Renal artery embolization was induced experimentally in rabbits and microvascular changs were studiedangiographically, microangiographically and histopathologically. The results were as follows; 1. The mainmicroangiographic findings of renal artery embolization were arterial occlusion and collateral vessels arecharacterized by spiralling, dilatation, irregular lumen with abrupt caliber change, disoriented course andincreased number. 2. Collateral vessel formation was demonstrated in all cases of renal artery embolization bymicroangiography. 3. Recanalization of embolized vessels was better visualized by renal angiography thanmicorangiography. It was considered that microangiography is a valuable method for the observation ofmicrovascular changes in renal artery embolization and other renal diseases.
Angiography ; Dilatation ; Methods ; Rabbits ; Renal Artery

No abstract available.
Choledocholithiasis/*surgery ; Dilatation/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic/*methods

No abstract available.
Dilatation/*methods ; Esophageal Achalasia/*diagnosis/*therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the improvement of dysphagia after balloon dilatation and balloon swallowing at the vallecular space with a Foley catheter in stroke patients. METHODS: This study was conducted between May 1, 2012 and December 31, 2015, and involved 30 stroke patients with complaints of difficulty in swallowing. All patients underwent videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) before and after vallecular ballooning. VFSS was performed with a 4 mL semisolid bolus. For vallecular ballooning, two trainings were performed for at least 10 minutes, including backward stretching of the epiglottis and swallowing of a balloon located in the vallecular space, by checking the movement of the Foley catheter tip in real time using VFSS. RESULTS: After examination of the dysphagia improvement pattern before and after vallecular ballooning, laryngeal elevation (x-axis: pre 2.62±1.51 mm and post 3.54±1.93 mm, p=0.038; y-axis: pre 17.11±4.24 mm and post 22.11±3.46 mm, p=0.036), pharyngeal transit time (pre 5.76±6.61 s and post 4.08±5.49 s, p=0.043), rotation of the epiglottis (pre 53.24°±26.77° and post 32.45°±24.60°, p<0.001), and post-swallow pharyngeal remnant (pre 41.31%±23.77% and post 32.45%±24.60%, p=0.002) showed statistically significant differences. No significant difference was observed in the penetration-aspiration scale score (pre 4.73±1.50 and post 4.46±1.78, p=0.391). CONCLUSION: For stroke patients with dysmotility of the epiglottis and post-swallowing residue, vallecular ballooning can be considered as an alternative method that can be applied without risk of aspiration in dysphagia treatment.
Catheters ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Dilatation ; Epiglottis ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Methods ; Stroke*

Enteroenteric anastomotic strictures of UGI tract are common and require treatment if significant obstruction occurs. We performed fluoroscopic guided balloon dilatation in 6 patients who had symptomatic stricture of gastrojejunostomy. The stricture was successfully resolved in 4 patients with benign stricture. But 2 patients with malignant stricture had recurrence of obstructive symptom 2 weeks later, and they required a stent. Asymptomatic balloon rupture was seen in one patient, but other procedural complications did not occur. We found that fluoroscopic guided balloon dilatation is an effective and safe method in the treatment of anastomotic stricture of gastrojejunostomy. We also found transient effect in malignant gastrojejunal anastomotic strictures, which required an interventional procedure, such as placement of a stent.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation* ; Gastric Bypass* ; Humans ; Methods ; Recurrence ; Rupture ; Stents

Enteroenteric anastomotic strictures of UGI tract are common and require treatment if significant obstruction occurs. We performed fluoroscopic guided balloon dilatation in 6 patients who had symptomatic stricture of gastrojejunostomy. The stricture was successfully resolved in 4 patients with benign stricture. But 2 patients with malignant stricture had recurrence of obstructive symptom 2 weeks later, and they required a stent. Asymptomatic balloon rupture was seen in one patient, but other procedural complications did not occur. We found that fluoroscopic guided balloon dilatation is an effective and safe method in the treatment of anastomotic stricture of gastrojejunostomy. We also found transient effect in malignant gastrojejunal anastomotic strictures, which required an interventional procedure, such as placement of a stent.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation* ; Gastric Bypass* ; Humans ; Methods ; Recurrence ; Rupture ; Stents

