Bronchi ; pathology ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged

To explore the relations of Morphology Immnuophe-notype Cytogenetics Molecular biology(MICM) detection on diagnosis andtreat,emt of leukemia． Methods: 68 cases of leukemia patients had beenanalyzed by morphology(FAB)． Immunohistochemistry(Flow Cytometry, FCM)． chromosome G banding technique and dual-color fluorescence insitu hybridization (D-FISH)．Technique:All patients were treated bychemotherapy． T test and X2 test of significance． Results: 7 cases have acute leukema aberration antigen expression． 5 out of 47 cases acutemyeliod leukemia patients accompany lymhocytic interrelated antigenexpression． 2/l5 cases acute lymphoid leukemia accompany myelocyteinterrelated antigen expression． 2 cases acute lmphoid leukemia are T cell and B cell interrelated antigen mingle expression． had been examined46,XY,t(8,2l) translocation of chromosome and bcr/abl fusion genes inthe acute leukemia patients． 16 out of 20 chronic myeloid leukemia patientshad philadelphia chromosome． 7 out of 20 patients had complicate karyotype． 5 out of 20 patients had bcr/abl fusion gene, l out of 4 patient had bcr/abl fusion gene that Ph chro mosome showed negative in CML． 3/4 cases patients had complicate chromosome． The ratio of CR use l time chemotherapy and the total ratio of CR using 2 times chemotherapywith aberration antigen expression in acute leukemia was significantly lessthan those of the acute leukemia patient had single system antigenexpression(P<0.05)． The time of CML-BC with complicate c hromosome karyotype was significantly short than those of Ph showed negative in CML(P<0.05)． Conclusion: The MICM classification is more acc urate for diagnosis of leukemia and more significant in guiding the leukemiatreamen．

Objective To investigate the distribution of neurons expressing Fos protein in central nervous system (CNS) following esophageal mucosal acid exposure,and to map the contribution of spe- cific brain areas in sensitizing responsivity and emphasize the coding change of CNS to the esophageal acid stimulation.Methods Thirty-six healthy Sprague-Dwley rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group A (n=6) was normal group of home cage control animals to which no stimulation was given. Group B (n=7) was saline group which received esophageal perfusion with normal saline solution (0.9% NaCl).Group C (n=8) was treated with esophageal mucosal acid exposure containing 0.1 mol/L HCl. Group D (n=7) was sensitized by ovalbumin.Group E (n=8) received basal ovalbumin-sensitization plus esophageal mucosal acid exposure.The rat model of esophageal visceral hypersensitivity was estab- lished by the basic ovalbumin-sensitization combined with intra-esophageal mucosal acid exposure.The neuronal expressions of c-fos proto-oncogene were detected with immunohistochemical counter-staining and computerized color image analyzer under various conditions.Results The rats in model group with basic ovalbumin-sensitization plus esophageal acid perfusion initiated a high density expression of c-fos- immunoreactive(Fos-IR) neurons in multineuronal networks.A significantly higher number of Fos positive neurons was found in the model group than those in the corresponding regions of other groups (P＜0.05) in the following brain areas:frontal and parietal cortex,insular cortex,cingulated cortex,central amyg- daloid nucleus,the K(?)lliker-Fuse nucleus,the nucleus ambiguus,parabrachial nucleus,hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus,paraventricular thalamic nucleus,paratrigeminal nucleus,the nucleus of solitary tract,area postrema,reticular nucleus of medulla,whereas no significant difference was found in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus,supraoptic nucleus,periaqueductal gray matter or orbital part of infe- rior frontal gyrus.The values of Fos-IR neurons were also increased in the central amygdala,parabrachi- al nucleus,paraventricular nucleus,the paratrigeminal nucleus and NTS in the model group than that in the corresponding regions of other groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion The basic ovalbumin-sensitization fa- cilitated dramatically the c-fos expression evoked by esophageal acid perfusion,suggesting that visceral hypersensitivity induced by ovalbumin may alter cortical reactivity processing of esophageal acid stimula- tion in brain areas.

With the establishment of HPLC and LC-MS methods to determine the related substances and the content of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in ipratropium bromide aerosol products, several packing material-related impurities were identified, including antioxygen BHT and antioxygen 2246. Results showed that these leachable additives from the packing materials may present at a relative high level in the drug solution, and the low content of API in the drug products is usually due to the adsorption of the packing material as well as the leaking of contents. The current available assay methods for the control of ipratropium bromide aerosol products are often lack of specificity and unable to assure the drug quality effectively. To meet the increasing attention on the regulations of drug packing materials, our research would be a pilot study, indicating that the inappropriate packing materials could cause the migration and adsorption of the active ingredients, and the importance to have compatibility studies between packing materials and drugs.
Aerosols ; Antioxidants ; analysis ; Bronchodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Butylated Hydroxytoluene ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Incompatibility ; Drug Packaging ; Ipratropium ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

Objective To investigate the alteration of energy metabolism and oxidative injury in the myocardia suffering from lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia (LVTA). Methods Two LVTA-SCD SD rat models, induced by aconitine injection or coronary artery ligation (CAL), respectively, were developed. Rats that died from over-anaesthesia or CAL-induced heart failure were served as their controls, respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonaldehyde (MDA), phosphocreatine (PCr) in the ventricular myocardia, and serum troponin I (cTnI) were detected, and compared between LVTA rats and their controls. Results Fourteen ACO-LVTA and six CAL-LVTA rats were successfully developed. As compared to their controls, ACO-LVTA and CAL-LVTA rats had higher ROS and MDA content, and lower concentration of PCr in the ventricular myocardia. MDA content in ACO-LVTA group is signiifcantly higher than that of its control (P<0.05). MMP in myocardia of ACO-LVTA is lower than that of its control, but is higher than those of two CAL groups. Serum cTnI in rats of both LVTA models is higher than those of their controls and pre-treated control. Specially, serum cTnI in CAL-LVTA was signiifcantly higher than that of ACO-LVTA and its control (P<0.01). The myocardial ROS content is correlated with the duration of VT and VF (P<0.05), with correlation coefifcients being 0.44 and 0.46, respectively. Conclusions After LVTA, the ventricular myocardia had lower MMP and PCr content, higher concentration of ROS, MDA, as well as higher serum cTnI than their controls, indicative of oxidative injury and alteration of energy metabolism under LVTA-SCD.

Objective To study whether the measure of consumption of iodized salt to prevent iodine deficiency disorders could lead to residents excessive iodine intake in the coastal areas in China.Methods A large population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in four typical costal provinces along the coastline from north to south,including Liaoning,Shanghai,Zhejiang and Fujian.In addition to survey all of its area of Shanghai,the other three provinces' investigation was carried out at urban and rural levels,respectively,including 5 costal cities,5 costal villages and 3 inland rural areas(as a control point) in each province.In each investigated spot,the local water iodine,residents qualified iodized salt consumption rate,per capita daily intake of salt and urinary iodine levels in different populations were investigated.Results A total of 7552 copies of drinking water samples,7996 salt samples and 9873 urine samples of different populations(adults,lactating women,pregnant women and children) were collected from the 4 provinces.Except the coastal cities and counties of Zhejiang province,the qualified iodized salt consumption rates at household were all greater than 90％ in the investigated spots.The median urinary iodine(MUI) of adults and children investigated in the costal areas were in the range of 100 - 299μg/L.The MUIs of lactating women of all investigated areas were all greater than 100 μg/L.The MUI of pregnant women was at an insufficient iodine level which was lower than 150 μg/L in Shanghai,the costal cities of Zhejiang and the coastal counties of Fujian.Conclusions The overall level of iodine nutrition of coastal residents is appropriate; and it is insufficient among pregnant women in some coastal areas; coastal areas should adhere to the salt iodization measures to control iodine deficiency disorders.

Objective To understand the running status and distribution of water-improving pmjects in Anda city.Methods The running and management of the water-improving projects were investigated and located the position by Global Positioning Systerm(GPS)in Anda city.Results Among 317 water-improving projects,16.09%were either long-term projects or in poor management or had already stopped usage,77 projeets were broken,accounting for 24.29%;all inadequate supply of equipment and pipeline,83 projects had never been started,accounting for 26.18%;now,106 projects were running,accounting for 33.44%.In only 46 projects,the water fluoride concentration was lower than 1.00 mg/L,accounting for 14.51%,as a result 36 thousand people benefited.Conclusions The running status of water-improving projects was unacceptable,most of them stopped running and endemic fluorosis control was still severe in Anda city.

Objective:To study the relationship among lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2 ) gene A379V and T403V locus polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility of coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods:Lp‐PLA2 gene A379V and T403V locus polymorphisms of 160 coronary angiography confirmed CHD patients (CHD group ) and 117 healthy subjects (healthy control group ) were measured using gene sequencing technique .ELISA was used to measure blood lipids and plasma Lp‐PLA2 level in two groups ,and they were compared between two groups . Results:Compared with healthy control group ,there were significant rise in age ,male proportion ,plasma levels of hs‐cTnI ,hsCRP ,TC ,LDL‐C , Lp (a) ,WBC ,mononuclear cells (MNCs) and Lp‐PLA2 [ (119.98 ± 49.41) ng/ml vs .(248.59 ± 76.51) ng/ml] ,and significant reduction in HDL‐C level in CHD group ( P<0.01 all) .The CC , CT , TT genotype and C , T allele were de‐tected all in A379V and T403C locus of two groups .Compared with healthy control group ,there were significant rise in frequencies of CC genotype (1.7% vs .9.3% ) and C allele (13.7% vs .20.3% ) of Lp‐PLA2 gene T403C locus in CHD group , P< 0.05 both . All genotypes and alleles of A379V locus possessed no significant difference between CHD and healthy control group . Conclusion:Plasma Lp‐PLA2 level may be related to CHD risk .Lp‐PLA2 gene T403C locus poly‐morphism possesses certain relationship with genetic susceptibility of CHD .

Objective: To compare the prompt fixation strength and antifatigue strength of the locking and non-locking anterior cervical plating systems. Methods:AO Cervical Spine Locking Plate (CSLP), Danek Orion plate and AcroMed Acroplate were used on the lamb cervical spines. The CSLP and Orion were tested with screws locked and unlocked, and the Acroplate with unicortical and bicortical purchase. The fixation strength and pull-off strength of the screw-plate constructs were performed initially and after fatigue. Results: Locked CSLP and Orion constructs were more rigid than all unlocked unicortical systems initially and after cyclic loading. After fatigue testing, the strength of all unlocked constructs decreased significantly. There was no significant difference in pull-off strength between the CSLP, the Orion and the unicortical Acroplate. Conclusion: The locking mechanism significantly increases the prompt fixation strength and antifatigue strength of the tested screw-plate systems.

Objective To investigate characteristics and alternation of cerebral evoked potentials (CEP) response to esophageal mucosal acid exposure and distention in patients with non-erosive gastro-oesoph- ageal reflux disease (NERD) and in healthy subjects,and to study the mechanism of visceral hypersensitivity in NERD.Methods Twenty-one NERD patients and 10 volunteers were recruited.Mechanical distention stimulation and acid perfusion of the esophagus were performed using the balloon-affixed and polyvinyl multi- lumen catheter.First,maximally tolerated pain thresholds of all subjects were recorded,then esophageal mechanical stimulation with a 75% of maximal tolerated intensity and a frequency of 0.2 Hz was performed altogether 64 times by means of a computer-controlled barostat.The alternation of esophageal CEP was recorded before and after acid perfusion with a multichannel international 10-20 system of electroencephalography. Experimental data was analyzed by student's t-test and one way analysis of variance.Results Esophageal mu- cosal distention may evoke recognizable and reproducible and multi-peak CEP.The latencies for N1,P1 and N2 in volunteers were (246?77),(388?84)and (502?78) ms,CEP morphology of NERD patients was charac- terized by randomly distributed patterns,and the latencies for N1 ,P1 and N2 were (192?46),(293?76) and (440?79)ms,significantly shorter for mechanical stimulation compared with those of control group respectively (all P value