Gastric stricture is caused by the ingestion of caustic materials, or by the involvement of a gastric infiltrating carcinoma. Corrosive injury-induced stricture is uncommon and the gastric injury caused by calcium fertilizer has not been reported in Korea. Once the diagnosis of gastric stricture is confirmed, an early definitive surgical intervention should be performed. Sometimes balloon dilatation on stricture may be attempted in suitable cases. We report a case of gastric stricture caused by ingestion of chemical fertilizer containing calcium and managed with radiologic balloon dilatation in a 73-year-old man.
Aged ; Calcium ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Eating ; Humans ; Korea

The formation mechanisms of rare intracranial aneurysms are various, which lead to various kinds of treatment methods. The present article summarized the pathogenesis, pathologic changes in vascular walls and imaging features of rare intracranial aneurysms including segmental ectasia, aneurysms with dissection, aneurysms with intramural hemorrhage, mycotic aneurysms, aneurysms related to HIV, neoplastic aneurysms and traumatic aneurysms through literature review.
Diagnostic Imaging ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy

Santorinicele, a focal cystic dilatation of the distal duct of Santorini, has been suggested as a possible cause of the relative stenosis of the accessory papilla, is associated with complete pancreas divisum, which results in acute episodes of pancreatitis or pain. This report describes a case of a santorinicele, which was initially detected by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as a polypoid mass, in a patient with recurrent abdominal pain. The mass was subsequently proved to be a santorinicele containing a pancreatic duct stone associated with incomplete pancreas divisum on endoscopic retrograde pancreatography. To the best of our knowledge this is believed to be the first description of a santorinicele associated with these characteristic findings.
Adult ; Calculi/*diagnosis ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreas/*abnormalities ; Pancreatic Diseases/*diagnosis ; Pancreatic Ducts/*pathology

Inflammatory and reactive lesions of the breast are relatively uncommon among benign breast lesions and can be the source of an abnormality on imaging. Such lesions can simulate a malignant process, based on both clinical and radiographic findings, and core biopsy is often performed to rule out malignancy. Furthermore, some inflammatory processes can mimic carcinoma or other malignancy microscopically, and vice versa. Diagnostic difficulty may arise due to the small and fragmented sample of a core biopsy. This review will focus on the pertinent clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features of the more commonly encountered inflammatory lesions of the breast that can be characterized in a core biopsy sample. These include fat necrosis, mammary duct ectasia, granulomatous lobular mastitis, diabetic mastopathy, and abscess. The microscopic differential diagnoses for these lesions when seen in a core biopsy sample will be discussed.
Abscess ; Biopsy* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Fat Necrosis ; Female ; Mastitis

Mucinous ductal ectasia(MDE) is a newly described entity of mucinous neoplasm of pancreas with characteristic endoscopic and pancreatographic findings. It is charaeterized by a patulous duodenal papilla extruding mucus and a pancreatogram showing dilatation with amorphous filling defects, communication of the mass with the pancreatic duct. MDE is intraductal lesion consisting of dilated "cystified" ducts lined by mucin-producing columnar cells. The lesion is usually located in the head or uncinate process. When the radiographic appearance of the ERCP cannot provide sufficient information for definite diagnosis, additional endoscopic visualization is desirable. With the advent of pancreatoscopy, an endoscopic procedure is now available that has proven to enhance diagnostic accuracy. The 0.8-mm ultrathin pancreatoscope allows macroscopic diagnosis under direct vision. Endoscopic sphincterotomy is not required, and insertion into the pancreatic duct is feasible in most cases with the aid of guidewires. Major indications are unclear filling defects on ERCP, strictures of uncertain origin, and duct cut-offs. A limitation of this procedure are the lack of angulation, insufficient illumination, fragility of endoscopic equipment, and nonspecific findings. In addition, biopsy while directly viewing the lesion is impossible at present. We experienced one case of MDE who presented with the symptom of weight loss. Ultrathin pancreatoscopy was useful for the direct visualization af pancreatic duct in the differential diagnosis of filling defects of main pancreatic duct.
Biopsy ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dilatation ; Dilatation, Pathologic* ; Head ; Lighting ; Mucins* ; Mucus ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic ; Weight Loss

Idiopathic tracheal stenosis is a type of benign stenosis that possesses specific characteristics but is of unknown origin. It is a rare disease characterized by extensive fibrosis of a portion of trachea, and predominantly found in women. The lesion presents as circumferential fibrotic stenosis that usually occurs at upper trachea and the subglottic larynx, but lower trachea may also be involved. Diagnosis is made from the clinical characteristics accompanied by compatible pathologic features and by exclusion of other etiologies. Conservative management such as laser resection, dilatation and stent insertion can be tried initially, but surgical resection is recommended for definitive treatment due to frequent restenosis and maintenance problems of conservative approach. We report a case of idiopathic tracheal stenosis treated with tracheal resection and anastomosis followed by insertion of a retrievable stent for immediate relief of airway obstruction.
Airway Obstruction ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Larynx ; Rare Diseases ; Stents* ; Trachea ; Tracheal Stenosis*

PURPOSE: To assess the preliminary findings of Mn-enhanced T1-weighted MR cholangiography for the evaluation of intrahepatic choledocholithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis underwent conventional heavily T2-weighted and manganese-enhanced T1-weighted MR cholangiography. For the former, the two reviewers focused on intrahepatic ductal dilatation, calculi, and stricture; and for the latter, ductal enhancement. RESULTS: In seven patients, 13 diseased segments were depicted and intrahepatic bile ductal dilatation was present in all 13 of these in all seven patients. Calculi were present in eight segments in six patients, and stricture in four segments in three patients. Of the 13 diseased segmental ducts, six were seen at manganese-enhanced imaging to be filled with contrast material, suggesting a functioning bile duct. CONCLUSION: Combined T2-weighted and mangafodipir trisodium-enhanced T1-weighted MR cholangiography provides both anatomic detail and functional detail of the biliary system. Combined MR cholangiography is useful for the evaluation of intrahepatic choledocholithiasis, demonstrating the stricture and function of the segmental ducts involved.
Bile Ducts ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Tract ; Calculi ; Cholangiography* ; Cholangitis ; Choledocholithiasis* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis* ; Dilatation ; Humans

We describe here a case of localized polyarteritis nodosa that involved the unilateral breast in a 69-yr-old woman. She presented with a tender breast mass and had suffered for two months. On physical examination, an ill-defined 2 cm sized, firm mass was palpated. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a mass like lesion that contained microcalcifications. The mass was excised because of the suspicion of carcinoma. The histologic findings were vasculitis involving medium and small sized-arteries that showed marked neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltrations with intimal fibroplasias and fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina. The patient progressed well after surgical excision. The discussion includes the importance of differential diagnosis between localized polyarteritis nodosa and other vasculitis, and review of previously reported cases of vasculitis of the breast. Only 13 cases of polyarteritis nodosa of the breast have been reported and this is the first case of polyarteritis nodosa with mammary duct ectasia.
Breast* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dilatation, Pathologic* ; Female ; Humans ; Neutrophils ; Physical Examination ; Polyarteritis Nodosa* ; Vasculitis

We report 10 kidney-allografted patients treated for 11 ureteral strictures with standard endourologic ballon catheter dilatation and internal stenting between August 1979. They have been followed until 2 to 140 months (mean 42). We compared and alalyzed the 6 successful strictures(54%) and 5 unsuccessful strictures. There was no statistically significant difference of demographic, clinical and radiologic interventional techniques between two groups. But there was slightly higher success rate in abruptly narrowed shorter fibrotic strictures in ureteroneocystostomy sites than smoothly tapered longer ones in other sites of the ureter. Longterm stenting by the transplantation team with cystoscopic removal of internal ureteral stents by urologists resulted in 3 cases of stent occlusion, encrustation or fracture. Exact early diagnosis of ureteral structure with continued close follow up and proper radiologic interventional procedure with optimal stenting period may increase the success rate and still provide an alternative to surgery.
Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation* ; Early Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Stents ; Ureter*

OBJECTIVEAbdominal distention is a common disorder in newborns, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. Currently, little literature is available regarding early identification of the etiology of this disorder in newborn babies, which is imperative to reducing the likelihood of serious consequences. This retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical characteristics of early newborns with abdominal distention, aiming at identifying the underlying etiologic factors.

METHODSMedical records of 201 (65 premature and 136 full-term) early newborns with abdominal distention between January 2011 and December 2012 were retrieved.

RESULTSCongenital malformations (including congenital megacolon, anal atresia, malrotation, intestinal atresia, intestinal duplication and posterior urethral valves) occurred in 44.6% of the premature newborns with abdominal distention and 61.8% of the full-term newborns with the disorder. Congenital megacolon was the number one cause of abdominal distention in the full-term group (33.8%) and the number two cause in the preterm group (13.8%). As far as other individual abnormalities were concerned, sepsis was the number one cause of abdominal distention in the preterm group (35.4%) and the number two cause in the full-term group (21.3%). Vomiting was a main symptom associated with abdominal distension, occurring in 64.0% of the full-term newborns and 44.6% of the preterm newborns. The most pronounced X-ray manifestation was bowel distention with an air-fluid level in the preterm group (47.7%) but was bowel distention without a fluid level in the full-term group (57.3%). Eliological and symptomatic treatment was effective in 86.2% of the premature cases and 88.2% in the full-term cases (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCongenital malformations may be the major cause of abdominal distension in early newborns. Sepsis and congenital megacolon are the single disease most frequently associated with abdominal distention in preterm and full-term newborns respectively. Vomiting is a main accompanying symptom in early newborns with abdominal distention. X-ray manifestations seem to be more severe in preterm newborns than in full term newborns. A satisfactory outcome can be achieved after treatment in both preterm and full-term newborns with this disorder.

Abdomen ; pathology ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; diagnosis ; Male ; Radiography, Abdominal