Adenocarcinoma ; secondary ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cryptorchidism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Testicular Neoplasms ; secondary

Aim To investigate the effect of triptolide ( TP) on human colorectal cancer HCT116 cell prolif-eration and explore the potential mechanism of TP in treating colon cancer. Methods MTT assay was used for estimating the survival rates of HCT116 cells ex-posed to different concentrations and different duration time of TP. Western blot ( WB ) was used for testing the expression of LC3-Ⅱ. MDC staining was employed to detect cell autophagy. Flow cytometry ( FCM) was applied to test the effects of TP on cell apoptosis. Re-sults TP could inhibit cell proliferation in HCT116 cells. The expression of LC3-Ⅱwas enhanced with the increase of the concentration of TP after exposed to dif-ferent concentrations of TP for 48 h and the duration time of TP after exposed to 40 nmol·L-1 TP,and the number of acid autophagic vacuoles in HCT116 cells had increased, which was observed by fluorescence mi-croscope. The HCT116 cells apoptotic rates in TP group had decreased compared to control group and de-creased significantly compared to TP +3-MA group. The HCT116 cells apoptotic rates in TP group had in-creased compared to control group and increased signif-icantly compared to TP+RAPA group. Conclusion TP could inhibit the proliferation of human colon canc-er HCT116 cells and induce apoptosis in HCT116 cells, which indicates that synergy may exist between autophagy and apoptosis.

Mechanical environment seems to be one of the most important surviving environment for vessel conduit and vascular endothelial cells(ECs), while adhesion is one of the most important physical characteristics of ECs. In this study, Flow chambers of steady laminar and turbulent flow are made and improved. Different flow-derived VCAM-1, ICAM-1 expressions are detected by laser confocal microscope. Spacial and temporal curves of the adhesion molecules are protracted. In laminar flow, expression of VCAM-1 is dramatically elevated, whereas the expression of ICAM-1 is transiently elevated and it immediately falls back to the baseline. In turbulent flow, expression of VCAM-1 declines, while expression of ICAM-1 slowly rises to a peak. These results indicate that such pathological flow field as turbulence exerts different influence on the adhesion of vascular ECs from laminar flow, and turbulence could be one of the most important reasons of the ECs structural and functional lesion.
Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Stress, Mechanical ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of testosterone on GDNF(glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor) expression in rat ventral prostate.

METHODSTwenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 3 groups, group A(n = 8, sham operation, uncastrated controls), group B (n = 8, castrated), group C (n = 8, castrated and given testosterone undecanoate (TU) 50 mg/kg by intramuscular injection). Ventral prostate tissues removed from adult male rats at 3 days after operation were analyzed for the expression of GDNF mRNA by semiquantitative RT-PCR assay.

RESULTSThe ventral prostate tissues shrank remarkably in the castrated rats, and prostatic hyperplasia accurred in those that had received both castration and testosterone undecanoate. GDNF mRNA expressed in the normal rats ventral prostates, and the prostatic expression of GDNF mRNA decreased significantly at 3 days after castration(P < 0.05), but increased significantly (P < 0.05) in those that had received both castration and TU.

CONCLUSIONSThe gene expression of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor in the ventral prostate of rats is dependent on testosterone, and GDNF is involved in the growth of rat ventral prostate.

Animals ; Castration ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Prostate ; drug effects ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testosterone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

AIMTo investigate the ultrastructural changes of penile corpus cavernosum and tunica albuginea in rats treated with castration or finasteride.

METHODSEighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats of nine weeks old were randomly divided into three groups with 6 rats each. Group A served as the control, Group B was castrated and Group C, treated with finasteride. Four weeks later, rats were anesthetized and blood samples obtained for the determination of serum testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels; penile tissues were taken for scanning electron microscopy.

RESULTSThe T, free T and DHT levels in Group B and the DHT level in Group C were significantly lower than those in Group A (P<0.05). The tunica albuginea was significantly thinner in Group B than that in Group A (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between Group C and Group A (P>0.05). Elastic fibers in the tunica albuginea of Group A were very rich and arranged regularly and undulatedly, but in Group B, most of the elastic fibers were replaced by collagenous fibers. In Group C, the tunica albuginea was mainly composed of thick and irregular-arranged collagenous fibers. In Group A, there were abundant smooth muscle fibers in the trabeculae of corpus cavernosum, but they were much less in Group C and scarce or even disappeared in Group B. In Groups B and C, the diminished/disappeared smooth muscle fibers were replaced by irregularly arranged collagenous fibers.

CONCLUSIONIn rats, androgen is essential for maintaining the normal structure of penile tunica albuginea and corpus cavernosum.

