OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to determine whether the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODSA meta-analysis was performed to detect the potential association of the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM under dominant, recessive, co-dominant (homogeneous and heterogeneous), and additive models.

RESULTSA total of eight articles including 10 case-control studies, with a total of 2932 cases and 2679 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The significant association between the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM was observed in the dominant model (GG + GA versus AA: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.05-1.40, P = 0.009), recessive model (GG versus GA + AA: OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.07-1.356, P = 0.010), homozygous model (GG versus AA: OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.06-1.56, P = 0.001), and additive model (G versus A: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.08-1.29, P = 0.001), and marginally significant in the heterozygous model (GA versus AA: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.98-1.36, P = 0.080). In subgroup analyses, significant associations were observed in the Chinese population under four genetic models excluding the heterozygous model, whereas no statistically significant associations were observed in the Japanese population under each of the five genetic models.

CONCLUSIONThe meta-analysis demonstrated that the G allele of the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism could be a susceptible risk locus to T2DM, mainly in the Chinese population, while the association in other ethnic population needs to be further validated in studies with relatively large samples.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Humans ; Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics* ; Rural Population ; Case-Control Studies ; Obesity/genetics* ; China/epidemiology* ; Receptors, Calcitriol

OBJECTIVETo explore MDOY1 gene mutations in pedigrees of early-onset familial type 2 diabetes.

METHODSWe collected 100 early-onset type 2 diabetes pedigrees in Beijing, in which the probands were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes before the age of 40 years with at least one first-degree relative having such a diagnosis before the age of 45 years. PCR was employed to amplify all the exons and exon/intron splice sites of MDOY1 gene and the PCR products were sequenced to identify the DNA variants.

RESULTSTwo DNA variants in the noncoding region including IVS1C +44A>T and IVS2 -5C>T were identified, and 3 mutations in the coding region we identified M49V, T130I, and S462S were found in these pedigrees.

CONCLUSIONCurrently no sufficient evidence has been obtained to identify the variation in or near MDOY1 genes as the major cause of early-onset type 2 diabetic in Chinese population.

Adult ; Age of Onset ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics of type 2 diabetes in twins in Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), provide clues and evidence for revealing the influence of genetic and environmental factors for type 2 diabetes. Methods: Of all twins registered in the CNTR during 2010-2018, a total 18 855 twin pairs aged ≥30 years with complete registration information were included in the analysis. The random effect model was used to describe the population and area distribution characteristics and concordance of type 2 diabetes in twin pairs. Results: The mean age of the subjects was (42.8±10.2) years, the study subjects included 10 339 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs and 8 516 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. The self-reported prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes was 2.2% in total population and there was no sighificant difference between MZ and DZ. Intra-twin pairs analysis showed that the concordance rate of type 2 diabetes was 38.2% in MZ twin pairs, and 16.0% in DZ twin pairs, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The concordance rate of type 2 diabetes in MZ twin parts was higher than that in DZ twin pairs in both men and women, in different age groups and in different areas (P<0.05). Further stratified analysis showed that in northern China, only MZ twin pairs less than 60 years old were found to have a higher concordance rate of type 2 diabetes compared with DZ twin pairs (P<0.05). In southern China, the co-prevalence rate in male MZ twin pairs aged ≥60 years was still higher than that in DZ twin pairs (P<0.05). Conclusion: The twin pairs in this study had a lower self-reported prevalence of type 2 diabetes than the general population. The study results suggested that genetic factors play a role in type 2 diabetes prevalence in both men and women, in different age groups and in different areas, however, the effect might vary.
Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics* ; Diseases in Twins/genetics* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Registries ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and its relation to HCV genotypes, and to confirm whether diabetes is an exohepatic manifestation of CHC.

METHODSSandwich hybridization microplate assays and fluorescence quantification PCR technology were used to detect HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HCV genotypes of 308 chronic hepatitis C patients and 305 chronic hepatitis B patients. The incidence of diabetes in these patients was compared and analyzed with that in 310 controls.

RESULTSThe incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C was 32.79%, higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis B (9.84%) and in the control group (8.39%). Serum levels of ALT and TBIL in hepatitis C patients with diabetes were higher than those without diabetes. Infection rate of HCV 1b in hepatitis C patients with diabetes was the highest (40.59%), and when compared with that of those without diabetes the difference was very significant.

CONCLUSIONIncidence of diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C is high, especially those infected with HCV 1b, and the liver functions of these patients are more severely damaged.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; virology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between the inheritable factor and environmental factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans.

METHODSA case-control study based on 154 type 2 diabetes mellitus and 130 healthy controls was carried out in Jiangsu Province in 1997.

RESULTSThe age, family history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension history, high waist/hip ratio (WHR), high systolic blood pressure, huge fetus history, and the genotype of beta(3)-adrenergic receptor (beta(3)-AR) were the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus; while occupational physical activity was protective factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The risk for diabetes mellitus distinctly increased while genetic factor and obesity, beta(3)-AR mutation were coexisting.

CONCLUSIONType 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by the effect of both genetic and environmental factors.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Obesity ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo examine the significance of individual risk on diabetes to subjects who underwent diabetes screening.

METHODS2003 asymptomatic diabetes subjects with high-risk factors of diabetes as family history, obesity, hypertension, and/or dyslipidemia, fetal giant history were screened. 5362 subjects having no risk factors but from the same community were allocated as controls.

RESULTSThere were 131 (6.54%) diabetes identified in the screening group and 1547 (77.23%) subjects having 1 risk factor, 387 (19.27%) having 2 risk factors, 70 (3.49%) having 3 or more risk factors. There were 96 (1.79%) diabetes identified in the control group. Compared with control group, the OR (95% CI) value was 2.68 (2.20-3.25) after adjusted on age among the high risk group. The OR value of those having 1 risk factor was 2.89, but these having 3 or more risk factors increased to 4.68.

CONCLUSIONThe relation between the risk of high-risk group with diabetes and the number of risk factors of diabetes presented positive correlation. Early and regular screening for diabetes was essential in these individuals with high-risk factors.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; Family Health ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; epidemiology ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoking

OBJECTIVETo study the association of polymorphisms in the potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily,member 1(KCNQ1) gene with type 2 diabetes in Chinese population from Jiangsu province.

METHODSSubjects consisting of 2925 cases and 3281 controls were enrolled from a community based cohort study of type 2 diabetes in Wuxi in 2007 and a community based cross-sectional survey on chronic non-communicable disease in Nantong in 2009. Epidemiological questionnaire survey and physical examinations were conducted and 10 h overnight fasting blood samples of 5 ml were drawn for all subjects.Genotypes were determined by TaqMan OpenArray Genotyping System and i-PLEX Sequenom MassARRAY platform. The relationship between KCNQ1 gene polymorphism and risk of type 2 diabetes after adjustment for age,sex and body mass index (BMI) was analyzed.

RESULTSThe C allele of rs2237897, rs2237892 and rs2237895 at KCNQ1 increased the risk of type 2 diabetes with adjusted OR (95%CI) value being 1.41(1.30-1.54), 1.35(1.24-1.47), 1.22(1.12-1.33) respectively (all P value < 0.05) under the additive genetic model after adjusted by age,sex and BMI. Stratification analyses in additive genetic model showed that the C allele of rs2237897 increased the risk of type 2 diabetes in subgroups stratified by age ( ≤ 56 years and > 56 years), sex (females and males), BMI (< 24 kg/m(2) and ≥ 24 kg/m(2)) with OR (95%CI) value being 1.39(1.22-1.59), 1.43(1.28-1.60), 1.40(1.26-1.55), 1.44(1.26-1.66), 1.48(1.33-1.66), 1.34(1.17-1.53) respectively (all P value< 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPolymorphisms of rs2237897, rs2237892 and rs2237895 in the KCNQ1 gene were associated with occurrence of type 2 diabetes among Jiangsu province population.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; KCNQ1 Potassium Channel ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

INTRODUCTIONDiabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major health problems worldwide. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of DM and its associated risk factors in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODSThis cross-sectional study was performed in 3 cities in the central part of Iran on participants over the age of 19 years. Sampling was conducted by multi-stage randomised cluster method. Initially, a questionnaire consisting of demographic information, drug intake and smoking status was filled out. Later, a physical examination was performed, including the measurement of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Fasting blood sample was drawn and analysed for sugar, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and 2-hour postprandial glucose. A fasting blood sugar (FBS) of >126 mg/dL or a 2-hour plasma glucose of over 200 mg/dL was considered an indication of diabetes. The impaired glucose tolerance test (IGTT) was defined with 2-hour plasma glucose of 140 to 200 mg/dL and FBS <126 mg/dL. The collected data were analysed with Student's t-test, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThis study was performed on 12,514 subjects (48.9% males and 51.1% females). The total prevalence of DM was 6.7% and 5.3% in urban and rural areas and 5.4% and 7.1% in males and females, respectively. The mean blood glucose rose with age in both sexes, and blood glucose was higher in females and in urban areas. IGTT, known and new DM heightens as age increased and more than half of the diabetes cases in all age groups were newly diagnosed. The mean blood pressure, age, BMI, waist circumference and serum lipids were higher in people with DM and IGTT especially in females. Obesity, a family history of DM, high blood pressure, high WHR and ageing were associated with a higher probability of DM, but sex had no effect on this probability.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONConsidering the high prevalence of DM in the central regions of Iran, providing vast educational programme to prevent this disease is essential and screening FBS tests, especially for obese subjects and those with a family history of DM, should be taken into account.

Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; epidemiology ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Iran ; epidemiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo analyze the association of variants of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF-1alpha) gene with type 2 diabetes in Chinese population.

METHODSIn 152 unrelated type 2 diabetes patients and 93 unrelated controls, eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified and genotyped. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate whether these SNPs were associated with diabetes status in our samples.

RESULTSIn the individual SNP study, no SNP differed significantly in frequency between type 2 diabetes patients and controls. In the haplotype analysis, two haplotype blocks were identified. In haplotype block 1, no evidence was found between common HNF-1alpha haplotypes and type 2 diabetes. However, in haplotype block 2, a common haplotype GCGC formed by four tagging SNPs (tSNPs) was found to be associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 0.6011, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4138-0.8732, P = 0.0073, empirical P = 0.0511, permutation test). A similar trend was also observed in the diplotype analysis, indicating that the increasing copy number of the haplotype GCGC was associated with the decreased frequency of diabetes (P = 0.0193).

CONCLUSIONThe results of this study provide evidence that the haplotype of HNF-1alpha decreases the risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese individuals.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Haplotypes ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha ; genetics ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide