China ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; trends ; Humans

The term "midlife crisis" was first described in the 1930s by the Swiss psychologist Jung Carl Gustav. He found that although many middle-aged people already had a successful career and a stable family, the crisis of values and beliefs started to appear. If the minimally invasive surgery was a person, he would be 30 years old since 1987 when the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully performed in the world, and he would be gradually entering the "middle-aged phase", of which the "midlife crisis" is shown as follows: the surgical technique is basically established. Although there are continuous improvements and innovations of surgical techniques, they are only gradual innovations essentially. How can we recognize ourselves and overcome this crisis successfully? Technological change is always spiraling upward, irreversibly, and getting better. Minimally invasive surgical techniques may continue for more than one hundred years. But in the process of the pursuit of minimally invasive surgical techniques development, we should never forget to remain true to our original aspiration, from beyond the technical level to examine the development of technology, because the need of diagnosis and treatment and the quality of life of patients is our ultimate concern. No matter how technology evolves, the patient is always the first. Only with such an original intention can we move forward bravely and overcome the "midlife crisis" in technology.
Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; trends ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; trends ; Quality of Life

In the past 30 years, minimally invasive surgery has been greatly improved with the development of the energy platform, instrument platform, and imaging platform. Taking colorectal cancer surgery as an example, the five elements of surgical procedure have developed to a certain extent. The surgical approach has undergone a process from large to small. The range of resection ranges from simple bowel resection to radical resection/extended radical resection, and then to surgery that focuses on preserving organ function. With the recognition of the direction of normal lymphatic drainage and the characteristics of tumor lymphatic metastasis, lymph node dissection has been gradually standardized. The reconstruction of the digestive tract has changed from manual sutures to full endoscopic anastomosis, and then to the concept of functional anastomosis. The removal of the specimen has improved from large incision through the abdominal wall, to small laparoscopic incision, and then to the natural cavity. The evolution of these procedures depends on the advancement of technology platforms and equipment, and the recognition of new concepts. The development of minimally invasive platform must be in the direction of ensuring the implementation of the most optimized surgical approach. The platform is more secure, integrated, multifunctional, and intelligent. In the future, minimally invasive procedures must be aimed at maximizing the benefits of patients. The procedures are more scientific, functional, comfortable and diverse. Surgical innovation has promoted the development of the platform. The platform and the surgical procedure promote each other's development.
Anastomosis, Surgical/trends* ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures/trends* ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Laparoscopy/trends* ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/trends* ; Suture Techniques/trends*

Colorectal surgery is rapidly developing in the direction of minimally invasive surgery and functional surgery. New technology and ideas are constantly emerging recently. Laparoscopic colon surgery has already been recommended by NCCN guideline. However, laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery still needs to wait for survival and recurrence rates of long-term follow-up data for verification. In recent years, with the rapid progression of imaging equipment of laparoscope, the new 3D laparoscopic system will process image more quickly, and surgeons can get space depth feeling like open surgery only with a pair of glasses. The new 3D laparoscopic system has many advantages, and can also shorten the learning curve of the beginners. But it does not mean the traditional 2D laparoscopy has been out of date. It is admitted that dialectical view on the development of the technology and equipment is still required. New things also need the accumulation of time and validation, and the deficiency of imaging system remains to be improved. At present, the robotic colorectal cancer surgery is still in its infancy, and its application is relatively common in colon surgery. In respect of robotic rectal cancer surgery, it still lacks of long-term follow-up survival results for verification. To reduce physical and psychological trauma for patients is the goal of the surgeon. Surgeons are experiencing the change from minimally invasion to non-invasion. Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) and natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) arise at the historic moment. Among them, transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) incorporates the concepts of NOTES, anal minimally invasive surgery and total mesorectum excision, guaranteeing the radical cure and no scar of abdomen, but it still needs multicenter, large sample and long-term follow-up clinical data to prove its safety, efficacy and indication. Therefore, surgical procedure is transforming from conventional laparoscopic surgery to the NOTES and NOSES. The surgical principle is the eternal cornerstone to ensure the radical tumor resection and the safety of patients.
Abdomen ; surgery ; Biopsy ; Cicatrix ; Colon ; surgery ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; trends ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; trends ; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery ; Robotic Surgical Procedures

There are vast land and lots of people in western China, but the economy developing is relatively slow. However, the minimally invasive surgery was carried out firstly in China. Moreover, the type, number and difficulty of the minimally invasive surgery increased year by year. Especially, in the western area of China, Dr Zhou Zongguang, Yu Peiwu and Zheng Shuguo et al. have performed much pioneering work in laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer, gastric cancer and laparoscopic liver resection. They led the standard development of minimally invasive in China. In the future, western China should continue to strengthen the standardized training of minimally invasive surgery, make great effort to carry out evidence-based research of minimally invasive surgery, provide evidences of high level of clinical application in minimally invasive surgery. At the same time, we should carry out the robotic and 3D laparoscopic surgery actively, leading the development of minimally invasive surgery more standardized and more widespread in western China.
China ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; trends ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; education ; methods ; standards ; trends ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

Lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis is an important metastatic mode and a major cause of locoregional recurrence of mid-low rectal cancer. Recently, there is an East-West discrepancy in regard to the diagnosis, clinical significance, treatment and prognosis of lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis. In the West, lateral nodal involvement may represent systemic disease and preoperative chemoradiotherapy can sterilize clinically suspected lateral nodes. Thus, in many Western countries, the standard therapy for lower rectal cancer is total mesorectal excision with chemoradiotherapy, and pelvic sidewall dissection is rarely performed. In the East, and Japan in particular, however, there is a positive attitude in regard to lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPND). They consider that lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis is as regional metastasis, and the clinically suspected lateral nodes can not be removed by neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The selective LPND after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may be found to be promising treatment for the improvement of therapeutic benefits in these patients. Therefore, the large-scale prospective studies are urgently required to improve selection criteria for LPND and neoadjuvant treatment to prevent overtreatment in the near future. Selective LPND after neoadjuvant treatment based on modern imaging techniques is expected to reduce locoregional recurrence and improve long-term survival in patients with mid-low rectal cancer.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; trends ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; trends ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; Pelvis ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy

Through continuous development, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has become widely recognized in academic and medical circles. In China, the volume of MBS operations has increased year by year. Therapeutic goals of MBS have evolved from treating obesity to treating Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and further to treating a series of obesity-associated metabolic diseases (including conditions in the endocrine system, circulatory system, respiratory system, reproductive system, and etc). Surgical approach of MBS has also been evolving continuously. Currently the common surgical procedures include laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and bilio-pancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS). All surgical procedures have pros and cons, and the choice of surgical procedures should be based on the conditions of patients, the surgeon's technical ability, and benefits and operative risks. With the development of MBS, the proportions of different surgical procedures also changed in China. In recent five years, the proportion of AGB has decreased continuously and LAGB is no longer a common procedure. The proportion of LSG has increased rapidly, rising from 9% in 2010 to 55% in 2015. The proportion of RYGB has increased from 57% to 64% between 2010 and 2013, and remained at 45% afterwards. Since 2010, most MBS operations are laparoscopic surgery. 3D Laparoscopic surgery, laparoendoscopic single-site surgery and da Vinci Robotic Surgery have also been introduced in MBS. This review discusses the status quo and changes of MBS in china, as well as the new technology in MBS, aiming to strengthen the information and comprehension of MBS in china.
Bariatric Surgery ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Biliopancreatic Diversion ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; surgery ; Disease Management ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Gastrectomy ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Gastric Bypass ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Metabolic Diseases ; surgery ; Obesity ; surgery ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; statistics & numerical data ; trends

INTRODUCTIONPreoperative prognostic predictors are important for surgeons and parents to estimate the survival of patients with esophageal atresia (EA). The aim of this study was to update the clinical outcomes of EA treatment by comparing between the Waterston and the Spitz classification.

MATERIALS AND METHODSMedical records of the patients with EA treated at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Heath from 2003 to 2010 were reviewed. All of the patients were categorised into 3 groups of the Waterston and 3 groups of the Spitz risk factor criteria for comparing of the differences in each group and each classification.

RESULTSOne hundred and thirty-two patients (81 males and 61 females) were treated for EA during the study period. Applying the Waterston classification, survival rate was 100% in group A, 91.5% in group B and 48.8% in group C. There was no statistical difference between the survival rate in group A and group B (P = 0.119) but significant difference between group B and group C (P = 0.000). Using the Spitz classification, survival rate was 97.4% in group I, 64.4% in group II and 27.3% in group III. There was obviously statistical difference of the survival rate between each group (group I vs group II, P = 0.000; group II vs group III, P = 0.041).

CONCLUSIONComparing with the prognostic predictors, the Spitz classification was more valid than the Waterston criteria. The Spitz classification is suitable to use for preoperative predictor to parental counselling and comparing of treatment outcomes of EA among paediatric tertiary care centres.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Esophageal Atresia ; classification ; mortality ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Preoperative Period ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; trends ; Thailand ; epidemiology ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; classification ; mortality ; surgery

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been widely used in the world for near 20 years, which should be considered as the milestone of modern medicine advancement, changing the routine perioperative principle, accelerating the recovery speed following operation, minimizing the postoperative pain, and saving the medical resources. Despite the remarkable advance, the quality and application of ERAS in the west China needs further improvement if compared with international level or even some domestic hospitals. The postoperative hospital stay in west China is much longer than the reported 3 to 5 days according to published references. Several suggestions can be help: (1) Based on the published consensus and the successful experiences of ERAS in colorectal surgery, the medical institution should make great effort to extend this technique to change the profound traditional idea in medical staffs and patients. (2) The medical administrations should take the application of ERAS as a key performance index and annual work plan in hospital. (3) Multiple disciplinary team including anesthetist, surgeon, dietitian, and nurses is essential for hospital to promote the quality of ERAS. Undoubtedly, ERAS is going to be the conventional medical care in the western area of China. We may look forward to seeing more researches from western China to update the ERAS consensus.
China ; Clinical Competence ; Colorectal Surgery ; rehabilitation ; Consensus ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; rehabilitation ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; statistics & numerical data ; Patient Care Team ; standards ; trends ; utilization ; Personnel Administration, Hospital ; methods ; Postoperative Care ; methods ; psychology ; standards ; Postoperative Period ; Quality of Health Care ; standards ; trends