No abstract available.
Diet, High-Fat

No abstract available.
Adipocytes, Brown* ; Diet, High-Fat*

No abstract available.
Adipocytes, Brown* ; Diet, High-Fat*

The ketogenic diet (KD) is an established, effective, nonpharmacologic treatment for children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Although the KD is the most well-established dietary therapy for epilepsy, it is too restrictive and is associated with serious complications; therefore, alternative lower-fat diets, including a modified Atkins diet and low-glycemic index diet, have been developed. Recent ongoing clinical evidence suggests that other dietary therapies have an efficacy almost comparable to that of the KD. In addition, a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids appears to increase the efficacy of diet therapy and reduce the complications of a high-fat diet. Here, we review the systematic information about lower-fat diets and better-quality dietary therapies and the current clinical status of each of these dietary approaches.
Child ; Diet ; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted ; Diet, High-Fat ; Epilepsy ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Humans ; Ketogenic Diet

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Endothelial dysfunction is an early change in the process of atherosclerosis. To evaluate endothelial function, expensive and specialized medical devices like high-resolution vascular ultrasound are necessary. Therefore, we sought to compare this atherosclerotic parameter of endothelial function using the inexpensive and simple method of peripheral pulse arrival time (PPAT) measurement. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Before and after meals, we measured PPAT and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). Resting PPAT in both arms was measured with a PPAT device that was designed by the authors. Hyperemic effect was tested in both arms after raising the blood pressure to 250 mmHg for 5 minutes by using a blood pressure cuff, after which the cuff was released to 0 mmHg. PPAT was measured within the first 1 minute to observe the hyperemic response. FMD was measured in the same process by 7 MHz high-resolution ultrasound in the left brachial artery. The percent change was calculated from the baseline value and that of the hyperemic response. RESULTS: In low-fat diet, PPAT change was not different (3.8% vs. 4.7%, p>0.05). In high-fat diet, PPAT tended to be shorter, but without statistical significance (4.8% vs. 2.7%, p>0.05). In low-fat diet, the change of FMD was not different (11.7% vs. 11.4%, p>0.05). In high-fat diet, there was a significant difference in FMD (11.4% vs. 6.5%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The PPAT measurement could be a method for evaluating endothelial function, but is less sensitive than flow-mediated vasodilation.
Arm ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Pressure ; Brachial Artery ; Diet, Fat-Restricted ; Diet, High-Fat ; Meals ; Ultrasonography ; Vasodilation

It appears that a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet is more effective in weight loss than conventional low-fat diets for short-term periods of approximately 6 months. However, for long-term periods of about 1 year or more, the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet are reduced and the difference in weight loss between low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets disappears. A low-carbohydrate diet can lead to low triglycerides and high HDL cholesterol, and may even lead to an increase in LDL cholesterol. The effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on glycemic control are not clear, and there is no effect on blood pressure. A low-carbohydrate diet may lead to cardiovascular disease, and can increase cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Diet ; Diet, Fat-Restricted ; Diet, High-Fat ; Mortality ; Triglycerides ; Weight Loss

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a Pholiota adiposa extract on fat mass in hyperlipidemic mice fed on a high-fat diet. The water extracts from P. adiposa (ASI 24018) were not affected in the total triglyceride contents and epididymal fat mass in mice fed on a high-fat diet, but the retroperitoneal fat mass decreased significantly. This result suggests that the P. adiposa extract may be a potential candidate for use as a functional food that can act as a prophylactic against hyperlipidemia. However, the P. adiposa extract showed no effect in the total triglyceride contents and epididymal fat mass.
Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Functional Food ; Hyperlipidemias ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Mice* ; Pholiota* ; Triglycerides ; Water

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we investigated whether a high-fat diet (HFD) affected the bone implant connection (BIC) in peri-implant bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four male rabbits were used in this study. Dental implant surgery was introduced into each tibia, and four implants were integrated into each animal. In both the normal diet (ND) group (n=2) and HFD group (n=2), 8 implants were integrated, for a total of 16 integrated implants. The animals continued with their respective diets for 12 weeks post-surgery. Afterward, the rabbits were sacrificed, and the BIC was assessed histomorphometrically. RESULTS: Histologic and histomorphometric analyses demonstrated that BIC was not impaired in the HFD group compared to the ND group. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, we found that HFD did not decrease the BIC in rabbit tibias.
Animals ; Dental Implants ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat* ; Humans ; Male ; Osseointegration* ; Rabbits ; Tibia

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of balsamic vinegar on beta-cell dysfunction. METHODS: In this study, 28-week-old Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were fed a normal chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) and were provided with tap water or dilute balsamic vinegar for 4 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance tests and histopathological analyses were performed thereafter. RESULTS: In rats fed both the both chow diet and the HFD, the rats given balsamic vinegar showed increased insulin staining in islets compared with tap water administered rats. Balsamic vinegar administration also increased beta-cell ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) expression in islets and decreased cholesterol levels. CONCLUSION: These findings provide the first evidence for an anti-diabetic effect of balsamic vinegar through improvement of beta-cell function via increasing beta-cell ABCA1 expression.
Acetic Acid ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Insulin ; Rats ; Water

Normal diet, high protein high fat diet and high carbohydrate diet were prepared and given to young male white rats to study the effects of the diets on the prostatic concentration of citric acid. Also, the effects of exogenous testosterone propionate, castration and exogenous testosterone propionate and on sexual activity were studied. The first experiment was a 60 day observation. In the controls and among the animals administered testosterone propionate, the prostate-body weight ratio was higher in the high protein, high fat diet group than in the groups fed high carbohydrate and normal diets. The prostatic citrate, however, was higher in the high carbohydrate diet group. By administration of testosterone propionate, citric acid concentration of the prostate was higher in the high protein, high fat diet group and sexual activity in this group caused a more marked increase in the prostatic citrate concentration. The second experiment was continued for 203 days. The high protein, high fat diet caused an increase in the prostate-body weight ratio and a relatively higher but insignificant concentration of prostatic citrate. Sexual activity did not cause an increase in the prostatic citrate concentration. Concentration of the prostatic citrate can not be taken as an index of androgenic activity.
Animals ; Castration ; Citric Acid* ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; Rats ; Sexual Behavior ; Testosterone Propionate