Humans ; Diabetic Retinopathy/pathology* ; Retina ; Diabetes Mellitus

PURPOSE: Microperimetry with the scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) allows precise point-to-point correlation between visual functions and retinal pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the retinal sensitivity in patients with diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: We divided 15 eyes into 3 study based on the severity of the diabetic retinopathy and 5 healthy eyes as a control. Twenty eyes of 20 patients were prospectively examined with static manual microperimetry using the SLO (Scanning laser microscope 101, Rodenstock, Munich, Germany) to compare the retinal sensitivity according to the severity of retinal pathology. RESULTS: We observed a generalized decrease in retinal sensitivity in diabetic retinopathy patients. There was a significant decrease in retinal sensitivity over 5degrees in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that the higher the degree of diabetic retinopathy, retinal sensitivity decreased. A decreased in retinal sensitivity was also observed with retinal hemorrhage, exudate and neovascularization. It may help in making management decisions in diabetic patients by offering sensitive parameters in addition to the visual acuity.
Diabetic Retinopathy ; Exudates and Transudates ; Humans ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Pathology ; Prospective Studies ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retinaldehyde* ; Visual Acuity

The vitreal hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy has ordinarily been managed by two kinds of action according to the ophthalmologist's decision since two decades ago medical(observation) and surgical(vitrectomy). Recently, there are reports of the peripheral retinal cryotherapy in the literatures suggestingthat it would be a new adjunct in the therapeutic modalities. In 12 eyes(11 patients) of diabetic vitreal hemorrhage, the peripheral retinal cryotherapy was perfonned and the clinical course of its effect, fate of vitreal blood was follwed-up for 5 to 27 months(mean 14.7 months). 7 of 12 eyes (58.3%) were cleaned of blood within 6 months. Recurrence of hemorrhge was experienced in 3 eyes (25%). All eyes were also managed by photocoagulation at the other time and in four of unresorbing 5 eyes, the vitrectomy was perfonned months later. The vision was improved in 2 eyes, unchanged in 4 eyes and worsened in 6 eyes with proven ocular pathologies.
Cryotherapy* ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Hemorrhage ; Light Coagulation ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Retinaldehyde* ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Carotid Artery Diseases/*pathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*pathology ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peripheral Arterial Disease/*pathology

PURPOSE: To determine the correlation between renal dysfunction and the morphologic changes of macular edema in diabetes. METHODS: The current study included 93 patients with diabetic macular edema based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) who completed systemic condition testing one month before or after the OCT. Based on the OCT findings, patients were divided into the following five groups: group A (diffuse), group B (cystoid), group C (serous), group D (vitreomacular tractional), and group E (a mixed presence of cystoid and serous types). In each group, we performed a retrospective analysis of serum albumin, urine albumin, and serum creatinine. We also analyzed the patients in whom serum albumin was <3.0 mg/dL and serum creatinine was >1.6 mg/dL. Urine albumin was measured in all five groups. In each group, a comparative analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: The number of patients who were assigned to groups A to E was 15, 46, 6, 3, and 23, respectively. According to a comparison of the patients in whom the serum albumin and serum creatinine were abnormal, there was no significant difference among the five groups. The proportion of patients in whom the urine albumin was abnormal was significantly greater in group C (67%) than in groups A (7%), B (20%), or E (22%). CONCLUSIONS: Serous-type macular edema occurred more frequently than other types of macular edema in patients with albuminuria.
Aged ; Diabetic Nephropathies/*pathology ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Macular Edema/*classification/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; *Tomography, Optical Coherence

PURPOSE: To determine the correlation between renal dysfunction and the morphologic changes of macular edema in diabetes. METHODS: The current study included 93 patients with diabetic macular edema based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) who completed systemic condition testing one month before or after the OCT. Based on the OCT findings, patients were divided into the following five groups: group A (diffuse), group B (cystoid), group C (serous), group D (vitreomacular tractional), and group E (a mixed presence of cystoid and serous types). In each group, we performed a retrospective analysis of serum albumin, urine albumin, and serum creatinine. We also analyzed the patients in whom serum albumin was <3.0 mg/dL and serum creatinine was >1.6 mg/dL. Urine albumin was measured in all five groups. In each group, a comparative analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: The number of patients who were assigned to groups A to E was 15, 46, 6, 3, and 23, respectively. According to a comparison of the patients in whom the serum albumin and serum creatinine were abnormal, there was no significant difference among the five groups. The proportion of patients in whom the urine albumin was abnormal was significantly greater in group C (67%) than in groups A (7%), B (20%), or E (22%). CONCLUSIONS: Serous-type macular edema occurred more frequently than other types of macular edema in patients with albuminuria.
Aged ; Diabetic Nephropathies/*pathology ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Macular Edema/*classification/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; *Tomography, Optical Coherence

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of multifocal electroretinograms (mf-ERG) of different phases in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its clinical significance.

METHODSMultifocal electroretinograms in patients with DR (I - II stage) were tested with VERIS IV system.

RESULTSIn I - II stage, the absolute values of N1, P1 and N2 response densities, and the N1-P1 and P1-N2 response densities were attenuated is a field of about 45 degrees in diameter.

CONCLUSIONAs a new objective and quantitative examination for spatial visual function, multifocal electroretinograms may be valuable in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.

Aged ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Electroretinography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retina ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Time Factors

PURPOSE: To investigate the advantages of ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography (FA) over the standard fundus examination in the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: Ultrawide-field FAs were obtained in 118 eyes of 59 diabetic patients; 11 eyes with no DR, 71 eyes with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and 36 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), diagnosed by the standard method. The presence of peripheral abnormal lesions beyond the standard seven fields was examined. RESULTS: Ultrawide-field FA images demonstrated peripheral microaneurysms in six (54.5%) of 11 eyes with no DR and all eyes with moderate to severe NPDR and PDR. Peripheral retinal neovascularizations were detected in three (4.2%) of 71 eyes with NPDR and in 13 (36.1%) of 36 eyes with PDR. Peripheral vascular nonperfusion and vascular leakage were found in two-thirds of eyes with severe NPDR and PDR. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrawide-field FA demonstrates peripheral lesions beyond standard fields, which can allow early detection and a close evaluation of DR.
Aged ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography/*methods ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retina/*pathology

PURPOSE: To report the early postoperative macular change in uncomplicated phacoemulsification cataract surgery. METHODS: A retrospective study of 36 consecutive eyes of 36 patients, who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery and OCT, preoperatively and postoperatively was made. In 16 eyes from group 1, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy without macular edema was present before the cataract surgery. In the other 20 eyes (group 2), no systemic or ocular pathology was present . RESULTS: The mean +/- standard deviation (SD) follow up after cataract surgery was 4 +/- 1 weeks in each group. In group 1, the mean +/- SD retinal thickness increased from 201 +/- 14 micro meter preoperatively to 243 +/- 22 micro meter 3 hrs after cataract surgery (P=0.38). In group 2, the mean +/- SD retinal thickness increased from 212 +/- 10 micro meter preoperatively to 246 +/- 24 micro meter 3 hrs after cataract surgery (P=0.55). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that uncomplicated phacoemulsification cataract surgery has no immediate influence on retinal thickness.
Cataract* ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Pathology ; Phacoemulsification ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence*

Diabetic Retinopathy ; complications ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells ; pathology ; Risk Factors