Humans ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Quinolones ; therapeutic use ; Respiratory System Agents ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the efficacies of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) surgery in the treatment of patients with different body mass indexes (BMI) and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods The clinical data of 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent LRYGB surgery at the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2013 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different BMI,8 patients with BMI ＜ 27.5 kg/m2 were allocated into group 1,14 patients with BMI≥27.5 kg/m2 and ＜32.5 kg/m2 in group 2 and 18 patients with BMI≥32.5 kg/m2 in group 3.Forty patients were followed up via telephone interview and food habits questionnaire by weight loss file managers of Shengjing Hospital and the fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University.All the patients received the reexamination of blood test and data collection at postoperative year 1.The preoperative and postoperative 1-year fasting plasma glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1 c),BMI and C-peptide were collected and detected.The fasting plasma glucose ＜ 7.00 mmol/L and HbA1 c ＜ 7.00％ were used as a standard of complete remission.Count data and comparison of rates were analyzed using the chi-square test.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s and analyzed by the t test.Skew distribution data were described as M (range) and analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank sum test.Repeated measurement data were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA.Results Forty patients received successful LRYGB surgery without perioperative complications,and were followed up for 1 year at the Shengjing Hospital (23 patients),the fourth Affiliated Hospital (8 patients) and other hospitals (9 patients).Of the 40 patients,85.0％ (34/40) of patients had no postoperative long-term obvious malnutrition,anastomotic stenosis,ion disorders and digestive tract dynamic obstacles,15.0％ (6/40) of patients were not adapted to the change of life habits such as frequent nausea and vomiting.Five patients with different degrees of frequent vomiting,abdominal pain and night heartburn within postoperative 1 month had the remission of synptoms after symptomatic treatment.One patient in group 2 had a symptom of hypertonic coma due to intake of oral high-sugar drinks at postoperative 1 week and then was cured by hospitalization.The fasting plasma glucose,HbA1c and BMI in group 1 from preoperation to postoperation were decreased from 11.07 mmol/L (range,6.00-17.00 mmol/L) to 7.18 mmol/L (range,6.00-15.00 mmol/L),from 8.85％ (range,6.00％-11.00％) to 6.35％ (range,6.00％-9.00％) and from 26.0 kg/m2 (range,22.0-27.0 kg/m2) to 22.2 kg/m2 (range,20.0-25.0 kg/m2),with significant differences (F =2.413,3.256,6.750,P ＜ 0.05).C-peptide from preoperation to postoperation was decreased from 1.20 nmol/L (range,1.00-3.00 nmol/L) to 1.07 nmol/L (range,1.00-2.00 nmol/L),with no significant difference (F =1.678,P ＞ 0.05).The remission rate of diabetes in group 1 was 3/8.The fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c in group 2 from preoperation to postoperation were decreased respectively from 10.73 mmol/L (range,7.00-19.00 mmol/L) to 5.89 mmol/L (range,5.00-9.00 mmol/L) and from 8.00％ (range,6.00％-15.00％) to 5.85％ (range,5.00％-8.00％).The BMI from preoperation to postoperation was decreased from 31.0 kg/m2 (range,29.0-32.0 kg/m2) to 25.5 kg/m2 (range,21.0-29.0 kg/m2),with significant differences in the above 3 indexes (F =5.449,4.008,-3.296,P ＜ 0.05).C-peptide from preoperation to postoperation was decreased from 1.53 nmol/L (range,1.00-5.00 nmol/L) to 1.52 nmol/L (range,1.00-6.00 nmol/L),with no significant difference (F =-0.251,P ＞ 0.05).The remission rate of diabetes in group 2 was 10/14.The fasting plasma glucose,HbA1c and BMI in group 3 from preoperation to postoperation were decreased from 9.44 mmol/L (range,5.00-16.00 mmol/L) to 6.65 mmol/L (range,4.00-15.00 mmol/L),from 7.90％ (range,6.00％-11.00％) to 6.45％ (range,5.00％-9.00％) and from 36.9 kg/m2 (range,33.0-47.0 kg/m2) to 27.7 kg/m2 (range,23.0-34.0 kg/m2),with significant differences (F =-3.027,-3.410,-3.724,P ＜ 0.05).C-peptide from preoperation to postoperation was decreased from 2.91 nmol/L (range,0.00-9.00 nmol/L) to 2.13 nmol/L (range,0.00-6.00 nmol/L),with no significant difference (F =-3.724,P ＞ 0.05).The remission rate of diabetes in group 3 was 14/18.There was no significant difference in the remission rate of diabetes of 3 groups (x2 =4.460,P ＞ 0.05).There were significant differences in the changing trends of fasting plasma glucose and BMI among the 3 groups (F =3.200,22.500,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the changing trends of HbA1c and C-peptide among the 3 groups (F =0.720,1.640,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion LRYGB surgery is feasible for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with effectively decreasing fasting glucose,and should be performed on patients with BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 instead of patients with BMI ＜ 27.5 kg/m2 according to a correlation of blood glucose control and preoperative BMI.

Objective To investigate the clinical-pathological feature of careinoma showing thymus-like dif- ferentiation(CASTLE) of the thyroid. Methods The clinical data, histopathologie changes and immunohistoche- mical findings were studied in 1 case of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation of the thyroid with review of the related literature. Results The age of the patient was 38 years old. The clinical manifestation displayed a pain- less mass in the thyroid. On ultrasound the tumor appeared hypoechoic. Histologically the tumor cells were arranged in nests and islands accompanied by desmoplasfie strorna. The architecture thus showed a superficial resemblance to the lobulation seen in thymic carcinomas. The tumor was characterized by squamoid or syheytial-appearing cells with lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. Nuciec were oval, pale to versicular, and had small distinct nudeoli. Immunohistoche- mically the tumor cells were positive for CK, CD5, CD117 but neyative for TG, Calcitonin, SYN, NSE, TTF- 1, EBV. Conclusion CASTLE is a very rate a carcinoma thyroid with architectural resemblance to thymic epithelial tumors. The immunophenolype of CASTLE is identical with that of thymie carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Based on the characteristics of cartilage tissue, such as consisting of single type of cells, the cartilage cells or chondrocyte, absence of blood vessel, rather low consumption level of oxygen and nutrition, low level of allo-immunocompetence and simple function in vivo, it seems to be easy for cartilage cell lines to be established for tissue and cell transplantation. We want to set up a cell line with the purpose of current use in tissue engineering in vitro. It will provide the basis for artificial tissue and organ that will become to be standardized and yielded in batch.OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential stimulatory effects of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and insulin on the proliferation and differentiation in primary culture mice chondrocytes in vitro. The effect and application of the cell factors will be evaluated for tissue engineering.DESIGN: A grouping controlled and repeated trial was conducted with the cells as the subjects.SETTING: Key laboratory of tissue transplantation and immunology of a college.MATERIAIS: The experiment was completed in the Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University from November 2002 to May 2003. Cultured cartilage cells at random were obtained as the study objects.METHODS: Mice cartilage cells were cultured in medium at the minimum concentrations of serum. The effects of different concentration of bFGF and insulin on the proliferation and differentiation in mice cartilage cells were observed with WST1 and immunofluorescence staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary results: ① Effect of bFGF on proliferation of primary cultured mice cartilage cells. ② Effect of insulin on proliferation of primary cultured mice cartilage cells. Secondary results:morphological observation of cartilage cells RESULTS: Primary cultured mice cartilage cells were cultured in medium at the minimum concentration of serum(4 g/L fatal bovine serum). It was found that bFGF and insulin might play an important role on the proliferation and growth of mice cartilage cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, morphological observation of cartilage cells showed that both bFGF and insulin not only promoted the proliferation of the cells but also enhanced the matrix secretion of cartilage cells.CONCLUSION: Both bFGF and insulin can stimulate the proliferation of cartilage cells in vitro.