Animals ; Dihydrotestosterone ; blood ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Finasteride ; pharmacology ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Orchiectomy ; Penis ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testosterone ; blood ; deficiency

OBJECTIVEThe B7-H1/PD-1 co-signaling pathway has recently been found to play a pivotal role in the immune evasion of tumor cells from host immune system. The aim of this study was to examine the B7-H1 and PD-1 expression and TILs status in gastric cancer and to elucidate the clinical relevance of B7-H1 and PD-1 to the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry and ANAE histochemical staining were used to investigate the in situ expression of B7-H1 and PD-1 and TILs status in the gastric tissues. RT-PCR was used to explore B7-H1 and PD-1 expression at the transcriptional level. The B7-H1 expression at protein level was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSExpression of B7-H1 and PD-1 was found to be increased in gastric carcinoma, but absent in normal gastric tissue. B7-H1 expression in gastric carcinoma was inversely correlated with TILs infiltration. B7-H1 but not PD-1 expression in tumor tissue was significantly correlated with some clinicopathhological variables including depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis.

CONCLUSIONB7-H1 and PD-1 expressions are increased in gastric carcinoma. This signaling pathway may inhibit antitumor immune responses in gastric carcinoma. B7-H1 expression plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of human gastric carcinoma,and might be a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target in the treatment of this disease.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; metabolism ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; B7-H1 Antigen ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; immunology ; pathology

Objective A new methodology was established to efficiently obtain the genotype of DNA remained on standard long gun. Methods Direct PCR and silicon membrane method were combined to detect DNA polymorphism of a total of 240 samples at 5 different positions from 48 standard long guns. Results Combining direct PCR and silicon membrane method, we obtained full DNA profiles in 42 out of 48 standard long guns, with a detection rate up to 87.50%. Conclusion The results demonstrate that the combination of direct PCR and silicon membrane method provide a quick and accurate way to detect DNA polymorphism on the standard long gun.

Objective To investigate the cognition and attitude toward integrating old-age care with medical services among the elderly,nurses from medical institutions and old-age care institution staffs,in order to provide references for developing implementation strategies of integrating old-age care with medical service.Methods The convenience sampling method was conducted,and 963 people.from 4 cities in Henan Province were enrolled in this survey from July to September 2016,including 599 elderly people,248 nurses from medical institutions and 166 old-age care institution staffs.All volunteers were investigated by using self-designed questionnaires.Results A total of 1 000 questionnaires were distributed,and 963 valid questionnaires were retrieved.The effective recovery rate was 96.3％.The cognition of integrating old-age care with medical service in all volunteers was low.There were differences in the needs of all nursing care services in the integrative old-age care and medical services,the needs of Chinese traditional medical care services were low.The highest demand of service capabilities was skills of coping urgent issues,while the lowest demand of service capabilities was education levels of care givers;the scores on evaluation of the two demands in the elderly were (4.803± 0.453) and (3.124± 1.246) points,those in the old-age care institution staffs were (4.819±0.468) and (2.698± 1.346) points,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion In the progress of promoting the integration of old-age care and medical services,it is necessary pay more attention on the promotion among non-urban elderly people,and improving living facilities as well as the quality of care services.Integrated management and hierarchical training for nursing professionals and old-age care institutions staffs should be carried out gradually.

A reasonable method for the quality control of tablets of Ginkgo biloba leaves was established in this paper. The total flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones of G. biloba tablets were quantified by HPLC. Totally, 16 batches of the commercially available tablets of G. biloba leaves were determined. Among of them, 2 batches were unqualified in the content of total flavonol glycosides, and 3 batches were unqualified in the content of terpene lactones. A validated HPLC fingerprint method was established to evaluate the commercially available tablets of G. biloba leaves with the assistance of LC-MS. Sixteen batches showed the similarity of 0.763-0.989. There were 31 fingerprint chromatogram peaks were identified as flavonoids compositions by LC-MS. This provides a research idea for the quality control of tablets of G. biloba leaves.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Tablets ; chemistry

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease,with the characters of degradation of articular cartilage, the formation of the joint marginal osteophyte and synovium lesions. Previous studies have focused on the treatment of articular cartilage lesions. In recent years, new research in shows synovial inflammation plays an important role in OA. Synovium lesions and synovial inflammation-related factors induced the degradation and destruction of articular cartilage, and promoted the development of osteoarthritis. The role of synovial lesions in osteoarthritis is increasingly prominent, and the treatment for synovial lesions will become a new target. So this paper reviews the various manifestations of synovial in osteoarthritis.
Humans ; Osteoarthritis ; pathology ; Synovial Membrane ; pathology