Objective To investigate the rat bone structural changes of lower limb following lumbar nerve dorsal roots section.Methods Forty-eight mature female Wistar rats were divided into posterior radi- cotomy(PR)and comtrol groups randomly.The bilateral femoral bone mineral density(BMD)and biome- chanics characteristics were analyzed 2,4 and 8 weeks after the radicotomy.The same operation except the radicotomy was done in the sham group.Results In PR group,2,4,and 8 weeks after the radicotomy,the BMD of femur was(0.221?0.008)g/cm~3,(0.213?0.015)g/cm~3 ,and(0.216?0.105)g/cm~3 ,respective- ly;while that was(0.223?0.005)g/cm~3,(0.218?0.014)g/cm~3 ,and(0.208?0.111)g/cm~3 in control group.No significant difference was observed between the two groups(P＞0.05).In PR group,2,4,and 8 weeks after the operation,the mean maximum load in three-point bending test of femun midshaft was(93.64?8.76)N,(89.77?11.18)N and(93.21?8.74)N,respectively,and was lower than the values of the con- trol group at the same time point(95.94?6.29)N,(91.63?9.43)N,(95.57?8.64)N,However,there was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Accordingly,there was no significant difference in the energy absorption in femun midshaft between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The selective rhizotomies of part lumbar never dorsal roots might not cause the loss of the femur BMD and the change of bio- mechanics property significantly in short period.

Objective: To investigate the trends in mortality of malignant tumors in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2002 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for formulating malignant tumor control strategies in Ningbo City. Methods The data regarding the mortality of malignant tumors in Ningbo City from 2002 to 2022 were collected through the Ningbo Municipal Death Cause Monitoring System, and the crude mortality and age-specific mortality of malignant tumors were calculated in Ningbo City. The mortality of malignant tumors was standardized by the population of the sixth National Population Census in China in 2010 (Chinese-standardized mortality) and the world standard population in 1960 (world-standardized mortality). The trends in mortality of malignant tumors were evaluated with annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Methods: The data regarding the mortality of malignant tumors in Ningbo City from 2002 to 2022 were collected through the Ningbo Municipal Death Cause Monitoring System, and the crude mortality and age-specific mortality of malignant tumors were calculated in Ningbo City. The mortality of malignant tumors was standardized by the population of the sixth National Population Census in China in 2010 (Chinese-standardized mortality) and the world standard population in 1960 (world-standardized mortality). The trends in mortality of malignant tumors were evaluated with annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: The crude mortality of malignant tumors was 186.43/105 to 221.24/105 in Ningbo City from 2002 to 2022, which showed a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=0.76%), and both the Chinese- (AAPC=-2.64%) and world-standardized mortality (AAPC=-2.74%) appeared a tendency towards a decline (all P<0.05). The world-standardized mortality of malignant tumors presented three changes in Ningbo City from 2002 to 2022, with a more remarkable decline from 2011 to 2018 (APC=-3.53%) than from 2002 to 2011 (APC=-2.10%) and from 2018 to 2022 (APC=-2.00%) (all P<0.05). The annual decline in mortality of malignant tumors was higher in men (Chinese-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.68%; world-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.75%) than in women (Chinese-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.45%; world-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.57%), and higher in urban areas (Chinese-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.85%; world-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.92%) than in rural areas (Chinese-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.45%; world-standardized mortality: AAPC=-2.57%) (all P<0.05). The mortality of malignant tumors appeared a tendency towards a rise with age in Ningbo City, with the highest mortality in residents at ages of 85 years and older (1 447.13/105). Death from malignant tumors were responsible for 31.86% of all causes of death in Ningbo City, and the five most common causes of cancer death included lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer. In addition, the world-standardized mortality of pancreatic cancer (AAPC=3.92%), prostate cancer (AAPC=4.71%), and cervical cancer (AAPC=1.60%) appeared a tendency towards a rise in Ningbo City (all P<0.05). Conclusions The crude mortality of malignant tumors appeared a tendency towards a rise in Ningbo City from 2002 to 2022, while the standardized mortality showed a tendency towards a decline. Management of malignant tumors should be given a high priority among men and rural residents, and lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer should be emphasized.

Objective To investigate the imaging findings of the lacerating injury of the lung. Methods Ten patients of lung lacerating injury were examined by X-ray and CT within 1—5 h after injury. X-ray(2—5 times)and CT(3—5 times)examinations were repeated for 7 patients.Results The lung lacerating injury involved 10 sides and 14 lung lobes(21 lesions in total)in the 10 cases,among which 1 case involved the right upper lobe with 1 lesion,2 cases in the right lower lobe with 2 lesions,1 case in the right upper and lower lobes with 2 lesions for each lobe,3 cases in the left lower lobe with 9 lesions,and 3 cases in both the left upper and the lower lobes with 7 lesions.The X-ray findings were cavity-like shadows with smooth margin in 9 lesions(9/21),and patchy shadows of fogging margin in 12 lesions(12/21).The CT imaging findings included 6 pulmonary hematomas(6/21),and 15 cavitary lesions with air-fluid levels (15/21).In the 15 cavitary lesions,CT revealed 14 single cavities and 2 small cavities within a big cavity. On dynamic follow-up observation,the cavity was the biggest in 1—5 h after injury,but the hematoma was the biggest in 2—3 days after injury.Hematomas tended to absorb slower than the cavities.After 16— 32 days,all lesions revolved into small patchy or stripe-like shadows with slightly increased density. Conclusion Cavitary lesion with air-fluid level is the characteristic imaging finding of lung lacerating injury.CT surpasses X-ray plain film in revealing the details of lung lacerating injury.

Hepatitis ; immunology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; immunology ; Receptors, Complement ; blood

Aged ; Coal Mining ; Drug Combinations ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peroxides ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; drug therapy ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Urea ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

With the advances in immunology and molecular biology, new recognition in the pathogenesis, progression, and metastasis of carcinoma have been achieved. Studies on gene therapy for pancreatic carcinoma have been attempted in different ways, such as inhibiting oncogene, activating tumor suppressor gene, inducing apoptosis, applying gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy, and immune activation. New specific target genes and further development of gene technology may bring the break-through in this field.
Animals ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; immunology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the correlation between standardized uptake valus (SUV) of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) of tumor at PET/CT examination and the expression of glucose transporter-1 (Glutl) and Ki-67 in esophageal cancer.

METHODS56 patients with esophageal cancer were evaluated with 18 F-FDG PET/CT examination before operation. The expression of Glut1 and Ki-67 antigen in the tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry after operation.

RESULTS(1) Positive rate of Glutl and Ki-67 expression in esophageal cancer tissues was 100% , respectively. There was a positive correlation between the expression of Glutl and Ki-67 and the clinical stages and differentiation of the tumor. The more the tumor and the clinical stages were advanced and the lower was the tumor differentiation, the more Glutl and Ki-67 were expressed. (2) There were abnormal radioactive high uptake regions on PET/CT imaging of esophagus in the 56 patients, which were confirmed by pathology as the primary carcinoma. The SUV was higher than 2. 5. There was a gradually increasing tendency in SUV along with the lowering of the tumor differentiation and the advance of clinical stages. (3)There was a correlation between the expression of Glutl, Ki-67 and the SUV, the more Glutl and Ki-67 were expressed, the higher the SUV of tumor 18F-FDG at PET/CT examination was in esophageal tumor tissues.

CONCLUSIONThere is a widespread expression of Glutl in esophageal cancer tissues, and the SUV may be used to indirectly evaluate the proliferative capacity of esophageal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Tissue Distribution ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Introduction: Cholecystokinin (CCK) and peptide YY (PYY) are satiety-stimulating hormones that are released during eating. As such, their levels may be used useful in obesity intervention. The aims of this study were to determine the optimal cutoff values, sensitivity and specificity of plasma CCK and PYY in adult men, in order to determine hormonal dysfunction in obesity. Methods: We investigated 16 obese [body mass index (BMI) ≥25.1)] and 16 normal weight (BMI 18.5–22.9) men. They ate isocaloric fast-food for breakfast. Blood for the determination of the hormones was collected at 0 (before), 30, 60, and 120 minutes after consumption. The data that was obtained were analysed using an independent t-test or the Mann– Whitney U-test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn and the trapezoidal rule analysis was performed to determine the area under the curve, to determine the optimal cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity. Results: In obese subjects, CCK was lower compared with normal weight subjects at any time (p<0.05). There were no major differences in PYY among subject groups. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the plasma CCK had an optimal cut-off of 6,310 pg/ ml at 120 minutes after eating, with 0.97 area under curve (AUC), sensitivity was 94%, and specificity was 94%. The cut-off for optimal PYY was an average of 294.5 pg/ml at 120 minutes after eating (AUC 0.74; sensitivity 75%; specificity 75%). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the plasma CCK level is a better potential predictor of obesity and constantly decreased over time compared to PYY.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects between felodipine plus irbesartan and felodipine plus metoprolol regimen on blood pressure and the sexual function in young and middle-aged hypertensive women.

METHODSIn this prospective, randomized, parallelized, controlled and fixed combined therapy trial, 99 female patients (aged 18 to 60) with grade 1 and grade 2 hypertension (BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg and < 179/109 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) were assigned to felodipine 5 mg q.d + irbesartan 150 mg q.d (F + I group, n = 49) and felodipine 5 mg q.d + metoprolol 47.5 mg q.d (F + M group, n = 50) group. Target blood pressure was < 140/90 mm Hg. The female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire, levels of serum estradiol and testosterone were assessed. Female sexual dysfunction was defined as a FSFI score of less than 25.5. Patients were followed up for 24 weeks.

RESULTSThe rate of achieving blood pressure goal between 2 groups was similar at the 4th, 8th, 12th and 24th weeks respectively (42.9% vs. 62.0% at 4th week, 89.8% vs. 90.0% at 8th week, 93.9% vs. 94.0% at 12th week, 98.0% vs. 96.0% at 24th week, P > 0.05). Compared to baseline, scores for the items related to "desire" and "arousal" were significantly improved (P < 0.05), the level of the serum estradiol was significantly elevated [(50.3 ± 37.4) pg/L vs. (54.4 ± 10.8) pg/L before menopause, (18.4 ± 2.9) pg/L vs. (20.2 ± 3.1)pg/L after menopause, P < 0.05] and the level of the serum testosterone was significantly decreased [(722.8 ± 277.1) ng/L vs. (650.0 ± 156.0) ng/L before menopause, (841.2 ± 279.3) ng/L vs. (761.9 ± 197.8) ng/L after menopause, P < 0.05] in the F + I group, while scores for the items related to "sexual desire" and "lubrication" were statistically reduced (P < 0.01), the concentration of the serum estradiol was significantly reduced [(57.4 ± 9.7) pg/L vs. (51.1 ± 12.1) pg/L before menopause, (19.8 ± 2.3) pg/L vs. (17.8 ± 3.3) pg/L after menopause, P < 0.01] and the level of the serum testosterone was significantly increased [(775.6 ± 217.8) ng/L vs. (886.0 ± 186.4) ng/L before menopause, (812.5 ± 311.3) ng/L vs. (914.4 ± 300.2) ng/L after menopause, P < 0.01] in the F + M group. FSFI score was negatively correlated with age and systolic blood pressure levels.

CONCLUSIONfelodipine plus irbesartan or metoprolol for 24 weeks equally reduced blood pressure and the former regimen is superior to the latter on sexual function improvement in this patient cohort.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Biphenyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Felodipine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Metoprolol ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ; Tetrazoles ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo observe the clinicopathologic features of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), and to evaluate the values of langerin, CD1a and S-100 protein expression in diagnosis of the tumor.

METHODSTotal 258 cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the past 18 years (from 1992 to 2008) were collected, morphologic review and immunohistochemical staining were performed.

RESULTSIn all 258 cases, the ages of patients older than 16 years or younger than 2 years were 126 (48.8%) and 37 (14.3%), respectively, in the remaining 95 (36.8%) of the cases, the age of the patients ranged from 2 to 16 years. For all of 258 cases, there were 364 diseased sites. Bony lesions accounted for 77.2% (281 cases), especially the skull (112 cases, 39.9%), followed by lymph node (25 cases, 6.9%) and skin (14 cases, 3.8%). Clinically, unisystem or unifocal disease was predominant (201 cases, 77.9%), followed by unisystem and multifocal disease (21 cases, 8.1%), multi-system disease (26 cases, 10.1%), isolated pulmonary LCH (2 cases, 0.8%), and unclassified (8 cases, 3.1%). Histologically, variable number of Langerhans cells was present in 265 samples of 258 cases. Multinucleated giant cells were found in 166 (62.6%) of the samples. Eosinophils were the major infiltrating non-neoplastic cells, and eosinophilic abscess was seen in 57 cases (21.5%). Coagulative necrosis and dead bone were detected in 29 (10.9%) and 124 (46.8%) of the cases, respectively. Immunohistochemically, the expression of S-100 protein, CD1a and langerin was 99.1% (209/211), 100% (206/206) and 98.5% (193/196), respectively, and the sensitivity of them had no statistical difference.

CONCLUSIONSIn this group of LCH cases, the ratio of adult patients is high, but the proportion of multi-organ lesion is low. No significant difference of the sensitivity is found among langerin, CD1a and S-100 expression in diagnosis of LCH.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD1 ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophils ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant ; Langerhans Cells ; pathology ; Lectins, C-Type ; metabolism ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male ; Mannose-Binding Lectins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Skin ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult