Objective To apply MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to quantitatively analyze cervical spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (CSCIWORA). Methods 15 patients with CSCIWORA and 20 healthy controls were scanned with MRI of conventional scans and DTI. The fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured. Results FA and ADC of the patients were (0.475±0.109) and (1.438±0.252)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively. Whereas, they were (0.604±0.096) and (1.371±0.280)×10-3 mm2/s in the controls. Compared with the controls, the FA was less (P<0.05) in the patients, but the ADC was not significantly different (P=0.267). The fiber tracking (FT) showed the abnormality of white matter fiber tracts of cervical spinal cord in the patients. Conclusion DTI can detect the CSCIWORA, and FT can directly display the injuries of white matter fiber tracts of cervical spinal cord, which provide more information to evaluate the clinical severity of CSCIWORA.

Aim To investigate the effect of triptolide ( TP) on human colorectal cancer HCT116 cell prolif-eration and explore the potential mechanism of TP in treating colon cancer. Methods MTT assay was used for estimating the survival rates of HCT116 cells ex-posed to different concentrations and different duration time of TP. Western blot ( WB ) was used for testing the expression of LC3-Ⅱ. MDC staining was employed to detect cell autophagy. Flow cytometry ( FCM) was applied to test the effects of TP on cell apoptosis. Re-sults TP could inhibit cell proliferation in HCT116 cells. The expression of LC3-Ⅱwas enhanced with the increase of the concentration of TP after exposed to dif-ferent concentrations of TP for 48 h and the duration time of TP after exposed to 40 nmol·L-1 TP,and the number of acid autophagic vacuoles in HCT116 cells had increased, which was observed by fluorescence mi-croscope. The HCT116 cells apoptotic rates in TP group had decreased compared to control group and de-creased significantly compared to TP +3-MA group. The HCT116 cells apoptotic rates in TP group had in-creased compared to control group and increased signif-icantly compared to TP+RAPA group. Conclusion TP could inhibit the proliferation of human colon canc-er HCT116 cells and induce apoptosis in HCT116 cells, which indicates that synergy may exist between autophagy and apoptosis.

Objectives To screen the differentially expressed proteins in serum of population chronically exposed to arsenic in drinking water,thus to provide candidate protein biomarkers for arsenic exposure and arsenicosis.Methods Subjects were selected from the drinking water type of endemic arsenicosis areas in Shanxi province,China.Demographic characteristics,history of arsenic exposure,cigarette smoking,alcohol drinking,health and other information were collected using questionnaire.The subjects were divided into low-arsenic group (with arsenic in drinking water ＜ 10 μg/L),medium-arsenic group( 10 - 50 μg/L),high-arsenic group( ＞ 50 μg/L),and arsenicosis group(the drinking water with arsenic ＞ 50 μg/L was replaced by low arsenic water ＜ 10 μg/L).The number of cases in each group was 30.The arsenicosis patients were diagnosed according to “Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenism” (WS/T 211-2001 ).With the principle of informed consent,blood samples were collected.Differentially expressed serum proteins of different arsenic exposure groups and arsenicosis group were screened by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis(2-D DIGE),and further identified by mass spectrometry (MS).Results An average of (1299 ± 167) protein spots were identified in 6 gel images and 688 protein spots were discovered repeatedly in at least 5 gels.There were 33 protein spots differentially expressed among low-,medium- and high-arsenic groups P ＜ 0.01).Fifty four protein spots were significantly different among low-,medium-,high-arsenic exposure groups and arsenicosis group(P ＜ 0.01 ).Twenty five protein spots were selected for MS analysis,and13 protein spots were identified.Compared with low-arsenic group,the expressions of apolipoprotein A-Ⅳ,retinol binding protein,and estrogen receptor hypothalamic isoform in medium- and higharsenic exposure groups were down regulated,and the expressions of component 4A and 4B were up regulated.Compared with low-,medium- and high-arsenic groups,the expressions of beta-2-glycoprotein Ⅰ,Keratin 1,hemopexin,complement C1r subcomponent,and ficolin-3 in arsenicosis group were down regulated,and the expressions of pigment epithelial-differentiating factor,alpha-1-microglobulin and carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain were up regulated.Conclusions Chronic arsenic exposure can significantly change population's serum protein expression.Differentially expressed proteins in arsenicosis patients will not decline with the decline of arsenic in a short term.Whether or not the differentially expressed proteins identified in this study can be used as biomarkers for arsenic exposure and arsenicosis needs to be further verified.

OBJECTIVETo facilitate early recognition of ominous clinical manifestations, to understand pathophysiology and assess treatment effects in patients with severe enterovirus 71 (EV71) associated hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD).

METHODA retrospective analysis was performed based on the clinical records, laboratory data and treatment effects which were collected from twelve severe EV71 infected cases from nine hospitals in 2008, in Hubei province, China.

RESULTOf the 12 severe cases, ten (83.3%) were male and two female. The median age was 1.96 yrs (8 m to 7 yrs). The mean hyperthermic duration was 6 days with the peak temperature over 38.5 degrees C, and mean rash duration was 7 days. Fever and rash emerged simultaneously in 4 of 5 cases with cardiopulmonary failure. The severe complications included encephalitis (10 cases), pulmonary edema or hemorrhage (5 cases). Eleven cases were checked with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and four cases showed characteristics of encephalitis or meningitis, two with images of naso sinusitis and ethmoid-mastoid inflammation. Chest X-ray examination showed with pulmonary edema on single or both sides (5 cases), bronchitis (4 cases), and normal image (3 cases). There was no specific finding in the cardiac ultrasound and electrocardiogram in any of the patients, as well as the white blood cell count, blood glucose, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and D-dimer. Cerebrospinal fluid showed aseptic meningitis with the increase of cell count in 7 cases. All patients were treated with antibiotics and/or antivirals, such as cephalosporins, ribavirin etc. Eleven patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (total dose 2 - 4.5 g/kg) for 2 - 5 days, and the highest blood concentration of immunoglobulin was detected increasing at 7 g/L. Seven cases were also treated with methylprednisolone 10 - 30 mg/(kg x d), four with dopamine, dobutamine, or digitalis. In addition, by using continuous positive airway pressure by nasal catheter and maintenance of circulation in the cases with cardiopulmonary failure could not relieve the symptoms of dyspnoea, and mechanical ventilation was required to maintain for a mean of 72 hrs (24 - 96 hrs). Except one case died of pulmonary edema in the early stage, others were cured without sequelae.

CONCLUSIONSevere EV71 infection is more common in children younger than 3 years old, in which the profound complications include encephalitis and pulmonary edema. The mechanical ventilation should be critically urged for child with complicating cardiopulmonary failure as soon.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; Enterovirus Infections ; diagnosis ; therapy ; virology ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; diagnosis ; therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease,with the characters of degradation of articular cartilage, the formation of the joint marginal osteophyte and synovium lesions. Previous studies have focused on the treatment of articular cartilage lesions. In recent years, new research in shows synovial inflammation plays an important role in OA. Synovium lesions and synovial inflammation-related factors induced the degradation and destruction of articular cartilage, and promoted the development of osteoarthritis. The role of synovial lesions in osteoarthritis is increasingly prominent, and the treatment for synovial lesions will become a new target. So this paper reviews the various manifestations of synovial in osteoarthritis.
Humans ; Osteoarthritis ; pathology ; Synovial Membrane ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo compare the prognostic value of AJCC/UICC pN stage with metastatic lymph node ratio (MLR) and the prognostic difference between the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and tumor-ratio-metastasis (TRM) stage in patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction.

METHODSClinical data of 414 patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction undergoing curative resection at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2000 to June 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlations between pN, MLR and retrieved nodes. Univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis were performed to analyze the effects of pN, MLR, TNM and TRM stage on the prognosis of these patients. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was plotted to compare the value of these stages and to predict the 5-year survival rate.

RESULTSThe median number of retrieved nodes was 17 (4-71) per patient, and the median number of positive nodes was 4 (0-67) per patient. The number of metastatic lymph node was positively correlated with that of retrieved nodes (P<0.01), but MLR was not correlated with the number of retrieved nodes (P>0.05). Univariate and multivariate survival analysis showed that either pN or MLR could be used as an independent risk factor for survival (P<0.01) and the hazard ratio of MLR stage was larger than that of pN stage (1.573 vs 1.382). While pN and MLR were entered into the Cox hazard ratio model as covariates at the same time, MLR remained as the independent prognostic factor (P<0.01), but pN lost significance (P>0.05). The AUC of MLR and pN staging was 0.726 and 0.714, and of TRM and TNM staging was 0.747 and 0.736, respectively, however the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMLR is an independent prognostic factor for patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction. The value of MLR and TRM staging systems may be superior to pN and TNM staging systems in evaluating the prognosis of these patients.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects between felodipine plus irbesartan and felodipine plus metoprolol regimen on blood pressure and the sexual function in young and middle-aged hypertensive women.

METHODSIn this prospective, randomized, parallelized, controlled and fixed combined therapy trial, 99 female patients (aged 18 to 60) with grade 1 and grade 2 hypertension (BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg and < 179/109 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) were assigned to felodipine 5 mg q.d + irbesartan 150 mg q.d (F + I group, n = 49) and felodipine 5 mg q.d + metoprolol 47.5 mg q.d (F + M group, n = 50) group. Target blood pressure was < 140/90 mm Hg. The female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire, levels of serum estradiol and testosterone were assessed. Female sexual dysfunction was defined as a FSFI score of less than 25.5. Patients were followed up for 24 weeks.

RESULTSThe rate of achieving blood pressure goal between 2 groups was similar at the 4th, 8th, 12th and 24th weeks respectively (42.9% vs. 62.0% at 4th week, 89.8% vs. 90.0% at 8th week, 93.9% vs. 94.0% at 12th week, 98.0% vs. 96.0% at 24th week, P > 0.05). Compared to baseline, scores for the items related to "desire" and "arousal" were significantly improved (P < 0.05), the level of the serum estradiol was significantly elevated [(50.3 ± 37.4) pg/L vs. (54.4 ± 10.8) pg/L before menopause, (18.4 ± 2.9) pg/L vs. (20.2 ± 3.1)pg/L after menopause, P < 0.05] and the level of the serum testosterone was significantly decreased [(722.8 ± 277.1) ng/L vs. (650.0 ± 156.0) ng/L before menopause, (841.2 ± 279.3) ng/L vs. (761.9 ± 197.8) ng/L after menopause, P < 0.05] in the F + I group, while scores for the items related to "sexual desire" and "lubrication" were statistically reduced (P < 0.01), the concentration of the serum estradiol was significantly reduced [(57.4 ± 9.7) pg/L vs. (51.1 ± 12.1) pg/L before menopause, (19.8 ± 2.3) pg/L vs. (17.8 ± 3.3) pg/L after menopause, P < 0.01] and the level of the serum testosterone was significantly increased [(775.6 ± 217.8) ng/L vs. (886.0 ± 186.4) ng/L before menopause, (812.5 ± 311.3) ng/L vs. (914.4 ± 300.2) ng/L after menopause, P < 0.01] in the F + M group. FSFI score was negatively correlated with age and systolic blood pressure levels.

CONCLUSIONfelodipine plus irbesartan or metoprolol for 24 weeks equally reduced blood pressure and the former regimen is superior to the latter on sexual function improvement in this patient cohort.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Biphenyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Felodipine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Metoprolol ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ; Tetrazoles ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the awareness on sever acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and public health emergencies among general publics.

METHODSA cluster sampling method was implemented in Harbin and Jiagedaqi district of Daxinanling of Heilongjiang province. Research subjects were divided into three groups as city, township and rural areas and were given questionnaires to fill in. Data was analyzed with Epi-data and SPSS.

RESULTS2003 available questionnaires were collected. The general publics well understood the knowledge on public health emergencies and the SARS with the whole recognition rate more than 60 percent. During the epidemics, people in city, town and countryside were calm (71.7%). The rates of attitude towards the government were significantly different among the subjects living with the city, town or rural areas. The city group expressed the highest favor to the government and media, 71.8% of them gave the credit on the control of SARS to the effective method taken by the government and 65.0% of them showed that they had enough confidence on the governmental ability of dealing with crises while the countryside group trusted the hospitals and relative specialists the most.

CONCLUSIONIt is essential for the government to interact and communicate with the publics through media, medical and related institutions when confronting with the public health emergencies. Publicity on health knowledge and coping system on emergency should play key roles in the development of an effective public health system while the government should lead the battle.

China ; Data Collection ; Emergencies ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Public Health ; Rural Population ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; Urban Population

Objective:Clinical study in the treatment of common bile duct stones combined with ERCP and EST.Methods:the October 2014-2017 year in February for hepatobiliary surgery inour hospital after ERCP combined with LC in the treatment of patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis in 158 cases.According to ERCP postoperative LC interval difference divided into ERCP definite operation LC group(104 cases) and ERCP Elective operation LC surgery group(54 cases).The definite operation for ERCP LC group is LC line 24h-72h,another is the patients were givenLC for 3 months after ERCP.The clinical efficacy,LC operation time,hemorrhage,the gallstone is discharged into the bile duct,recurrent cholecystitis,bile leakage,length of stay and medical fee were compared between the two groups (ERCP definite operation LC group of single hospitalization time;ERCP Elective operation LC surgery group of two hospital hours together),average ERCP times,medical expenses.Results:all of the two groups were cured after operation.length of sta is long and medical expensive which was selected a time to do (P＜0.05).Conclusion:ERCP definite operation of LC group in the treatment of common bile duct stones and gallbladder stones surgery is safe,less medical expenses,hospitalization time is short,patients recover quickly,the burden is small.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of 11C-PD153035 as an EGFR imaging agent in C6 tumor-bearing rat.

METHODSThe tumor-bearing rats were generated by subcutaneous injection of glioma C6 cells. Positron emission tomography/computer tomography (PET/CT) scans started as soon as intravenous injection of 11C-PD153035 (15-20 MBq/0.3 ml) was completed, images were collected continuously. The region of interest (ROI) was used to study the percentage of radioactivity in major organs and implanted tumors in the rats. The accumulation and blocking study in vitro was completed.

RESULTSThere were significant differences in 11C-PD153035 uptake among major organs. The maximum uptake in the organs ranked in the following order: liver > gastrointestinal tract > kidney > lung > brain > muscle. Radioactivity could be also observed in the tumors. The radioactivity ratio (T/NT, target/non-target) peaked (4.15) at 40 - 50 min post injection. The in vitro blocking study showed that 11C-PD153035 uptaken by C6 cells could be blocked by PD153035.

CONCLUSIONThe results of this study show that 11C-PD153035 can be uptaken by EGFR-expressing tumors. 11C-PD153035 has a potential as a bioprobe to yield useful information for both diagnosis and therapy of tumors. However, the high concentration of 11C-PD153035 in the gastrointestinal tract is unfavorably affecting the tumor detection in these organs.

Animals ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; metabolism ; Glioma ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Quinazolines ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed