Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Neuron Disease ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome

Background and purpose:Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is a potent angiogenic mediator and angiogenesis has important effects on tumor growth and metastasis.The present study was to investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphism of VEGF and heredity risk factor of lung cancer.Methods:VEGF genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP method in 171 patients with lung cancer and 172 healthy controls.Software PHASE 1.0 was used to construct the haplotypes of every individual.Unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the statistical association of genotypes or haplotypes in the two groups adjusted by gender and age. Results:Individuals with at least one-2578A allele had a significantly decreased risk of lung cancer compared with those carrying-2578CC genotype.When the analyses were stratified by gender,the combined-2578 CA and AA genotype,were associated with a considerably reduced risk of lung cancer(P=0.001,OR=0.303,95%CI=0.15 3-0.601).The distribution of the two haplotypes(936C/-2578C and 936C/-2578A) among overall lung cancer cases was significantly different from that among the controls(P=0.016,0R=0.317,95%CI=0.124-0.809 and P=0.018,OR=0.547, 95%CI=0.331-0.903).When the cases were categorized by tumor histology,the distribution of C-C haplotype in the adenocarcinoma(AC) group was associated with a substantially lowered risk of AC(P=0.004,0R=0.237,95%CI=0.090- 0.627),compared with the reference haplotypes.Conclusion:VEGF polymorphism may be a critical risk for the genetic risk factor to lung cancer.

A reasonable method for the quality control of tablets of Ginkgo biloba leaves was established in this paper. The total flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones of G. biloba tablets were quantified by HPLC. Totally, 16 batches of the commercially available tablets of G. biloba leaves were determined. Among of them, 2 batches were unqualified in the content of total flavonol glycosides, and 3 batches were unqualified in the content of terpene lactones. A validated HPLC fingerprint method was established to evaluate the commercially available tablets of G. biloba leaves with the assistance of LC-MS. Sixteen batches showed the similarity of 0.763-0.989. There were 31 fingerprint chromatogram peaks were identified as flavonoids compositions by LC-MS. This provides a research idea for the quality control of tablets of G. biloba leaves.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Tablets ; chemistry

Objective Data mining method was used to analyze the Chinese herbal prescriptions for oral use in treating venomous snake bites collected from the major domestic literature databases and the surgery volume of Zhong Hua Yi Fang(Chinese Medical Prescriptions),so as to explore their potential prescription and medication rules,and to provide references for the treatment of venomous snake bites in the primary hospitals.Methods The Chinese herbal prescriptions for oral use in treating venomous snake bites were retrieved from the CNKI,VIP and Wanfang databases,and the ancient formulas for treating venomous snake bites were screened in the surgery volume of Zhong Hua Yi Fang(Chinese Medical Prescriptions).Excel software was used to extract the relevant information of the formulas,and R language was used to analyze the medication frequency,properties,flavors and meridian tropism of the herbs as well as their association rules and clustering analysis.Results A total of 187 prescriptions for oral use in treating venomous snake bite were obtained,involving 284 Chinese herbal medicines.The top 15 Chinese herbal medicines in decreasing sequence of medication frequency were Lobeliae Chinensis Herba,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Angelicae Dahuricae Radix,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Paridis Rhizoma,Rehmanniae Radix,Coptidis Rhizoma,Scutellariae Radix,Lonicerae Japonicae Flos,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Moutan Cortex,Hedyotis Diffusae Herba,Imperatae Rhizoma,Plantaginis Herba,and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba.The flavor of herbs in the prescription for the treatment of venomous snakebite was usually bitter,pungent and sweet,and their property was relatively cold.Most of the herbs had the meridian tropism of the liver meridian and lung meridian.The core prescription mainly composed of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Lobeliae Chinensis Herba,and Paridis Rhizoma was obtained after association rule analysis and cluster analysis.Conclusion The herbs for the treatment of venomous snake bites often have the actions of clearing heat and removing toxins,and the prescription is usually composed of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Lobeliae Chinensis Herba,Paridis Rhizoma together with the compatibility of medicines for clearing heat and cooling blood,extinguishing wind and arresting convulsion,clearing heat and promoting urination.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of GOLPH3 expression in cumulus granulosa cells on the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

METHODSA total of 119 women receiving ICSI due to male infertility at our center between April, 2012 and June, 2014 were enrolled in the study. Cumulus granulosa cells were collected from the women for detection of GOLPH3 expressions using immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, and real-time PCR. GOLPH3 expression rate was compared between women with and without clinical pregnancy following ICSI, and the associations of GOLPH3 expression with the laboratory indicators of ICSI outcomes were assessed.

RESULTSImmunocytochemistry showed that GOLPH3 expression was located mainly in in the plasma of the cumulus granulosa cells. The rate and intensity of GOLPH3 expression in the cumulus granulosa cells differed significantly between women with and without clinical pregnancy following ICSI (P<0.05). GOLPH3 expression was found to positively correlate with the numbers of punctured follicles, grade III oocyte cumulus complex, ICSI oocytes, fertilized oocytes, cleavage, high quality embryos, blastocysts, high quality blastocysts, and frozen embryos (all P<0.01). The results of RTPCR and Western blotting revealed significant differences in GOLPH3 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels in the cumulus granulosa cells between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups after ICSI (t=14.560, P=0.000). Western blot analysis revealed significant difference of GOLPH3 protein expression in cumulus granulosa cells between women with and without clinical pregnancy following ICSI.

CONCLUSIONGOLPH3 expression in the cumulus granulosa cells plays an important role in the development of oocytes and promotion of conception to affect the outcomes of ICSI.

AIMTo investigate the rates of prostate cancer (PCa) in radical cystoprostatectomy (RCP) specimens for bladder cancer in mainland China. To determine the follow-up outcome of patients with two concurrent cancers and identify whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a useful tool for the detection of PCa prior to surgery.

METHODSFrom January 2002 to January 2007, 264 male patients with bladder cancer underwent RCP at our center. All patients underwent digital rectal examination (DRE) and B ultrasound. Serum PSA levels were tested in 168 patients. None of the patients had any evidence of PCa before RCP. Entire prostates were embedded and sectioned at 5 mm intervals.

RESULTSIncidental PCa was observed in 37 of 264 (14.0%) RCP specimens. Of these, 12 (32.4%) were clinically significant according to an accepted definition. The PSA levels were not significantly different between patients with PCa and those without PCa, nor between patients with significant PCa and those with insignificant PCa. Thirty-four patients with incidental PCa were followed up. During a mean follow-up period of 26 months, two patients with PSA > 4 ng/mL underwent castration. None of the patients died of PCa.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of PCa in RCP specimens in mainland China is lower than that in most developed countries. PSA cannot identify asymptomatic PCa prior to RCP. In line with published reports, incidental PCa does not impact the prognosis of bladder cancer patients undergoing RCP.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; China ; epidemiology ; Cystectomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Incidental Findings ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; epidemiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo establish a pig model of chronic external counterpulsation.

METHODSTwelve pigs were anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (< or =30 mg/kg.b.w.) and 846 mixture (< or =0.1 ml/kg.b.w.) and counterpulsed in a lateral position for 2 h every two days (totally 36 h) with 0.025 to 0.04 MPa/cm(2) pressure.

RESULTSExternal counterpulsation was successfully completed in all the animals. Combined administration of sodium pentobarbital and 846 mixture resulted in good anesthetic effect with reduced anesthetic dosage and minimal side effect on the viscera (the liver, kidney and heart, etc).

CONCLUSIONThe pig model of chronic external counterpulsation has been successfully established. Combined use of sodium pentobarbital and 846 mixture is recommended for chronic external counterpulsation.

Anesthesia, General ; methods ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Assisted Circulation ; Counterpulsation ; methods ; Models, Animal ; Pentobarbital ; administration & dosage ; Swine

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic features of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) and to evaluate the usefulness of immunophenotype analysis in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the tumor.

METHODSA total of 40 cases of LPL with WM diagnosed according to the 2008 World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues were analyzed using immunophenotype and follow-up information.

RESULTSThe mostly common initial clinical presentations were non-specific symptoms, such as fatigue, anemia and hemorrhage. Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were found in 42.5%, 20.0% and 12.5% of the patients respectively. The pattern of bone marrow involvement included mixed type (47.2%), diffuse type (41.7%) and interstitial type (11.1%). The nodal architecture was completely destroyed in one case and partially effaced with residual germinal centers and dilated sinuses in 8 cases. All of the neoplastic cells expressed CD20 and CD79a. Neoplastic plasma cells were positive for CD138 and CD79a. No cases expressed CD5. Four cases weakly expressed CD23. No significant prognosis related factors were identified in the survival analysis.

CONCLUSIONSLPL with WM is a rare indolent small B-cell lymphoma, which is commonly seen, in older male patients. The tumor frequently involves bone marrow and shows various clinical manifestations. Combination analyses of the bone marrow biopsy histology, immunophenotypic study and clinical data, especially the serum examination are important for the diagnosis of LPL with WM.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Survival Rate ; Syndecan-1 ; metabolism ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the ASES, Constant and HSS score systems and their significance on postoperative function of the shoulder.

METHODSTotally 172 cases of proximal humeral fracture of five affiliated hospital from September 2004 to September 2008 were analyzed. All the functional outcome of the involved shoulder were evaluated by ASES, Constant, HSS score and patient self score. The correlations and agreement of three shoulder scales were analyzed with Pearson correlation test and Bland-Altman plot in different age groups and fracture types.

RESULTS(1) The Constant score were lower than other two scores in the same age group and fracture type (F = 13.62 and 4.80, P < 0.05). (2) The correlations between three shoulder scales: ASES and Constant (r = 0.754, P = 0.0003), ASES and HSS (r = 0.755, P = 0.0001), Constant and HSS (r = 0.858, P = 0.0002). The correlations between three shoulder scales and patient self evaluation: ASES (r = 0.602, P = 0.0002), Constant (r = 0.705, P = 0.0001), HSS (r = 0.663, P = 0.0037). The Bland-Altman plot shows three shoulder scales have good agreement. (3)The correlation between Constant score and patient self evaluation decreased in the elder group and severe fracture type.

CONCLUSIONSASES, Constant, HSS shoulder score systems are all fit to evaluate the functional outcome of the shoulder, they have good correlation and agreement. Constant score in recommended for its high correlation coefficient with patient self evaluation score. However, its age bias must be paid attention in clinical practice. ASES shoulder score can be used in remote follow-up.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Joint ; physiopathology ; Trauma Severity Indices ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the clinical features of femoral neck fractures and analyze related causes.

METHODSThe clinical data of patients with femoral neck fractures from June 2002 to August 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The gender, age, fracture side, fracture type, basic social data, activities before injury, injury causes and treatment were analyzed.

RESULTSA total of 219 patients (106 male and 113 female) was analyzed. All patients were divided into children group (age < 16 years), adult group (age ranged from 16 to 60 years) and older group (> 60 years). There were 5 patients (2.3%) in the children group, 81 patients (37.0%) in the adult group and 133 patients (60.7%) in the older group. There were 11 patients (5.0%) with Garden I fractures, 32 patients (14.6%) with Garden II fractures, 90 patients (41.1%) with Garden III fractures and 86 patients (39.3%) with Garden IV fractures. Fall damage and traffic injury were the main injury types. Home and public place were the main injury sites.

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of femoral neck fracture shows the highest in the old persons. The male patients with femoral neck fractures are more than female patients in children and adult group, while the male patients with femoral neck fractures are less than female patients in older group. The dominant fractures type according to Garden classification is Garden III fractures in children and adult groups, but Garden IV fractures in older group. Fall damage and traffic injury are the main injury types. Home and public place are the main injury sites.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult