Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification after trabeculectomy in patients with angle-closure glaucoma and cataract with high intraocular pressure.Methods We divided 32 eyes of 32 patients with angle-closure glaucoma and cataract with high intraocular pressure into 2 groups.Phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy were performed in group 1,and phacoemulsification after trabeculectomy were performed in group 2.The intraocular pressure,visual acuity,and complications were determined.Results In these 2 groups,the intraocular pressure decreased and the visual acuity increased 1 week after the surgery,without statistical significance.No serious complication was found in these 2 groups.Conclusion It is effective and safe to perform phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy in patients with angle-closure glaucoma and cataract with high intraocular pressure.

Objective: Our aims were to find a new aqueous drainage device-umbilical artery tube (UAT) and to study its effect in decreasing IOP. Methods:UAT is acquired from the newborn infants umbilical cord that has been disposed by 0.5% glutaraldehyde solution. As an device, UAT is required that its inner diameter is 1.0 mm and the outer one varies from l.5 mm to 2.0 mm. There are totally 12 cases, among them, 10 cases underwent aqueous drainage implantation in anterior chamber, 2 cases underwent in vitreous and cooperated with vitreous incise surgery. The mean follow-up period was 2 years and 3 months. Results: The average IOP was 7.8 kPa before operation and was 2.5 kPa during follow-up period. The success rate was 67.9%. Seven cases were no more than 2.8 kPa . One case was 2.7 kPa after using 0.5%Timolol. Complication：one case hemorrhaged in anterior chamber, 2 cases had shallow anterior chamber. There was no severe complication, such as sclera solve or necrosis, UTA exposing or being rejected.Conclusion: UTA implantation is effective in the management of refractory Glaucoma.

Objective: To compare the prompt fixation strength and antifatigue strength of the locking and non-locking anterior cervical plating systems. Methods:AO Cervical Spine Locking Plate (CSLP), Danek Orion plate and AcroMed Acroplate were used on the lamb cervical spines. The CSLP and Orion were tested with screws locked and unlocked, and the Acroplate with unicortical and bicortical purchase. The fixation strength and pull-off strength of the screw-plate constructs were performed initially and after fatigue. Results: Locked CSLP and Orion constructs were more rigid than all unlocked unicortical systems initially and after cyclic loading. After fatigue testing, the strength of all unlocked constructs decreased significantly. There was no significant difference in pull-off strength between the CSLP, the Orion and the unicortical Acroplate. Conclusion: The locking mechanism significantly increases the prompt fixation strength and antifatigue strength of the tested screw-plate systems.

Objective: To compare the fixation strength of locking and non-locking anterior cervical plating initially and after fatigue.Methods:AO Cervical Spine Locking Plate(CSLP),Danek Orion plate and AcroMed Acroplate were fixed on lamb cervical spine.The fixation strength and pull-off strength of the screw-plate constructions was performed initially and after fatigue.Results:Locked CSLP and Orion constructions were more rigid than all unlocked unicortical systems initially and after cyclic loading.There was no significant difference in pull-off strength between the CSLP,the Orion,and the unicortical Acroplate.Conclusions:Locking mechanism significantly increased the strength of the tested screw-plate systems initially and after fatigue.

[Objective]To evaluate the clinical efficacy of posterior pedicle screw instrumentation followed by anterior debridement and bone grafting through the lateral edge of the rectus abdominal muscle and retroperitoneal approach for the treatment of tuberculosis of the lower lumbar spine. [Methods]From June 2002 to January 2007,27 patients suffering from lower lumbar tuberculosis were treated with this technique.[Results]The surgical average time and amount of bleeding was 4.3 h and 438 ml respectively.The length of anterior incision was 5~7 cm.The average time and the amount of bleeding were 21 min and 48 ml respectively during the anterior lesion exposure.The follow-up period were 12~37 months,mean 17.3 months.The average preoperative,immediate postoperative,and final follow-up local lordotic angles of the affected segments were-2.1??4.0?,4.9??1.4?,3.7??3.0?.All patients had healed of disease and there was no recurrence at final follow up.Bony fusion was obtained in all patients.[Conclusion]Anterior exposure through the lateral edge of the rectus abdominal muscle and retroperitoneal approach is simple and less invasive.The spinal stability is achieved through short-segment pedicle screw fixation while reducing the sacrifice of additional motion segments.This technique is safe and effective for the treatment of tuberculosis of the lower lumbar spine.

In this experiment, the murine melanoma cell B16-F10 oncolysates transfected by recombinant vaccinia viruses encoding human IL-2(IL-2VBO) were used as vaccine. When the tumor-bearing mice were treated by following injection of IL-2VBO into tumor site, the tumor growth was inhibited and the survival time prolonged. The PBL from IL-2VBO treated mice showed higher cytotoxicity to the wild type B16-F10 but not to YAC-1 cells than that from control groups. The results showed the active specific immunity was induced by the IL-2VBO. On accout of its stronger immuogenicity and some advantages in preparing and storing, the IL-2VBO might be used as a kind of effective vaccine in the cancer active specific immunotherapy.

Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase ( CD) gene was transfected into murine B16F10 melanoma cells by recombinant adenovirus AdCD in vitro . The tumor cells infected with AdCD were more sensitive to 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) than cells infected with a control adenovirus AdLacZ. The supernatant from B16F10 cells treated with AdCD/5FC was transferred to uninfected cells, and we found that only 6. 25 % of the supernatant could significantly inhibit the growth of wild type B16F10 cells. When AdCD was directly injected into established subcutaneous B16F10 tumors in mice followed by intraperitoneal injection of 5FC for 10 days, a significant reduction in tumor size and prolongation of survival period were observed. These studies not only explored the cytotoxic effects of AdCD/5FC on B16F10 melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo but also elucidated the mechanisms of its bvstander effect.

We previously showed that adenvirus-mediated lymphotactin (Ltn) gene transfer in vivo could improve the an-titumor efficacy of cytosine deaminase (CD) gene therapy significantly. In the precent study, we investigated the im-munological mechanisms involved in the enhanced antitumor efficacy. Upregulation of CD80 and CD54 on murine CT26 colon carcinoma cells was observed after combined transfection with adenovirus encoding CD (AdCD) and adenovirus encoding murine Ltn ( AdLtn) followed by administration of 5-PC in vitro. IL-2 and IFN-? level secreted by splenocytes increased significantly after the combination therapy. In vivo depletion analysis showed that both CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells participated in the antitumor effect of the host with CD8~+ T cells being the main T cell subset responsible for the enhanced antitumor immune response. These data suggested that increased irnmunogenicity and efficient induction of antitumor immunity of the host might contribute to the enhanced antitumor effects of the combined Ltn and CD suicide therapy.

Objective To analyse the changes of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in rat retina under acute high ocular pressure and study the effect of nitric oxide in rat retinal damage under hypertension. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups:Ocular hypertension 30 min,60 min,90 min and 12 h,24 h after reperfusion.Elevation of the ocular pressure in the anterior chamber of the rat eye caused retina ischemic damage.The changes of retinal nitric oxide content were observed indirectly by measuring NO 2 -/NO 3 - content in retina.The distribution and changes of neuronal constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ncNOS)were studied by immunocytochemical localization of ncNOS. Results ncNOS positive neurons were distributed in the inner nuclear layer (INL),ganglion cell layer (GCL) and the inner plexiform layer of the normal and ischemic rat retina.During acute high IOP 30 min,60 min and 90 min,NO content decreased gradually and ncNOS immune activity weakens.During reperfusion,NO content increased remarkably (P