Intravascular ultrasound is a usful too to assess the adequate stent strut expansion after stent implantation and nowadays it can bo also used as a dicision making method about omitting anticoagulant therapy. We used intravascular ultrasound before and after Palmz-schatz stent implantation in 3 patients with coronary artery narrowings and analysed serial post porcedure lumen diameter, cross sectional area. We think it is a useful tool to assess the effect of stent implantation and post stent balloon dilatation.
Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Methods ; Stents ; Ultrasonography

CT is a valuable method in determining number, location and extent of lesions, although a definite diagnosisis often not possible on CT. In intracranial tuberculosis, CT was helpful in the diagnosis, assessing the degreeof hydrocephalus and evaluating the effectiveness of antituberculous therapy. Twenty-one cases of clinical lyproven intracranial tuberculosis were studied by CT in our hospital during last 3 years. Of them, eighteen caseswere tuberculous meningitis and the rests were tuberculoma. The results were as follows; 1. Tuberculous meningitis presented the following three patterns of CT findings according to its disease process. a. In early stage of the disease, suspcious multiple isodense small nodules in the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres showed dense enhancement in postcontrast scan representing miliary tubercles. b. In later stage of the disease, precontrastscan showed partial or total obliteration of the basal and sylvian cisterns with mild dilatation of ventricularsystem. Postcontrast scan showed dense enhancement of basal and sylvian sisterns. This type of finding was themost common in our series. c. Moderate to marked dilatation of ventricle with or without a cluster ofcalcifications in suprsella area on precontrast scan was seen in far later stage or as a sequellae of the disease. No enhancement was noted in postcontrast study. 2. Tuberculoma showed an isodense or slightly hyperdense area inthe cerebral or cerebellar hemisphere with associated minimal edema in precontrast study. Postcontrast scan showeda small ring enhancement with central lucent area.
Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Edema ; Hydrocephalus ; Methods ; Tuberculoma ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal

Endobronchial balloon tamponade is an alternative method that can be used to control massive hemoptysis. Several different techniques have been used for this purpose. We describe a new parallel method, in which biopsy forceps introduced through a bronchoscope channel is used to grasp a balloon catheter. As the bronchoscope is advanced to the bleeding site, the balloon catheter is pulled into position, and subsequently inflated. There are several advantages of this technique. It needs no specialized catheter or guide wire, the procedure is relatively easy to perform, and applicable to other purposes such as introduction of an additional suction catheter.
Aged ; Balloon Dilatation/*methods ; Bronchial Arteries/pathology ; Bronchoscopy/*methods ; Catheterization/methods ; Dilatation ; Heart Catheterization/*methods ; Hemoptysis/*surgery ; Hemorrhage/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve Stenosis/surgery ; Surgical Instruments

PURPOSE: To evaluate the availability of ultra-wide-field fundus photography compared to fundus examination after pupil dilatation in Korean patients with retinal break. METHODS: For this retrospective case review of consecutive 160 patients, 230 lesions with retinal breaks were recruited. The ultra-wide-field images were taken after fundus examination with pupil dilatation performed by a retinal specialist. We analyzed ultra-wide-field images according to patient characteristics and separated area. We divided lesions into anterior and posterior areas, and each area was separated into 4 quadrants (superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal). RESULTS: The sensitivity of ultra-wide-field imaging for detecting retinal break was 72% (95% confidence interval [CI] 65-79%), and the specificity was 94% (95% CI 90-98%). The sensitivity of detection of posterior retina was 89% (95% CI 85-93%), and that of anterior retina was 72% (95% CI 66-78%); this difference was significant (p = 0.007). There was a significant statistical difference at the inferior quadrant between anterior and posterior retina, but not at superior, temporal, or nasal quadrants. The sensitivity of detection in the inferior quadrant in the anterior retina was 43% (95% CI 29-57%). CONCLUSIONS: Ultra-wide-field fundus photography can detect retinal break, but there is limitation in anterior retinal lesions, especially the inferior area. Therefore, ultra-wide-field fundus photography cannot be an alternative method instead of fundus examination with pupil dilatation.
Dilatation ; Humans ; Methods ; Photography ; Pupil ; Retina ; Retinal Perforations* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Specialization