Stress is a kind of coping mechanism of human and most animals in the face of external survival pressure, which can regulate an individual's physiological, psychological function and behavior. Some studies have shown that there are differences in stress response and cognition of different stress intensity on individuals. In addition, for different individuals, the stress response caused by the same stress source is also varied, which is related to the changes in neurotransmitter and hormone levels, as well as difference in the activation patterns of downstream signa-to individual genetic difference and other factors. In this paper, the cognitive changes from different stress states are summarized from the aspects of neurotransmitters, hormones and their downstream mechanisms, so as to provide ideas for the reasonable application of stress and the prevention and treatment of stress-related diseases.

Objective To investigate the role of plasmid pYC on proteome of Yersinia pestis. Methods Two dimensional electrophoresis was performed to strains of Yersinia pestis with and without the pYC plasmid, and differential proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Results More than 500 protein spots of Yersinia pestis with and without plasmid pYC were recognized,and their protein profiles were generally similar. The chaperone GroEL was highly expressed in strains with plasmid pYC, whereas the protein GroEL was not encoded by plasmid pYC. ConclusionsPlasmid pYC has an impact on proteome of Yersiniapestis. The proteins of pYC-p10 and pYC-p11 encoded by plasmid pYC may regulate the expression of GroEL.

OBJECTIVETo develop a three-dimensional multimedia system for enhancing the efficiency of dental education and chairside communication.

METHODSA set of three-dimensional digital models of normal teeth and jaws related to dental education in prosthodontics were acquired or established under Microsoft Windows. The three-dimensional models were re-edited and rendered with texture attached, producing a large number of three-dimensional pictures and short animated pictures. A software platform was established for displaying all sorts of media, including the three-dimensional models. Finally, all media files produced or gathered before were integrated into the platform, similar to the textbook in chapter adopted in dental education at university.

RESULTSThe prosthodontic three-dimensional multimedia system was successfully developed. The system covered basic information within the current textbook of prosthodontics, three-dimensional pictures, animated pictures, and virtual three-dimensional scenes. The system might serve as an assistant tool in dental education and chairside communication.

CONCLUSIONSIt is technically feasible to establish the prosthodontic three-dimensional multimedia system, according to experiences in this study. The success also anticipates the possibility and feasibility of developing similar systems in other disciplines of dentistry.

Objective To compare the difference of biochemical characteristics and virulent Pst Ⅰ of Yersinia pestis strains in traditional focuses of plague in Yunna Province and in the new focuses of plague in Yulong County. Methods The identification data of biochemical characteristics(Rhamnose, Glycerol, Maltose, L-Arabina and Melibiose fermentation) and virulence factor(Pst Ⅰ) from different focuses of plague in Yunna Province were Retrospectively collected by tube test followed by the analysis using statistics software SAS 8.0 by Fisher exact probability of disordered two-way R × C table χ2 test. Results Among 48 strains of Yersinia pestis from hantaan type plague focus, 1 strain fermented L-maltose, 48 strains fermented Glycerol. Among 165 strains of Yersinia pestis from the Soul type plague focus, 1 strain did not ferment L-maltose, only one of them fermented Glycerol. 1 strain from the Soul type plague focus was confirmed to have mutation, for the test of nitrate reduction reaction was negative. All 5 strains of Yersinia pestis from the new focuses of plague in Yulong County fermented L-maltose and Glycerol. The statistical result showed that the differences in L-maltose and Glycerol fermentation of Yersinia pestis from different natural focuses of plague in Yunnan Province were statistically siguificant (P < 0.01). The differences of other biochemical characteristics and Pst Ⅰ were not statistically significant (P > 0.01). Conclusions Biochemical characteristics of Yersinia pestis from the hantaan type plague focus and the Soul type plague focus in Yunnan province are overlapping. Biochemical characteristics of Yersinia pestis from the new focuses of plague in Yulong County are different from those tradition focuses of plague in Yunna Province but share similarities to those from Unquiculatus focuses in North Tibet.

Objective:To systematically review the qualitative research on dignity cognition and experience of the elderly in nursing homes.Methods:Qualitative research on the dignity cognition and experience of the elderly in nursing homes was retrieved by computer in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP and China Biology Medicine disc. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to May 31, 2021. The quality of the article was assessed using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, and 30 research results were extracted. The research results were grouped into 8 categories, and 4 integrated results were synthesized, namely, the elderly's cognition of dignity, the impact of impaired dignity on the elderly, the factors affecting the maintenance of dignity, and the elderly's dignity maintenance strategies.Conclusions:Nursing homes should attach importance to the dignity of the elderly, provide dignity care, protect the autonomy of the elderly, and strengthen the social support system to promote the realization of the elderly with dignity.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy between stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and surgical treatment for stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Clinical data of 120 patients with early-stage NSCLC who underwent SBRT or surgical treatment in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from 2012 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Propensity score matching was carried out between two groups.Sixty eligible patients were enrolled in each group.In the SBRT group,the 80％ isodose line covered 95％ of the planning target volume,and the 100％ isodose line covered 100％ of the internal gross tumor volume.The fractional dose was 5-15 Gy and the median biologically equivalent dose was 100 Gy (range:57.6-150.0 Gy).In the operation group,32 patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy and 9 patients underwent wedge resection or segmentectomy.Results All patients successfully completed corresponding treatment and were followed up.The median follow-up was 32.3 months (range:8.6-68.4 months).In the operation group,3 patients died from infection within postoperative 90 d,whereas no case died in the SBRT group (P=0.079).In the SBRT group,3 patients died of other factors besides tumor (cerebral infarction,heart disease,etc.) during follow-up.Local-regional recurrence occurred in 12 patients including 5 cases in the operation group and 7 in the SBRT group (P=0.543).In the operation group,11 patients experienced distant metastases with a median disease-free survival (DFS) of 33.5 months.In the SBRT group,6 patients had distant metastases and the median DFS was 38.4 months (P=0.835,P=0.178).In the SBRT group,the 1-and 3-year overall survival rates were 93％ and 83％,and 95％ and 83％ in the operation group (P=0.993).Conclusions The 1-and 3-year overall survival rates and local control rate do not significantly differ between SBRT and operation for patients with early-stage NSCLC.

AIM To investigate the effects of Xinyue Capsules on the expression of glycerophospholipid metabolizing enzymes in isoproterenol(ISO)-induced rat heart tissue and primary myocardial cells of neonatal rats.METHODS The SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the Xinyue Capsules intervention group and Xinyue Capsules control group,with 8 rats in each group.The rat model of cardiac hypertrophy was established by 14 days consecutive intraperitoneal injection of ISO(30 mg/kg).Prior to the modeling,once daily administration of 0.393 g/kg Xinyue Capsules was given by gavage from 3 days in advance to the end of the experiment.After the last administration,the procurement of blood from abdominal aorta,the left and right ventricles were processed.And the rats had their indices levels of the heart,the left ventricle and the right ventricle measured;their pathomorphological changes of myocardial tissue observed using HE staining;their expressions of cardiac hypertrophy-related myocardial embryonic genes ANP,β-MHC and α-SKA mRNA detected using RT-qPCR method;and their serum TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C levels detected by biochemical method.In in vitro experiment,the neonatal rat model of myocardial hypertrophy was induced by exposure to ISO 1 μmol/L for 24 h.The investigation of the effect of Xinyue Capsules 12.5 μg/mL on ISO-induced myocardial hypertrophy was conducted by detection of myocardial cell area,embryo genes related to cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial cells protein cuntent.The further anti-cardiac hypertrophy mechanism of Xinyue Capsules research was conducted using RT-qPCR and Western blot to detect the gene and protein expressions of phospholipase A2(PLA2G6),phospholipase A1 member A(PLA1A)and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT)in left ventricle tissue and myocardial cells of each group.RESULTS The in vivo experimental result showed that compared with the normal group,the model group displayed increased indices levels of the heart,the left ventricle and the right ventricle and cross-sectional area of left ventricular myocytes(P＜0.05);and up-regulated expressions of ANP,β-MHC,α-SKA mRNA and PLA2G6,PLA1A and LCAT mRNA and proteins in the left ventricle(P＜0.05);and increased levels of serum TC,TG and LDL-C(P＜0.05);and decreased HDL-C level(P＜0.05).However,the intervention of Xinyue Capsules inhibited the changes of the aforementioned indices(P＜0.05).The in vitro experimental result revealed that Xinyue Capsules inhibited the ISO-induced increases of myocardial cell surface area and myocardial cell protein level,the up-regulation of ANP,β-MHC,α-SKA mRNA expressions and the PLA2G6,PLA1A,LCAT mRNA and protein expressions as well(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Xinyue Capsules can improve the ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats,and its mechanism may be associated with its regulation upon the expressions of glycerophospholipid metabolism-related enzymes PLA2G6,PLA1A and LCAT.

Piao chicken,a rare Chinese native poultry breed,lacks primary tail structures,such as pygostyle,caudal vertebra,uropygial gland,and tail feathers.So far,the molecular mechanisms underlying tail absence in this breed remain unclear.In this study,we comprehensively employed comparative transcriptomic and genomic analyses to unravel potential genetic underpinnings of rum-plessness in Piao chicken.Our results reveal many biological factors involved in tail development and several genomic regions under strong positive selection in this breed.These regions contain can-didate genes associated with rumplessness,including Irx4,Il18,Hspb2,and Cryab.Retrieval of quantitative trait loci(QTL)and gene functions implies that rumplessness might be consciously or unconsciously selected along with the high-yield traits in Piao chicken.We hypothesize that strong selection pressures on regulatory elements might lead to changes in gene activity in mes-enchymal stem cells of the tail bud.The ectopic activity could eventually result in tail truncation by impeding differentiation and proliferation of the stem cells.Our study provides fundamental insights into early initiation and genetic basis of the rumpless phenotype in Piao chicken.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an effective method to reduce perioperative adverse events such as cardiogenic shock in patients undergoing complex high-risk indicated percutaneous coronary intervention.Femoral artery and femoral vein are the main routes for conventional veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in China,while the cases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation insertion via axillary artery are relatively rare.However,the axillary artery intubation veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation assisted mode has been regarded as one of the routine clinical paths for the treatment of critically ill patients in foreign countries.This paper reports a case of an elderly male patient who underwent high risk and complex percutaneous coronary interventional therapy by right axillary artery implantation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation assisted circulation due to the difficulty of femoral artery approach.In order to provide reference for the selection of clinical extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technique route.

Concerned literature on four kinds of andrographolide injections in recent 15 years were searched in CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases. The adverse drug reaction(ADR) cases of Chuanhuning, Yanhuning, Xiyanping and Lianbizhi injections were classified and analyzed statistically, including a total of 194 articles and 3 479 cases. The ADR clinical characteristics and occurrence regularity of these four andrographolide injections were analyzed and compared from the gender, age, primary disease, emergence time of ADR, clinical manifestation, allergy history, dosage, prognosis and combined medication of the patients. It is useful to provide valuable references for rational use of these andrographolide injections in clinical practice.