Objective To study topiramate′s neuroprotection on primary cultured hippocampal neurons which were injuried by glutamate and its mechanism.Methods The primary cultured hippocampal neurons were made as the research object,and excitotoxicity model was exected with glutamate.Hippocampal neuron survival was assessed by MTT method and hippocampal neuron mitochondrial membrance potential(MMP) was evaluated by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry.Results Hippocampal neuron survival of normal control was(98.4?0.8)%,and the survival of glutamate model group was(59.6?3.2)%,at the same time,two topiramate′s groups′ cell survivals was(74.1?0.5)% and(79.2?3.4)%,and topiramate with two levels all could obviously increase hippocampal neuron survival((P

Objective To study the immunophenotypic features of NK/T cell lymphoma in children and its association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Methods Five cases of children′s NK/T cell lymphoma were studied. CD45RO, CD3?, CD56, CD20, TIA-1 and granzyme B were detected by immunohistochemistry staining for investigating immunophenotype. The expression of EBV-latent membrane protein (LMP-1) were detected by immunohistochemistry. EBV-encoded RNA (EBER1/2) were detected by in situ hybridization (ISH). Results CD45RO, CD3?, TIA-1 and granzyme B were positive in 5 cases, CD56 was positive in 2 cases, while CD20 negative in 5 cases.EBER1/2 positive in 4 cases and LMP-1 positive in 3 cases.Conclusions NK/T cell lymphoma in children is strong associated with EBV infection,and EBV infection may play an important role in the pathogenesis of children NK/T cell lymphoma.

Cranial Fossa, Anterior ; Humans ; Liposarcoma, Myxoid ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Killer Cells, Natural ; pathology ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; analysis ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics

To compare the expression of CD antigens on immune cells from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and bone marrow (BM) and analyze its clinical significance, the phenotypes of lymphoid cells and nucleated cells from 38 UCB and 10 BM samples were investigated by flow cytometry with double labeling monoclonal antibodies. The results showed that the immature lymphocytes (CD3(-) CD4(+)) were detected in UCB and higher than those in BM; cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD3(+) CD16(+) CD56(+)) in UCB were significantly lower than those in BM. NK cells (CD3(-) CD16(+) CD56(+)) in UCB were higher than those in BM. The ratio of CD34(+) cells in nucleated cells of UCB was similar to that of BM, however, both the contents of myeloid (CD34(+) CD13(+) and CD34(+) HLA-DR(+)) and lymphoid (CD34(+) CD19(+)) progenitor cells in UCB were lower than those in BM. It is concluded that the immune cells in UCB possess immaturity, which might lead to mild GVHD after UCB transplantation. It is inferred from the higher ratio of NK cells in UCB, GVL will not decrease after UCB transplantation. The lower contents of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells in UCB probably accounted for the slow hematopoiesis and immune reconstitution following UCB transplantation.
Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; physiology ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; Flow Cytometry ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant, Newborn ; Lymphocytes ; immunology

The clinical and hematologic features in 22 patients with metastatic carcinoma of bone marrow were observed and analyzed. Morphology of bone marrow cells, bone marrow biopsy and other accessory examinations were performed. The primary or cardinal symptoms of metastatic carcinoma of bone marrow included anemia (17 cases, 77.3%), ostealgia (10 cases, 45.5%), fever (8 cases, 36.4%), hemorrhage (4 cases, 18.2%) and complicated hemolytic anemia (4 cases, 18.2%). The primary carcinomas, diagnosed by pathologic and accessory examinations, include gastric carcinoma (6 cases, 27%), lung cancer (3 cases, 13.6%), ovarian cancer (2 cases, 9%), mammary cancer, prostatic carcinoma, osteocarcinoma and metastatic malignant melanoma (1 case, respectively), and unknown primary lesion (7 cases, 31.8%). The hematologic features were decrease of hemoglobin (17 cases, 77.3%) and blood plate count (16 cases, 72.7%), leukocytosis (11 cases, 50%), immature leukocytes (14 cases, 63.6%) and erythrocytes (9 cases, 40.9%) seen on the peripheral blood smear, and reticulocytosis (4 cases, 18.2%). Masses of metastatic carcinoma cells can be frequently seen at two sides and tail of bone marrow smear. Bone marrow biopsy of 8 cases demonstrated the infiltration of carcinoma cells with nest-like distribution in the bone marrow cavity. Examination of MRI in 6 case showed destruction of bone and corpus vertebra and abnormal signal focus. Bone marrow biopsy could contribute to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and determine the origin of primary carcinoma. MRI plays an important role in diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in bone marrow.

To investigate the expression of NF-kappaB in acute leukemia and its relationship with P21, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), the expression of NF-kappaB, P21, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in bone marrow cells from patients with acute leukemia (AL) was detected using immunocytochemical technique. The results showed that the expression ratios of NF-kappaB, P21, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in untreated AL group were significantly higher than those in remission and normal control groups (P < 0.05), and no obvious difference was seen between remission and normal control groups. The expression of NF-kappaB was correlated with that of P21, MMP-2 and MMP-9 (r = 0.767, 0.729 and 0.803, respectively, P < 0.05). This study indicated that P21 protein, encoded by oncogene Ras, and NF-kappaB were super-expressed in leukemia cells. In conclusion, after activation by Ras, NF-kappaB combined with the kappaB sequences of MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes, then upregulated their expression. MMP might enhance the degradative function of leukemic cell, thus to make cells easier to cross through the bone marrow barrier and release into blood.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; biosynthesis ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; biosynthesis ; NF-kappa B ; biosynthesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ; biosynthesis ; Remission Induction

OBJECTIVETo provide experimental basis for extending the indications of arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) in clinical application.

METHODSMTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of As(2)O(3) in combination with daunorubicin (DNR), cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), harringtonine (H) and vincristine (VCR) respectively on leukemic cells from 23 newly diagnosed cases with acute non-promyelocytic leukemia (ANPL) and 16 cases of relapsed, refractory ANPL.

RESULTS(1) As(2)O(3) inhibited the growth of leukemic cells from both newly diagnosed or relapsed and refractory ANPL patients, and there was no statistical difference in cytotoxicity of the patients in the two groups [(12.6 +/-7.7 compared with 10.1 +/-6.2)%, P<0.05]. (2) There was no correlation between the cytotoxicities of As(2)O(3) and Ara-C, H or VCR (P<0.05), but a linear correlation between As(2)O(3)and DNR was found (r=0.432, P<0.05).(3) Additivity and synergism of the cytotoxicity was found in most of the ANPL patients when As(2)O(3) was combined with the four chemotherapy drugs and the combination of As(2)O(3) with DNR or VCR enhanced the cytotoxicity significantly (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that As(2)O(3) might be used in treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed and refractory ANPL patients;and the combination of As(2)O(3) with DNR or VCR may enhance its therapeutic efficacy.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; Child ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxides ; administration & dosage

To investigate the expression of survivin gene and its relationship with Epstin-Barr virus (EBV) infection in midline T-cell lymphoma (MTL), immunohistochemistry staining method was used to examine the expression of survivin and EBV-latent membrane protein (LMP-1) in the 41 cases. In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to detect EBV-encoded RNA (EBER1/2). The results showed that the expression of survivin was positive in 26 cases of midline T-cell lymphoma, but no positive was detected in 10 cases of reactive lymphoid tissues. The positive expression ratio of survivin was 12.5% in cases of MTL with low grade of malignancy, and was 75.76% in cases of MTL with middle and high grades of malignancy, the significant difference was found between these two groups (chi(2) = 8.55, P < 0.01). Positive expression ratios of EBER1/2 and LMP-1 were 70.73% and 41.46% respectively. Survivin expression was not significantly different between EBER1/2 positive and negative cases (P > 0.05). It is concluded that survivin expression is up-regulated in MTL, and survivin positive expression rate is associated with the degree of malignancy. Survivin may play a role in the pathogenesis of the MTL by influencing cell apoptosis. EBV infection is not significantly associated with survivin expression in the MTL.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Female ; Granuloma, Lethal Midline ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; LIM Domain Proteins ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Nose Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics

In order to investigate the mechanism of acute lymphoblastic leukemic cell malignant proliferation, the expressions of hMSH2 mRNA and mutation P53 (mtP53) protein in bone marrow cells of de novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were determined by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemical methods. The results showed the that percentage of positive cell with hMSH2 mRNA expression was (32.88 +/- 11.46)% in the de novo ALL group and (64.22 +/- 8.51)% in the control group. The percentage of positive cell with mtP53 protein expression was (29.25 +/- 9.45)% in the de novo ALL group, and (12.63 +/- 6.66)% in the control group. There was a significant negative correlation between the positive percentages of hMSH2 mRNA expression and mtP53 protein expression (r = -0.45, P < 0.05). It is concluded that defective MSH2 mRNA expression plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mtP53 protein mutation plays an important role in the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the hMSH2 mRNA defect can lead to accumulation of the mutant P53 protein in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and both jointly promote the pathogenesis of ALL.
Adult ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; genetics ; Mutant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Mutation ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; biosynthesis ; genetics