OBJECTIVE Toinvestigatethedifferenceofcytotoxiceffectsofhydroxycamptothecin(HCPT)onhuman lungcancercelsA549andhumanembryolungfibroblastcelsMRC-5.METHODS A549celsandMRC-5celswere treated with HCPT 20-200 μmol·L-1 for 24,48 and 72 h,or pulse treated with HCPT 50-400 μmol·L-1 for 24 h along with 5 d release.cellsurvival was detected by MTT assay.Morphological changes for both types of cells were observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope.cellcycle and apoptosis in both cells treated with HCPT 50 μmol·L-1 for 48 h weredeterminedbyflowcytometry.RESULTS HCPT20-200μmol·L-1inhibitedthesurvivalofbothcelsinaconcen-tration-dependent manner and more cytotoxicity was observed in A549 cells for 48 h.The concentration-effect correlation coefficient(r)of HCPT in A549 and MRC-5 cells for 48 h was 0.898 (P=0.015)and 0.996 (P=2.56E-5)respectively. The inhibition rates were significantly different between A549 and MRC-5 cells with treatment of HCPT 20,50,80,1 00, 1 60 and 200 μmol·L-1 for 48 h (P<0.05).The IC50 of HCPT on A549 and MRC-5 cells was (24.00 ±0.69)μmol·L-1 and (1 23.63 ±3.89)μmol·L-1 respectively,indicating that A549 cells were 5-fold more sensitive to HCPT than MRC-5 cells at 48 h.After exposure to HCPT 50 μmol·L-1 for 48 h,some A549 cells were rounded up and shrank dramatical y, and some cells underwent membrane blebbing or lysing while MRC-5 cells had no obvious changes.cellcycle and apop-tosis analysis showed that A549 cells were arrested at both S and G2/M phases and apoptosis occurred but MRC-5 cells were just arrested at S phase.In the recovery growth curve,the growth of A549 cells was inhibited to a larger extent than MRC-5 cells and the growth retardation stil existed for 24 h in both cells.The survival of MRC-5 cells was faster than that ofA549cels,althoughtherewasnocompleterecoveryineithercel.CONCLUSION A549celsaremoresensitiveto HCPT than MRC-5 cells due to the fact that HCPT induces cellcycle arrest at both S and G2/M phases and apoptosis in A549 cells,but only triggers S phase arrest in the MRC-5 cells.

Objective To explore the deficiency of upper limb movement in children with autism and its related factors. Methods 30 au-tism children aged 7-13 years old, and 30 healthy children aged 7-8 years from February to May, 2014 were enrolled. Their range of motion, comprehensive strength and cooperation, endurance, and muscular tension were tested. Results All the indexes of autism children lagged be-hind the healthy children (P<0.01), expect the muscular tension of the right upper limb (P>0.05). The endurance of boys was better than girls (P=0.020), and there was no difference in other aspects between them (P>0.05). The type of autism for more upper limb movement cor-related with obstruction of Jianjing acupoint (GB21) (r=0.515, P=0.013), and was significantly different with the type of less limb move-ment (χ2=8.533, P=0.003). Conclusion Compared with healthy children, the joint motion is relatively flexible, but lack of strength, and with poor persistence and unbalance development between left and right upper limbs. Motor rehabilitation should be conducted according to their movement features and the condition of meridian.

This study was aimed to explore differential effects of various sections of the velvet antler on promoting cell proliferation in vitro. The NRK-49F cell line from rat kidney fibroblasts was used as the cell model. The cell proliferation rates of the water extracts from the upper, middle and lower section of fresh velvet antler were measured by the MTT method. BCA method was used in the detection of protein concentration. The SDS-PAGE method was used in the analysis of difference composition of the sample protein. The results showed that soluble protein content of the upper, middle and lower section were 17.89, 16.04 and 6.89 mg·mL-1, respectively. From the top to the base, the soluble protein content of velvet antler was decreased. After 24 h treatment, when the protein concentration of the upper and middle section samples of the velvet antler were 800 μg·mL-1 and 600 μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which were 66.76% and 64.36%, respectively. And when the lower section sample of the velvet antler was 1 000 μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which was 58.87%. After 48 h treatment, when the upper and middle section samples of the velvet antler were 800μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which were 219.56% and 215.86%, respectively. And when the lower section sample of the velvet antler was 1 000 μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which was 169.20%. The velvet antler on the proliferation of cells was much better than the 10% fetal bovine serum. The figure of SDS-PAGE showed the slight difference in the protein composition of three part of the velvet antler. It was concluded that all samples had promoting effects on cell proliferation with concentration-depen-dent, and the main protein in different part of the velvet antler had minor differences.

Objective To evaluate 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in detecting occult malignancy in patients with suspected paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS).Methods Twenty consecutive patients who underwent PET/CT scanning with the indication of suspected PNS were retrospectively reviewed.The gold standard of PNS was either cytology or clinical follow-up, and the final diagnosis was compared with PET/CT findings.Results Of the 20 patients, six were PNS.PET/CT detected nine cases.Six were true positive and three were false positive.The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of PET/CT were 100% (6/6), 78.57% (11/14), 85.00% (17/20),66.7% (6/9) and 100.00% ( 11/11 ) respectively.The treatment plan was modified based on the PET/CT results in 4 patients.Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT may play a role in detecting the underlying malignancy of PNS.It is also valuable in staging of the malignancy thus providing information for therapy decision making.

This study aimed at unfolding the therapeutic effects of freeze-dried powder separated from Shuang Xia decoction (SXD) on female senile drosophila melanogaster with fragmented sleep.Taking drosophilas as the model organisms,the locomotor activity was monitored using the autonomic monitoring software to explore the regulation of fragmented sleep in senile drosophilas by the treatment of SXD.As a result,it was found that the optimum concentration of SXD was 2.50％,while the desirable therapeutic duration was 4 days.In comparison with the control group,35-day-old virgin drosophilas'sleep was prolonged in the SXD group and the positive control group.The positive drug mainly affected their sleep in the daytime,while SXD impacted their sleep at night featuring the prolonged fragmented sleep.In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the freeze-dried powder of SXD effectively alleviated intermittent insomnia in the female senile drosophilas.Compared with positive drug,SXD also mitigated intermittent insomnia at night without significant changes in the sleep of the drosophilas in the daytime.Above all,SXD was beneficial in the regulation of sleep-wake rhythm in the drosophilas.

Objective To observe the efficacy of different degrees of portal vein ligation on portal pressure and liver regeneration of the unligated lobe in rats.Methods Seventy-two healthy male SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:group A (sham,n =24);group B (n =24) undergoing 70％ portal vein ligation;group C (n =24) undergoing 90％ portal vein ligation.And then the portal pressure and liver regeneration rate (HRR) of the unligated lobe were detected immcdiately and postoperatively at each observation time point in each group.The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),hepatic proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were compared at each observation time point,and the histological changes were observed by HE staining.Results The HRR of the unligated lobe in group B and group C increased obviously postoperatively at each time point,and the HRR in group C was significantly higher than that in group B [(220.1 ± 4.3) ％,(246.3 ± 5.6) ％,(261.4 ±2.3)％ vs (128.2 ±3.7)％,(143.4 ±8.7)％,(150.7 ±7.0)％,P＜0.05].The serum ALT and AST increased obviously on day 1 and then gradually declined,and the serum ALT and AST in group C was significantly higher than those in group B on day 1 [(821.7 ± 158.3) U/L,(1 372.0 ± 376.2) U/L vs (398.6 ± 80.4) U/L,(860.4 ± 80.0) U/L,P ＜ 0.05].The immediate portal pressure in both groups were obviously increased postoperatively and then gradually declined,and the portal pressure in group C was higher than that in group B at each observation time point [(23.5 ± 1.1)cmH2O,(18.8 ±0.9)cmH2O,(17.8±1.0)cmH2O,(16.6 ±1.0)cmH2O,(15.9±1.3)cmH2O vs (17.4 ±1.0)cmH2O,(16.5 ±1.2)cmH2O,(15.3±1.0)cmH2O,(10.2±1.2)cmH2O,(10.0±1.1)cmH2O,P＜0.05].ThePCNA index in group C was higher than that in group B on day 1 and3 [(21.5 ±1.1)％,(28.2±1.3)％ vs (12.8 ± 2.1) ％,(18.8 ± 1.9) ％,P ＜ 0.05].More foca1 necrosis of the unligated lobe were observed in group C on day 1,which were more than those in group B.Conclusion Higher degree of portal vein ligation could cause higher portal pressure,which leads to the greater regeneration of the unligated lobe.