Objective:To study the biological characteristics of new retrograde filling materials iRoot BP plus and iRoot FS.Methods:(1 )The roots were cut into 3 mm in length,and the root canals were pre-pared to 1 mm in diameter,followed by being filled with iRoot BP plus,iRoot FS,or mineral trioxide ag-gregate (MTA).The specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF).The ability of minerali-zation in vitro was detected through three studies.First,the mineralization of specimens was analyzed through scanning electron microscope observations and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer.Then,the pH of SBF was monitored using pH meter.(2)The extracts were gained by immersing blocks of iRoot BP plus,iRoot FS,and MTA (8 mm diameter and 2 mm height)into dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM).The effects of the extracts on proliferation of MG63 cells were detected through MTT assay. The gene expression level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and the expression of ALP activity was observed by ALP activity staining.Results:(1 )The formation of minerals could be observed on the surfaces of iRoot BP plus,iRoot FS,and MTA at the end of 24 h,and there were more amounts of apatite aggregated after 14 days.The values of Ca/P ratios of apatites were 1.43,1.39,and 1.51,respectively.(2)The pH of SBF could be raised to 8.09 ±0.07,7.91 ± 0.06,and 8.1 1 ±0.06,respectively,significantly higher than the blank.(3)The extracts of iRoot BP plus,iRoot FS,and MTA of dilutions of 1∶5 and 1∶10 presented no effect of proliferation of MG63 cells. (4)iRoot BP plus and iRoot FS could significantly up-regulated the levels of ALP messenger RNA ex-pression,while there was no obvious difference in ALP staining among the iRoot BP plus,iRoot FS, MTA,and the blank.Conclusion:The present study shows that iRoot has displayed good mineralization capability in vitro and capability to promote differentiation and mineralization of MG63 cells,inferring that iRoot may have good bioactivity.

A rapid analytical method for the determination of dezocine and pethidine in hair samples using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was established.After cleaned hair was extracted by grinding with methanol and ultrasonic, the final solution was analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS.The targets were gradient eluted on a Waters Acquity BEH C18 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) column with 0.1% formic acid-water and methanol as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min.The ESI+ ion source and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) were used to select the qualitative and quantitative ion pairs of dezocine and pethidine.Dezocine and pethidine showed good linearity in the range of 0.01-8 ng/mg, with the limit of detection of 0.005 ng/mg and the LOQs of 0.01 ng/mg.The accuracy, precision, matrix effect, extraction recovery, and stability all met the requirements.The established method is simple, rapid, and accurate for the qualitative and quantitative determination of dezocine and pethidine in hair, which can be applied in the case analysis of dezocine and/or pethidine abuse.

Objective The CYP19 gene product enzyme aromatase mediates the conversion of the androgen testosterone to es -tradiol.The aim of this study is to investigate whether the CYP19A1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with the susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and serum hormone levels. Methods We conducted a case-controlled study, which included 373 PCOS patients and 313 healthy controls.We genotyped SNP rs2899470 in the subjects using the polymerase chain re-action-restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP) method and analyzed the frequencies of genotypes and alleles as well as the association of different genotypes with age , menarchal age, body mass index (BMI), and serum levels of hormones. Results The gen-otypic distributions of rs2899470 GG, TG, and TT in the PCOS women were 44.5%, 49.6%, and 5.9%, respectively, significantly dif-ferent from 39.3%, 48.6%, and 12.1%in the healthy controls (P=0.013).The frequency of the G allele was 69.3%in the former, remarkably higher than 63.6%in the latter (P=0.025).The rs2899470 genotypic frequencies were associated with the serum E 2/T lev-els in the PCOS patients. Conclusion SNP rs2899470 in the CYP19A1 gene is associated with the susceptibility to PCOS , and so is the genotype of rs2899470 with serum E2/T levels, which may be attributed mainly to the reduced activity of aromatase .

Background Clinical effectiveness of intavitreal injection of glucocorticosteroid for macular edema has been verified,especially triamcinolone acetonide(TA).However,the efficacy and safety of combination of TA with macular laser grid photocoagulation for macular edema is concerned. Objective This clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of TA combined with macular laser grid photocoagulation in the treatment of macular edema. Methods A case-cohort study was designed.One hundred and twenty eyes of 120 patients with macular edema from diabetes or retinal vein occlusion were included in this study.The patients were randomized into trial group and control group,with the matched age,course,visual acuity,intraocular pressure (IOP).The patients of the trial group received intravitreal injection of TA combined with macular laser grid photocoagulation,and those of the control group were managed with macular laser grid photocoagulation only.Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA),optical coherence tomography(OCT),fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and IOP were examined before TA injection and 1 week,1 month,3 months,6 months after treatment and compared among different time points between two groups.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering this trial. Results Compared with TA injection before,the BCVA was significantly elevated in the trial group 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after TA injection( all P=0.000),however,no obvious improvement of visual acuity was found in the control group before and after treatment at any time point (P＞0.05 ).At various time points,the visual acuity was significantly improved in the trial group than the control group (P =0.037,0.000,0.002,0.046 ).Macular thickness was significantly decreased at various time points after TA injection in comparison with before TA injection in the trial group(all P=0.000),but no significant change in macular thickness in the control group between before and after treatment at any time point( P＞0.05 ).Macular thickness was lower in the trial group compared with the control group at various time points after treatment ( P＜0.05 ).Recurrence of macular edema was seen in 7 eyes ( 1 1.67％ ) 4-6 months,and the IOP raise( ＞21 mmHg)was found in 11 eyes( 14.1％ )after TA injection in the trial group.Conclusions Intravitreal injection of TA combined with macular laser grid photocoagulation can be an effective method in the treatment of macular edema.However,recurrence of macular edema or increase of IOP may occur in a few patients within 6 months after TA injection.A long-term follow-up should be performed for the evaluation of efficacy and safety after intravitreous injection of TA.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical manifestation and diagnosis of ganglioneuroma in spine and investigate the clinical effect of surgical treatment.

METHODSThe clinical data of 6 patients underwent a surgery for ganglioneuroma in spine from January 2008 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 2 females, aged from 2 to 63 years old with an average of 34.6 years. The courses of disease were from 3 days to 17 years. Five patients complicated with superficial hypesthesia in correlative level of tumor, and the muscle strength under tumor plane had decreased at different levels, with the strength of grade II-IV. Two cases complicated with hypermyotonia and positive bilateral Hoffmann's and Babinski sign. Five cases were sporadic lesion in correlative spinal canal and one case complicated with the giant occupying lesion in thoracic cavity.

RESULTSSix operations had been performed including 5 en bloc and 1 subtotal resection. Postoperative pathological results showed tumor cells scattered or fasciculated inserted into Schwann cells in the stroma. In 2 patients complicated with radiculalgia before operation, 1 case was relieved and 1 was invariant after operation. All 4 patients with preoperative dyscinesia in the limbs obtained improvement after operation. All the patients were followed up from 0.3 to 6.8 years with an average of 2.5 years. At the final follow-up, according to ASIA grade, 5 cases were good and 1 case was invariant. During the follow-up, only 1 patient experienced chemoradiation because of merging ganglioneuroblastoma and receiving subtotal resection. No recurrence in other 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONGanglioneuroma is a benign and rare tumors in spine. Clinically, radicular pain and sensory-motor disorders are the main manifestations. Its diagnosis depends on pathological examination. Prognosis of surgical treatment is good.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioneuroma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

Bel1, a transactivator of prototype foamy virus (PFV), plays pivotal roles in the replication of PFV. Previous studies have shown that Bel1 bears a nuclear localization signal (NLS), but its amino acid sequence remains unclear and the corresponding importins have not been identified. In this report, we inserted various fragments of Bel1 into an EGFP-GST fusion protein and investigated their subcellular localization by fluorescence microscopy. We found that the 215PRQKRPR221 fragment could direct nuclear localization, which accords with the consensus sequence K(K/R)X(K/R) of monopartite NLS. Point mutation experiments revealed that K218, R219, and R221 are essential for the nuclear localization of Bel1. The results of the GST-pulldown showed that the Bel1 fragment with residues 215-223, which bears the NLS, interacts with KPNA1, KPNA6, and KPNA7. This result suggests that KPNA1, KPNA6, and KPNA7 maybe involved in Bel1 nuclear translocation.
Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Humans ; Nuclear Localization Signals ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Transport ; Retroviridae Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Retroviridae Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Spumavirus ; chemistry ; genetics ; physiology ; Trans-Activators ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; alpha Karyopherins ; genetics ; metabolism

Congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD) is an important factor that contributes to obstructive azoospermia and male infertility. The etiology of CAVD is associated with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and defects in the Wolffian duct, and frequently complicated by renal agenesis and other urogenital abnormalities. Physical examination may reveal nonpalpable scrotal vas deferentia, while vasography intrinsic vasal absence. Ultrasound and computerized tomography (CT) can rule out the abnormalities of the upper urinary tracts and the seminal vesicles. Although it is difficult to cure the disease, it is now possible for CAVD patients to father children with the help of assisted reproductive technology (ART). The present review is focused on the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of CAVD.
Cystic Fibrosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; etiology ; Male ; Mesonephros ; abnormalities ; Urogenital Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Vas Deferens ; abnormalities

Objective To study the effects of Weibimei and its Chinese medicine portions(cortex frangulae, fennel powder, acorus tatarinowii, glycyrrhizae and asparagus) on cell cycle regulation in gastric cancer cells and growth inhibition in gastric cancer Xenografts.Methods Gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were normally cultured and treated with Weibimei, extractum glycyrrhizae, cortex frangulae, fennel powder, acorus tatarinowii and asparagus.Then, the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells were detected by MTT assay, their effect on SGC-7901 cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry, and the expression of cell cycle related proteins were examined by Western blot.Animal models of SGC-7901 cells xenografts in nude mice were constructed to evaluate the growth inhibition effects of Weibimei and its Chinese medicine portions, and the expression of STAT3,p-STAT3, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Survivin in gastric tumors were detected by immunohistochemical assays.Results Weibimei and its three kinds of Chinese medicine portions, cortex frangulae, fennel and acorus tatarinowii could obviously inhibit the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells, compared to control group, with a statistical significant difference (P<0.05).The cell cycle of SGC-7901 was arrested at G1 phase with cortex frangulae, fennel and acorus tatarinowii treatment, the expression of Cyclin A, B, D, E were decreased significantly (P<0.05).However, no significant effects was found in glycyrrhizae or asparagus group.Xenografts tumor sizes in Weibimei, cortex frangulae, fennel or acorus tatarinowi groups were much smaller than that in saline group or Triple Therapy group (three-kinds-drugs-combination for the treatment of gastric ulcer) (P<0.05).Xenografts experiments showed that the tumor growth in nude mice in Weibimei, cortex frangulae, fennel or acorus tatarinowi groups were significantly smaller than that in control group or in Triple Therapy Group (P<0.05), and phosphorylated STAT3, and STAT3 signaling targeted genes, including Bcl-2, Cyclin D1 and Survivin were all significantly down-regulated by immunostaining.Conclusion Weibimei and its Chinese medicine portions including cortex frangulae, fennel and acorus tatarinowii can could significantly inhibit the growth of SGC-7901 cells proliferation and arrested the cell cycle of G1 phase in vitro, and inhibit gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice in vivo.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to laparotomy.Methods In 1020 LC patients,36 patients with conversion of LC to laparotomy were chosen as the case group,108 patients with successful LC were chosen as the control group.Univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate regression model were used to analyze the risk factors for conversion of LC to laparotomy.Results Age ＞ 65 years (0R=3.234,95％ CI:0.532-6.853),course of disease ＞ 72h (OR =2.342,95％ CI:0.568 ～ 5.656),history of upper abdominal operation (OR =2.453,95％ CI:0.345-7.453),thickness of gallbladder wall ≥ 6 mm (OR =2.453,95％ CI:0.453-6.343),white bloodcell count ＞ 15.0 × 109/L (OR =4.532,95％ CI:0.535-8.329) were risk factors for conversion of LC to laparotomy.Conclusion Preoperative comprehensive evaluation the risk factors and selecting suitable program have important clinical significant in reducing the rate of conversion LC to laparotomy.

Objective To observe the effect of Rule Granules on the breast tissue pathology,ovarian hormone and receptor expression of mammary glands hyperplasia rats; To explore its mechanism of action. Methods The model of mammary gland hyperplasia was established by intramuscular injection of estradiol benzoate for 20 days and intramuscular injection of progesterone for 5 d. 66 female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, including blank group, model group, acupuncture group, TCM high-, medium- and low-dose groups, with 11 rats in each group. Acupuncture group chose group A (Wuyi, Hegu, on both sides, Tanzhong) and group B (Tianzong, Ganshu, Zusanli, on both sides), and the two groups were used alternately, one group per day. TCM groups received 1.1 g/mL, 0.55 g/mL,and 0.11 g/mL dose of Rule Granules for gavage,once a day.Abdominal aorta blood was collected after continuous treatment of 30 d. The contents of serum E2and P were detected through ELISA method, at the same time, the second left side of the breast was removed. The changes of the breast tissue was observed under light microscope, and the ER and PR positive expression was observed by SABC immunohistochemical method. Results Compared with the blank group, hyperplasia of mammary gland in the model group rats was more obvious, and serum E2, ER and PR positive expression of integral increased significantly (P<0.01), but the content of P decreased significantly (P<0.01); compared with the model group, hyperplasia of mammary gland was improved in all treatment groups, and serum E2, ER and PR positive expression of integral decreased significantly (P<0.05); the content of P in acupuncture group increased significantly (P<0.01), and the acupunture group and TCM low-dose group were the most obvious. Conclusion Rule Granules can effectively improve hyperplasia of mammary gland organization structure in rats caused by exogenous estrogen and progesterone, with TCM low-dose group and acupuncture group having the best efficacy. Its mechanism is related to reducing the contents of serum E2and ER, and PR positive expression in breast tissue, and increasing the content of serum P.