OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to determine whether the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODSA meta-analysis was performed to detect the potential association of the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM under dominant, recessive, co-dominant (homogeneous and heterogeneous), and additive models.

RESULTSA total of eight articles including 10 case-control studies, with a total of 2932 cases and 2679 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The significant association between the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM was observed in the dominant model (GG + GA versus AA: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.05-1.40, P = 0.009), recessive model (GG versus GA + AA: OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.07-1.356, P = 0.010), homozygous model (GG versus AA: OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.06-1.56, P = 0.001), and additive model (G versus A: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.08-1.29, P = 0.001), and marginally significant in the heterozygous model (GA versus AA: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.98-1.36, P = 0.080). In subgroup analyses, significant associations were observed in the Chinese population under four genetic models excluding the heterozygous model, whereas no statistically significant associations were observed in the Japanese population under each of the five genetic models.

CONCLUSIONThe meta-analysis demonstrated that the G allele of the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism could be a susceptible risk locus to T2DM, mainly in the Chinese population, while the association in other ethnic population needs to be further validated in studies with relatively large samples.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Humans ; Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics* ; Rural Population ; Case-Control Studies ; Obesity/genetics* ; China/epidemiology* ; Receptors, Calcitriol

OBJECTIVETo explore MDOY1 gene mutations in pedigrees of early-onset familial type 2 diabetes.

METHODSWe collected 100 early-onset type 2 diabetes pedigrees in Beijing, in which the probands were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes before the age of 40 years with at least one first-degree relative having such a diagnosis before the age of 45 years. PCR was employed to amplify all the exons and exon/intron splice sites of MDOY1 gene and the PCR products were sequenced to identify the DNA variants.

RESULTSTwo DNA variants in the noncoding region including IVS1C +44A>T and IVS2 -5C>T were identified, and 3 mutations in the coding region we identified M49V, T130I, and S462S were found in these pedigrees.

CONCLUSIONCurrently no sufficient evidence has been obtained to identify the variation in or near MDOY1 genes as the major cause of early-onset type 2 diabetic in Chinese population.

Adult ; Age of Onset ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics of type 2 diabetes in twins in Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), provide clues and evidence for revealing the influence of genetic and environmental factors for type 2 diabetes. Methods: Of all twins registered in the CNTR during 2010-2018, a total 18 855 twin pairs aged ≥30 years with complete registration information were included in the analysis. The random effect model was used to describe the population and area distribution characteristics and concordance of type 2 diabetes in twin pairs. Results: The mean age of the subjects was (42.8±10.2) years, the study subjects included 10 339 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs and 8 516 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. The self-reported prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes was 2.2% in total population and there was no sighificant difference between MZ and DZ. Intra-twin pairs analysis showed that the concordance rate of type 2 diabetes was 38.2% in MZ twin pairs, and 16.0% in DZ twin pairs, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The concordance rate of type 2 diabetes in MZ twin parts was higher than that in DZ twin pairs in both men and women, in different age groups and in different areas (P<0.05). Further stratified analysis showed that in northern China, only MZ twin pairs less than 60 years old were found to have a higher concordance rate of type 2 diabetes compared with DZ twin pairs (P<0.05). In southern China, the co-prevalence rate in male MZ twin pairs aged ≥60 years was still higher than that in DZ twin pairs (P<0.05). Conclusion: The twin pairs in this study had a lower self-reported prevalence of type 2 diabetes than the general population. The study results suggested that genetic factors play a role in type 2 diabetes prevalence in both men and women, in different age groups and in different areas, however, the effect might vary.
Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics* ; Diseases in Twins/genetics* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Registries ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and its relation to HCV genotypes, and to confirm whether diabetes is an exohepatic manifestation of CHC.

METHODSSandwich hybridization microplate assays and fluorescence quantification PCR technology were used to detect HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HCV genotypes of 308 chronic hepatitis C patients and 305 chronic hepatitis B patients. The incidence of diabetes in these patients was compared and analyzed with that in 310 controls.

RESULTSThe incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C was 32.79%, higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis B (9.84%) and in the control group (8.39%). Serum levels of ALT and TBIL in hepatitis C patients with diabetes were higher than those without diabetes. Infection rate of HCV 1b in hepatitis C patients with diabetes was the highest (40.59%), and when compared with that of those without diabetes the difference was very significant.

CONCLUSIONIncidence of diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C is high, especially those infected with HCV 1b, and the liver functions of these patients are more severely damaged.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; virology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of HCV genotypes of Han and Korean in Yanbian area of Jilin Province.

METHODSThe HCV RNA load and genotypes of the 119 chronic hepatitis C patients in Yanbian area of Jilin Province were determined by real-time PCR and LiPA. The differences of the HCV genotypes in Han and Korean cases, in severity of the diseases, in HCV-RNA load, and in the relation with type 2 diabetes mellitus were analyzed.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the distribution of each HCV genotype between Han and Korean patients (P > 0.05) with chronic hepatitis C. The difference between HCV genotype and HCV-RNA load was not significant (P > 0.05). With and without type 2 diabetes mellitus in these patients. The distribution of HCV genotype was also not significantly different (P > 0.05). The type 1b of HCV genotype in the moderate to severe chronic hepatitis C patients accounted for 58.06%. It was different compared with mild chronic hepatitis C patients (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION1) The type 1b is the most popular HCV genotype in Yanbian area of Jilin Province, type 2a is the second and there are still a few other genotypes. 2) There is no significant difference in the distribution of HCV genotypes between Han and Korean cases. 3) The HCV genotypes has nothing to do with the load of HCV-RNA. 4) The distribution of HCV genotypes in chronic hepatitis C patients with and without diabetes mellitus is not significantly different. 5) Type 1b of HCV infection is relatively severe.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Korea ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between the inheritable factor and environmental factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans.

METHODSA case-control study based on 154 type 2 diabetes mellitus and 130 healthy controls was carried out in Jiangsu Province in 1997.

RESULTSThe age, family history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension history, high waist/hip ratio (WHR), high systolic blood pressure, huge fetus history, and the genotype of beta(3)-adrenergic receptor (beta(3)-AR) were the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus; while occupational physical activity was protective factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The risk for diabetes mellitus distinctly increased while genetic factor and obesity, beta(3)-AR mutation were coexisting.

CONCLUSIONType 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by the effect of both genetic and environmental factors.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Obesity ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo examine the significance of individual risk on diabetes to subjects who underwent diabetes screening.

METHODS2003 asymptomatic diabetes subjects with high-risk factors of diabetes as family history, obesity, hypertension, and/or dyslipidemia, fetal giant history were screened. 5362 subjects having no risk factors but from the same community were allocated as controls.

RESULTSThere were 131 (6.54%) diabetes identified in the screening group and 1547 (77.23%) subjects having 1 risk factor, 387 (19.27%) having 2 risk factors, 70 (3.49%) having 3 or more risk factors. There were 96 (1.79%) diabetes identified in the control group. Compared with control group, the OR (95% CI) value was 2.68 (2.20-3.25) after adjusted on age among the high risk group. The OR value of those having 1 risk factor was 2.89, but these having 3 or more risk factors increased to 4.68.

CONCLUSIONThe relation between the risk of high-risk group with diabetes and the number of risk factors of diabetes presented positive correlation. Early and regular screening for diabetes was essential in these individuals with high-risk factors.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; Family Health ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; epidemiology ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoking

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the polymorphism of solute carrier family 30, member 8 (SLC30A8) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Uyhgur in Xinjiang and further analyze the interaction between SLC30A8 gene polymorphism loci and smoking.

METHODSA case control study, including 1 000 patients with T2DM and 1 010 non-diabetic controls, was conducted in Xinjiang. All the subjects were Uygur and the age difference between the two groups was within 3 years. Physical examination and blood biochemical detection were performed to obtain personal clinical parameters. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of SLC30A8 of all the subjects was tested by using MALDI-TOF. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 16.0. Bootstrap method was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals of RERI, AP and S.

RESULTSAfter adjusting BMI, SBP, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C, rs13266634 of SLC30A8 gene genotype frequency and allele frequency distribution had statistical differences (P<0.05). Rs13266634 of risk allele were C, OR was 1.194 (95% CI: 1.044-1.366). In addition, the data from genotype distribution analysis under different models showed that significant association between rs13266634 and T2DM in dominant model, OR was 1.640 (95% CI 1.072-2.510). The product of rs13266634 with the active smoking or passive smoking had no statistical significance (P>0.05) , indicating there were no multiplication interaction among them. Additive interactions index of RERI, AP and S and its 95% confidence interval of rs13266634 and active smoking, rs13266634 and passive smoking were 0.301 (-1.314-0.712), 0.204 (-0.854-0.446), 0.612 (0.186-2.013) and 0.125 (-0.805-1.055), 0.052 (-0.353-0.456), 1.096 (0.500-2.403) respectively, indicating there were no significant additive interaction among them.

CONCLUSIONRs13666334 of SLC30A8 gene is associated with the susceptibility of T2DM in Uygur, and its protective genotype might be TT. Passive smoking might increase the risk of T2DM in Uygur.

Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; Zinc Transporter 8

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in type 2 diabetes mellitus pedigrees.

METHODSA total number of 4468 subjects (including spouses) from 715 type 2 diabetic pedigrees were selected in this study. Complete laboratory data including blood pressure, lipid profile and plasma glucose, were collected. All subjects who were not defined as diabetic were valued by oral glucose tolerance test. MS was diagnosed according to the definition proposed by the China Diabetes Society (CDS) in 2004.

RESULTS(1) The prevalence of MS was 23.86% in diabetic pedigrees, and subsequently increased in second-degree relatives, spouses, first-degree relatives and probands. (2) The prevalence rates of 'at least' 1 metabolic abnormality in first-degree relatives, second-degree relatives and spouses were 80.10%, 59.76% and 70.30%, respectively. (3) Ratios on non-metabolic abnormality, 1 - 2 metabolic abnormality and MS were 19.90%, 55.02% and 25.08% in first-degree relatives, 40.24%, 50.82% and 8.94% in second-degree relatives, 29.70%, 53.31% and 16.99% in spouses, respectively. (4) Among the first-degree relatives, the common manifestation of metabolic abnormality was dyslipidemia for subjects aged below 40 years, and hyperglycemia for subjects aged over 40 years of age. (5) The prevalence of MS in first-degree relatives was higher in males than in females for subjects aged below 60 and it was higher in females than in males for subjects aged over 60.

CONCLUSIONThere was significant familial aggregation of MS found in our study. The first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients were high risk populations, suggesting that early recognition and prevention were important issues to be carried out.

Adult ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; epidemiology ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; epidemiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Prevalence