Objective To investigate the clinical features,etiology and related clinical factors in neonatal anemia.Methods Two hundreds and sixty four infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January 2009 to March 2012 were retrospectively analysed with different levels,different age,different gestational age.Results Among 264 patients,the occupancy of blood loss anemia was 54.5 ％.Mild and medium neonatal anemia were more than severe anemia (172 vs 92).Fetomaternal hemorrhage syndrome occurred commonly in severe anemia (16.3％,15/92).Early anemia was more than late anemia(182 vs 82).Hemorrhagic anemia in early anemia (64.3％,117/82)occurred mainly.Late anemia with infection mainly (67.1％,55/82).Fetomaternal hemorrhage syndrome were all early anemia and term to account for a higher proportion (94.4％,17/18);twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome occurred commonly among preterm term infants (96.7％,29/30).Conclusion Blood loss anemia was the main etiological factor resulting in neonatal anemia.The incidence of mild and medium neonatal anemia was quite high.Early anemia was more than late anemia.There might be some differences in the etiology between term and perterm infants.

Objective By analyzing domestic and foreign papers on plague research with bibliometrics and visualized methods, we explored the current situation research trends and cutting-edge dynamics in order to provide information sup-port for plague research as well as strategies for countering bioterrorism.Methods Based on data sources from SCI and CNKI databases, bibliometrics and visualized methods were adopted,including Pajek,VOSviewer, Bibexcel and Citespace, so as to show the major cutting-edge areas of plague research.Results Comprehensive research analysis showed that the USA is leading in plague research, with some strong related institutions.There is still a gap between China and international community for research.Academy of Military Medical Sciences and other institutions are our main plague research efforts. Conclusion We should strengthen plague research, improve our overall level of plague research to provide the necessary support for effective response to natural epidemics and potential bioterrorism incidents.

AIM:To investigate the role of JAK-STAT pathway , IL-1βand IL-6 in the PC12 cells with X-ray irradiation.METHODS:The PC12 cells were irradiated with X-ray at doses of 2, 4 and 8 Gy.After 24 h, the levels of IL-1βand IL-6 were detected by ELISA .The protein levels of p-JAK1, p-JAK2, p-STAT1, p-STAT3 and p-STAT5 were measured by Western blot .RESULTS:Compared with control group , the levels of IL-1βand IL-6 increased .The protein levels of p-JAK1, p-JAK2, p-STAT1, p-STAT3 and p-STAT5 increased with the doses of X-ray exposed.CONCLUSION:JAK-STAT signaling pathway , IL-1βand IL-6 play a role in the injury of PC12 cells with X-ray irradiation.

Objective:To study the relationship between smoking behavior and self-esteem of adolescents.Methods:1307 students of the seventh and eighth grades of 8 private schools completed questionnaires about smoking behavior and self-esteem. Results: More cigarettes smoking, less score of self-esteem. Those had quit smoking had higher scores in self-esteem than those can not quit. Students who chose“will smoke in the future”had lower self-esteem than the students chose“won't smoke in the future”.Conclusion:Smoking behavior is a marker of low self-esteem.

Objective With eukaryote expression vector pEGFP-C2, to establish the HepG2 cell line which may stably express the P22e of hepatitis B virus (HBV), and may be used to study the existed relationship between HBVP22e and hepatitis B. Methods HBVP22e cDNA obtained by PCR from HBV adr subtype 1.2 copies genome plasmid p3.8II was inserted into universal vector pMD18-T for identification. The plasmids were transfected into HepG2 cells via liposome, while EGFP-HBVP22e was analyzed by Western blot, and observed with fluorescence microscope in HepG2 cells. Results Expression vectors of recombinant pEGFP-C2HBV P22e were constructed and expressed steadily in HepG2 cells. Conclusion The results can be used to explore biological activity of HBVP22e in hepatitis B.

Objective To study the clinical manifestations,etiology,magnetic resonance imaging features,prognosis of patients with bilateral medial medullary infarction.Methods The clinical information of two case reports were summarized with review of the literature.Results The 2 patients with bilateral medial medullary infarction reported here were manifested with progressive quadriplegia,both complicated with respiratory disorders.On etiology,both were due to atherosclerosis,and one was combined with congenital vascular variation.The Y shaped hyperintense signals were seen in diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) cross-section in the medulla oblongata level.And both had poor outcomes that one was dead and the other was discharged with tracheotomy and severe sequela.Conclusions Bilateral medial medullary infarction is presented with complicated symptoms such as quadriplegia,dysarthria,hypoglossoplegia,even respiratory failure,in which quadriplegia is most often seen,and it is associated with a poor clinical prognosis.DWI appears the characteristic Y Shaped sign.

Objective To study the mechanisms of Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui induced liver damage. Methods 40 mices were selected and radomly divided into four groups according to the dose of Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui used,there were 4 g/kg group(1/8 LD50 ),2 g/kg group(1/16 LD50),1 g/kg group(1/32 LD)50,and control group,which were given saline. After continuous administration for 21 d by ig,the body weight and liver coefficient of mice in all groups were determined,liver histological changes were detected by HE staining. The serum enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase (AST),the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),the content of malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide anion radical (O2-·)and hydroxyl radical (OH·)were all measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS)content were detected by flow cytometry. Results With the increase dose of Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui,the body weight of rats were decreased,and liver coefficient were increased(P<0.05). The serum ALT,AST activity were significantly increased,SOD and GSH-Px activity were significantly decreased(P<0.05),MDA content were increased significantly,radical O2-·, OH·and intracellular ROS levels were all increased (P<0.05 ). Conclusion Chinese medicine Euphorbia kansui induced liver injury though lipid peroxidation.

Objective To clarify the cellular localization of triptolide and to explore its in-cell action sites.Methods 4-(Bro-momethyl)-7-methoxycoumarin was employed to label triptolide,then labelled triptolide was incubated with human hepatoma carci-noma cells.Subsequently,incubated cells were subjected to stain with fluorescent dye DiI or PI,which were specific to cytoplasmic membrane system and nucleus,respectively.Results Compared with the non-triptolide control,coumarin labelled triptolide shown a light blue fluorescence under UV excitation;Co-localization with DiI showed that triptolide exist in cytoplasm and(or)on cell mem-brane;Co-localization with PI showed that triptolide located in cell nucleus.Moreover,microscopic observation indicated that the fluorescence intensity in nucleus was denser than that in cytoplasm.Conclusion The presnt study demonstrate that triptolide main-ly act in nucleus,followed by acting in cytoplasm and(or)on cell membrane.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the parameters of the extraction and purification technologies of total flavonoids from Di-ospyros kaki Thunb. leaves,and then to compare the contents of flavonoids in fresh and dried D. kaki Thunb. leaves. METHODS:Taking the yield of total flavonoids as the investigated index,the influences of liquid-solid ratio,the volume fraction of ethanol and ultrasonic extraction time on the extraction effect were discussed by single-factor and orthogonal test. With the purity of total flavo-noids as the investigated index,the purification effects of such three kinds of methods as ethyl acetate extraction method,alcohol deposition method and macroreticular resin purification method combined with petroleum ether degreasing on the extracted solution were compared. The optimal extraction technology was adopted to extract the total flavonoids from fresh and dried D. kaki Thunb. leaves and their contents were compared. RESULTS:The optimal extraction technology was as follows as liquid-solid ratio of 25∶1 (ml/g),volume fraction of ethanol of 70%,ultrasonic extraction time of 30 min,extraction temperature of 30 ℃. The results of the verification tests showed the average content of total flavonoids was 1.75%(RSD=2.00%,n=3). The total flavonoids in the extracted solution purified by the above-mentioned three purification methods had a purity of 24.92%,15.94% and 35.52% respec-tively,in which the macroreticular resin purification method with petroleum ether degreasing combined with AB-8 resin purification was optimal. The content of flavonoids in fresh D. kaki Thunb. leaves(1.75%) was about twice as much as that in dried leaves (0.87%). CONCLUSIONS:The optimal extraction and purification technologies are simple with good effect,and suitable for large-scale production. Fresh D. kaki Thunb. leaves should be used as raw materials for extracting flavonoids.

Objective To discuss the influence of preventive calcium supplementation on the recovery of parathyroid glands function after total thyroidectomy.Methods 232 patients meeting the selected criteria were randomly assigned to group A and B,and then divided into group A1 (87 cases,PTH ＞8 pg/ml)and A2 (30 cases,PTH ＜8 pg/ml),group B1(83 cases,PTH＞8 pg/ml)and B2(32 cases,PTH ＜8 pg/ml) based on the lowest parathyroid hormone( PTH )value within 3 days after surgery.All patients in group A were immediately supplemented 10％ calcium gluconate intravenously 6 g/d after operation.For group B,post operative calcium supplementation was not given,however,anyone whose PTH ＜ 8 pg/ml was supplemented 10％ calcium gluconate intravenously 6 g/d no matter hypocalcemia occurred or not.The level of serum calcium and PTH of all patients were assayed before operation and at the 1st,2nd,3rd day,1st week and 1st month after operation.In additon,patients with hypocalcemia received serum calcium and PTH detection at the 2nd and 3rd week.Whether hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism occurred or not was recorded.Results ( 1 )The serum PTH was obviously higher in group A1 than in group B1 at the 1st week after operation( P ＜0.05 ).The serum calcium was obviously higher in group A1 than in group B1 at the 1st,2nd,3rd day and 1st week after operation(P ＞0.05).The hypocalcaemia and symptomatic hypocalcaemia incidence were obviously lower in group A1 than in group B1 (P ＜ 0.05 ).(2)① Group A2 had obviously higher level of serum PTH than group B2 at the 1 st,2nd,and 3rd week after operation ( P ＜0.05 ) and returned to normal level of serum PTH earlier than group B2.② Group A2had obviously higher level of serum calcium than group B2 from the 1 st day to the 3rd week after operation ( P ＜ 0.05 ) and returned to normal level of serum calcium earlier than group B2.③ The hypocalcaemia and symptomaic hypocalcaemia incidence ware obviously lower in group A2 than in group B2 (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The preventive calcium supplementation is beneficial for the recovery of the function of parathyroid glands after total thyroidectomy.