OBJECTIVETo investigate the roles of telomere and telomerase in the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 to delay hematopoietic stem cell senescence.

METHODSca-1(+) HSC was isolated by magnetic cell sorting(MACS) and divided into five groups: the control group, the aged model group, the Rg1 group, the Rg1 treated aged group and the Rg1 delayed aged group. The changes of cells were observed by senescence-associated beta-Galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal) staining. Cell cycle assay and culture of mixed hematopoietic progenitor cell were used to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 to delay Sca-1(+) HSC senescence. Telomere length and telomerase activity were detected by southern blotting and TRAP-PCR-SYBR Green staining.

RESULTCompared with aged model group, the percentage of positive cells expressed SA-beta-Gal and the number of cells entered G1 phase were decreased and the number of colony of mixed hematopoietic progenitor was increased. It showed markedly decreased in the shortening of telomere length and reinforcing in the telomerase activity to Rg1 treated aged group and Rg1 delayed aged group. The change of Rg1 delayed aged group was significantly higher than Rg1 treated aged group.

CONCLUSIONActivation of telomerase and prolonging of telomere length might be involved in the process of ginsenoside Rg1 to delay and treat the senescence of Sca-1(+) HSC.

Cellular Senescence ; drug effects ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; physiology ; Telomerase ; metabolism ; Telomere ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 in inducing senescence human leukemia K562 cell line.

METHODProliferation of K562 cell line induced by Rg1 was detected by MTT colorimetric test for the purpose to screen optimal active concentration and time (20 micromol x L(-1) , 48 h). Impact of Rg1 on cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. The percentage of staining positive cells was detected by SA-beta-Gal staining. The expressions of senescence-related genes such as p16, p53, p21, Rb, were detected by RT-PCR and the changes in ultramicro-morphology were observed by transmission electron microscopy.

RESULTRg1 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells in vitro and arrest the cells in G2/M phase. The percentage of positive cells stained by SA-beta-Gal was dramatically increased (P < 0.05) and the expression of cell senescence-related genes were up-regulated. The observation of ultrastructure showed that cell volume increase, heterochromatin condensation and fragmentation, mitochondrial volume increase, lysosomes increase in size and number.

CONCLUSIONRg1 can induce the senescence of leukemia cell line K562 and play an important role in regulating p53-p21-Rb, p16-Rb cell signaling pathway.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cellular Senescence ; drug effects ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

BACKGROUND:Resection of femoral neck in the conventional total hip replacement greatly influences the equilibrium of forces jn the proximal fetour and causes disequilibrium of bone reconstruction,easily resulting in bone absorption,prosthesis loosening and dislocation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biocompatibility between materials and host in the total hip replacement with femoral neck preserved.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A retrospective case analysis was performed in the Department of Orthopedics,the 180 Hospital of Chinese PLA between September 2000 and December 2006.PARTICIPANTS:Twenty-five patients.10 males,15 females,aged 47 years old(range 31-56 years old)were recruited for this study.Twelve patients suffered from femoral head necrosis-caused hip joint disease and osteoarthrosis(bilaterally affected in 5 patients),eight femoral head necrosis(femoral head necrosis subsequent to femoral neck fracture healing in 2 patients),three acetabular dysplasia necrosis of femoral head,and two infra-head femoral neck fracture nonunion.The course of disease averaged 6 years old ranging from 2-10 years.METHODS:Modified hip ioint posterior approach was used to expose the hip joint.Femoral head was resected from the femoral head-neck iuncture.Cartilago acetabularis was stripped and then artificial acetabulum was installed.Femoral proximal medullary cavity was expanded.Artificial femoral head was installed.Finally,all artificial joints were reduced.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:(1)Biocompatibility between prosthesis and host.(2)Function recovery of hip joint.RESULTS:All wounds were primarily healed.Patients were followed up for 0.5-6 years on average.Follow-up results demonstrated good hip joint motion and normal walking gait.X-ray showed well-positioned artificial hip joint,absence of prosthesis loosening and dislocation,as well as good femoral neck sclerotin.CONCLUSl0N:The preservation of femoral neck in total hip replacement is fit to the physiological compliance of proximal femar and prevents osteoporosis-induced prosthesis loosening and dislocation in the proximal femur.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of free superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap (SCIAPF) in reconstruction of the donor site of hallux nail flap.Methods:From December 2015 to December 2022, Section Ⅲ of Department of Hand Surgery of Hangzhou Plastic Surgery Hospital conducted thumb reconstruction surgery with free hallax nail flaps for 12 patients with traumatic defects of thumbs. Six patients had degloving injuries of thumb with intact bone scaffold and extensor-flexor tendon. Among the other 6 patients with thumb defects, 3 had grade I defect, 2 had grade II defect and 1 had grade Ⅲ defect, according to Gu Yudong's classification. Free SCIAPFs were used to reconstruct the donor sites of hallux nail flaps. Sizes of the flaps were 3.0 cm× 6.5 cm-9.0 cm ×7.0 cm. All donor sites in the abdomen were directly sutured. After surgery, functional evaluations of the reconstructed thumb were conducted through follow-ups at outpatient clinics and(or) by WeChat interviews, according to the Evaluation Trial Standards of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, and the functional evaluation of donor feet was conducted according to the Maryland foot function evaluation standard.Results:Successful survival of the 9 cases of flap in the donor site of hallux nail flap. One patient had venous occlusion of flap and survived after timely surgical exploration. One flap had partial necrosis at the tip of flap, and the wound was eliminated with local transfer of a flap. One patient had necrosis over most of the flap with the base of the flap survived, and the wound was repaired by a stage-II skin grafting. The donor sites at groin healed in stage-I in all of 11 patients with a linear scar. One patient who had haematoma at the donor site was cured by removal of the haematoma and a re-suture. All the patients received a 3 to 24 months of postoperative follow-up. According to the Evaluation Trial Standards of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, 10 patients were in excellent and 2 in good. All of the great toes remained with original length and recovered normal flexion and extension. No patient suffered pain while walking and running. According to the Maryland foot function evaluation standard, 10 patients were in excellent and 2 in good. All SCIAPFs were satisfactory in colour and texture. Five patients had bloated flaps and underwent Hacks in the stage-Ⅱ.Conclusion:Application of a free SCIAPF in reconstruction of the donor site for hallux nail flap can effectively preserve the appearance and function of the donor site. Meanwhile, the scar in the donor site of groin is concealed with little damage, therefore the groin meets the requirements as a donor site of a flap.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)combined with laparoscopy for the treatment of colorectal cancer in the elderly and its effects on proinflammatory factors and immune responses.Methods:A total of 158 elderly patients with colorectal cancer treated with surgery were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment methods, they were divided into the control group(76 cases)and the study group(82 cases). The control group received traditional open surgery and routine perioperative care.The study group received laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer plus perioperative ERAS.Surgery parameters, complications, postoperative immune function and proinflammatory factor levels were compared between the two groups.Results:The operation duration of the study group was significantly longer than that of the control group[(128.5±33.7)min vs.(117.4±28.7)min, t=2.220, P=0.028], whereas the intraoperative blood loss[(100.8±20.5)ml vs.(250.7±62.3)ml, t=20.621, P<0.01]and the incision length[(4.5±1.2)cm vs.(17.5±3.0)cm, t=36.243, P<0.01]were significantly less than those in the control group.The time to first flatus[(2.0±0.9)d vs.(3.8±1.8)d, t=8.037, P<0.01], time to first defecation[(2.8±0.8)d vs.(4.5±1.1)d, t=11.167, P<0.01], time to first ambulation[(1.2±0.2)d vs.(3.8±1.3)d, t=17.888, P<0.01]and hospitalization length[(7.1±0.2)d vs.(11.4±2.2)d, t=17.625, P<0.01]were also significantly shorter than those in the control group.The incidences of surgical site infections(2.4% vs.10.5%, χ2=4.351, P=0.037), abdominal distension(7.3% vs.19.7%, χ2=5.279, P=0.023)and intestinal obstruction(9.8% vs.22.4%, χ2=4.711, P=0.030)in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after surgery( t= 9.612, 7.300, 5.446, 8.762, 12.138, 15.370, 10.186, 10.432, 13.512, respectively, all P<0.05). The levels of CD3 + , CD4 + and CD4 + /CD8 + in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after surgery( t= 2.128, 2.957, 2.313, 2.914, 2.937, 2.809, 5.089, 5.623, 5.409, respectively, P<0.05 for all), and the levels of CD8 + were significantly lower than those of the control group( t= 2.008, 2.580, 4.902, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Laparoscopy combined with ERAS for the treatment of colorectal cancer in the elderly can reduce surgical injury and complications and mitigate inflammatory responses with little impact on immune responses.

Objective To explore the interaction between family history of diabetes and hyperlipidemia on the risk of diabetes in population with normotension.Methods A multistage stratified probability random sampling was conducted to select a representative sample of urban residents aged 20-74 years in Harbin.A total of 376 diabetes patients with normotension and 3 692 residents with normal blood pressure,normal fasting glucose,and normal 2 hours glucose from OGTT were surveyed.The interaction was evaluated by using crossover analysis and additive model.Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that there was a possible additive interaction between family history of diabetes and hyperlipidemia on the risk of diabetes.The relative excess risk due to the interaction,the attributable proportion due to the interaction,and the synergy index were 1.97 (95％CI:-0.32-4.26),0.30 (95％CI:0.03-0.57),and 1.54 (95％CI:0.96-2.47),respectively.There were significant combination effects between family history of diabetes and high both total cholesterol and triglyceride,isolated high total cholesterol,and isolated high triglyceride levels;the ORs were 10.55 (95％CI:5.62-19.80),7.81 (95％CI:3.65-16.71) and 5.13 (95％CI:3.22-8.16),respectively.Conclusion There might be synergistic effect between family history of diabetes and hyperlipidemia on the risk of diabetes in population with normotension.

Background Tuberculosis is the most common complication of pneumoconiosis, which accelerates the progression of pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis is a major health risk. Objective To understand the outpatient health service utilization for patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis and its main influencing factors. Methods A stratified random sampling combined with non-random sampling was used to select 11181 pneumoconiosis patients in 27 provincial administrative regions (excluding Shanghai, Tianjin, Hainan, Tibet Autonomous Region, Taiwan, Hongkong and Macao Special Administrative Regions) from December 2017 to June 2021. A self-constructed questionnaire, i.e. Health Seeking Behaviors of Pneumoconiosis Patients and Their Influencing Factors, was used, which included basic information, outpatient and inpatient service utilization, and influencing factors of medical treatment behaviors of pneumoconiosis patients. The effective recovery rate of the questionnaire was 90.7%. All patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis (n=762) were included as the study subjects. The difference of outpatient utilization in the past two weeks, choosing medical institutions, and the reasons of not seeking medical treatment between urban and rural areas, and the influencing factors of outpatient service utilization were analyzed. Results The study subjects were mainly silicosis combined with tuberculosis (502 cases, 65.9%) and coal workers' pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis (232 cases, 30.5%), aged (58.6±12.5) years old. The main region was Western China (45.1%), followed by Eastern China (22.1%), Centeral China (20.2%), and Northeastern China (12.6%). The outpatient utilization rate in the past two weeks was 38.5% (293/762), and the main medical institutions consulted were municipal or provincial hospitals (32.0%), district or county hospitals (28.6%), and township hospitals or health service centers (17.5%). Short distance (20.7%), the availability of specialist outpatient services (16.7%), high level of medical care (14.8%), and low medical cost (12.3%) were the main reasons in choosing medical institutions. Higher proportion of patients seeking medical services due to acute exacerbation in rural areas was reported than in urban areas in the past two weeks (P<0.01). In addition to being hospitalized (113 cases, 41.4%) and self-purchasing medicine (46 cases, 16.8%), the reasons for not seeking medical treatment were self-perceived mild symptoms (15.0%) and high medical cost without reimbursement (9.5%). The multiple regression results showed that outpatient rate for patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis in the western region was higher than that in the eastern region (OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.68); patients with an annual personal income of 10000-35500 yuan had a higher outpatient rate than the > 35500 yuan income group (OR=2.54, 95%CI: 1.49, 4.36); the outpatient rate of silicosis patients was higher than that of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (OR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.23, 2.72); the outpatient rate of patients with clinically diagnosed cases (no classified stage of pneumoconiosis) was higher than that of patients with stage I pneumoconiosis (OR=2.32, 95%CI: 1.24, 4.31). Exacerbation of pneumoconiosis-related symptoms in past two weeks (OR=4.26, 95%CI: 2.89, 6.28), occupational injury insurance (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.30, 0.80), and hospitalization in past one year (OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.41, 3.97) were the main factors influencing the outpatient health service utilization among patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis. Conclusion The outpatient rate of patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis is higher than that of patients of pneumoconiosis without tuberculosis. The utilization of outpatient services is related with disease factors and socio-economic security factors.