Objective:To set up a method for simultaneously determining the content of notoginsenoside R1 , ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in compound Huanggen granules ( sugar free) . Methods:The HPLC method was carried out on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm)column. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 ml· min-1 . The detection wavelength was at 203 nm. The column temperature was set at 25℃ and the sample size was 10 μl. Results:The linearity of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 was within the range of 1. 6-10. 0 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 6), 6. 3-39. 3 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8) and 6. 3-39. 7 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 7), respectively. The average recovery was 98. 81%(RSD=1. 20%),99. 93%(RSD=0. 93%) and 99. 22%(RSD=0. 87%)(n=6) , respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple, repro-ducible and specific, which can be used in the quality control of the preparation.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy of Felodipine sustained-release tablets(Ⅱ)in the treatment of elderly es-sential hypertension and its improvement effect on arterial elasticity,left ventricular remodeling and the quality of life. METHODS:A total of 96 elderly patients with essential hypertension in our hospital during Aug. 2014-Dec. 2015 were divided into observation group (50 cases) and control group (46 cases) according to random number table. Observation group was given Felodipine sus-tained-release tablets(Ⅱ)5 mg orally,qd,with empty stomach in the morning;control group was given Irbesartan tablets 150 mg, qd,with empty stomach in the morning. Both groups received treatment for 12 weeks. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed as well as 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP),indexes of arlerial elasticity [carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (CR-PWV),carot-id-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV)], indexes of left ventricular remodeling [diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVST),diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LPWT),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVIDd)] before and after treatment. The physiological function (PF),social function (SF),role-physical (RP),body pain (BP),mental health (MH),role-emotional(RE),vitality(VT)and general health(GH)score of SF-36 were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment. The occurrence of ADR was compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in total response rate be-tween 2 groups (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in 24 hABP,CR-PWV,CF-PWV,IVST,LPWT,LVIDd,SF-36 score between 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of 24 hSBP,24 hDBP and 24 hMAP in 2 groups were decreased significantly,and 24 hSBP and 24 hMAP of observation groups were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in 24 hDBP (P>0.05). The levels of CR-PWV,CF-PWV, IVST and LPWT in observation group were decreased significantly,and the levels of CR-PWV and LPWT in control group were also decreased significantly. The levels of CR-PWV,CF-PWV,IVST,LPWT and LVIDd in observation group were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). SF-36 scores of 2 groups were increased significantly,and the scores of BP,VT,MH and GH in observation group were significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in scores of PF,SF,RP and RE. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR be-tween 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Felodipine sustained-release tablets(Ⅱ)exhibit significant effect and small blood pres-sure fluctuation in the treatment of elderly essential hypertension,and can improve the quality of life with good safety.

ObjectivesTo present the current condition of non-invasive ventilation in newborns in the last ifve years in China, to describe the probable research trends of this ifeld, and to provide the possible research directions in future.Methods Using co-word analysis, the keywords “neonate” and “non-invasive ventilation” were searched in the CNKI database. The search results included 457 articles. Then the relation matrix was built by Excel 2010. Finally the visualized network was drawn by Ucinet 6.3.ResultsNasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is primarily for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in China. Meanwhile, nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are gradually applied in clinic. The application scope of non-invasive ventilation is expanding. Besides the neonatologists, nurses are also paying close attention to non-invasive ventilation.ConclusionsThe visualized network, successfully built by Netdraw, relfects the hot topics and current condition in this ifeld.

Objective To study the influence of Noradrenergic systems in Lateral Hypothalamus Area (LHA) on small intestine moving. Methods The effect of noradrenalin、noradrenalin+phentolamine、noradrenalin+propolol、phentolamine on small intestines electro-activity of rats was detected by external alimentary canal electrodes and central nervous system stereo-configuration technology. Results After injecting 2 g/L noradrenaline (NE) the cyclic period of MMC extended, the ratio of the active time to the cyclic period and the number of the fast wave within the active time per minute reduced. NE inhibited the electro-activity of small intestine of rats, and the average effective time was (36.86?7.39)min. Hence injecting 5 g/L PE alone to LHA raised the ratio of the MMC active time to the cyclic period. Phentolamine presented a slight excitability on the electro-activity of small intestine of rats. Conclusion The NE in LHA showed the inhibitive myoelectric activity on small intestines, and this effect was introduced through a acceptor,The reacceptor in LHA may function in the inhibition of the electro-activity in small intestines.

Objective To develop a sensitive, simple, and accurate method for the determination of shionone in rat plasma after ig administration of Asteris Radix petroleum ether extract (RAPE). Methods The separation was achieved by HPLC on a RP18 column (150 mm × 3.9 mm, 5μm) with a mobile phase composed of acetotitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid water (98: 2) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. UV Detector was set at 200 nm and friedelin was chosen as an internal standard. Results The linear range of the standard curves was (0.3443-22.0) μg/mL with the correlation coefficient of 0.9968. The intra- and inter-day precisions were all below 10% and the relative error was -3.5%-1.1%.Conclusion The developed method can be successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study. After ig administration of RAPE, T1/2(ka) is (33.09 ± 7.32) min and T1/2(ke) is (84.95 ± 22.34) min.

OBJECTIVE:To study the bioequiavailability of sodium/calcium folinate for injections in healthy volunteers.METHODS:By a randomized crossover design,trichloracetic acid was used to precipitate the protein in serum sample.Serum concentration of folinate was determined by RP-HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability of sodium folinate for injection vs.calcium folinate for injection were computed and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of single dose of sodium folinate for injection(trial formulation)vs.calcium folinate for injection(reference formulation)were as follows:tmax(0.292?0.096)h vs.(0.25?0)h;Cmax(31.973?4.337)?g?mL-1 vs.(33.332?3.312)?g?mL-1;AUC0～24(139.670?13.859)?g?h?mL-1 vs.(144.401?13.574)?g?h?mL-1;AUC0～∞(154.246?16.481)?g?h?mL-1 vs.(161.306?17.871)?g?h?mL-1;MRT0～24(6.795?0.73)h vs.(6.963?0.713)h;t1/2(7.183?1.469)vs.(7.316?2.045).The mean relative bioavailability of the sodium folinate for injection was(98.2?37.1)%.CONCLUSION:The two formulations are proved to be bioequivalent.

Nutritional risk screening is the priority for nutrition support after stroke.The advance in nutritional risk screening after stroke was reviewed in order to provide assistant information for post-stroke nutrition support and nursing care.

Background:Clinical and epidemiological studies revealed that estrogen replacement therapy was associated with a significant reduction in risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women.In our previous studies,estrogen increased the expression of mismatch repair (MMR)gene MLH1 in colonic cancer cells,and re-expression of MLH1 in MLH-deficient colonic cancer cells significantly increased the estrogen-induced apoptosis.Aims:To investigate the signaling pathway implicated in the MLH1-mediated apoptosis in colonic cancer cells induced by estrogen and the roles of p53 and its related genes in this apoptotic pathway.Methods:Plasmid containing wild type human MLH1 (hMLH1)full length cDNA was transfected into MLH1-deficient human colonic cancer cell line HCT116.By using HCT116 cells transfected with empty plasmid as controls,the apoptotic DNA ladder was determined by electrophoresis and the expressions of p53 and other apoptosis-related proteins were assessed by Western blotting under the condition with or without estrogen stimulation. Results:17β-estradiol (E2 )at the concentration of 10 -8 mol/L induced significant apoptosis in HCT116 cells transfected with hMLH1.In HCT116 cells transfected with hMLH1 and stimulated with E2 (group D),the protein expressions of caspase-3,caspase-9,p53,Bax and cytoplasmic cytochrome C increased significantly when compared with HCT116 cells stimulated with E2 only (group B);expressions of the abovementioned proteins were also higher in group D than in group C (transfected with hMLH1 only).Conclusions:MMR gene MLH1 is involved in estrogen-induced apoptosis of human colonic cancer cell line HCT116 by activating p53 signaling and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

BACKGROUND:Dexamethasone can improve the cellapoptosis and decrease the number of osteoblasts and bone cells through increasing the time of cellcycle. Protein kinase C is a kind of intraecellular singnal transduction pathways, and there are related reports on the relationship between protein kinase C and cellapoptosis. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis via protein kinase C intracellular signal transduction pathway. METHODS:Fetal rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were col ected for osteogenic induction, and the cells were divided into dexamethasone group, phorbol group and star cytochalasin group. The cells in the dexamethasone group were added with 1×10-6 mol/L dexamethasone, the cells in the phorbol group were added with 1×10-6 mol/L dexamethasone and 1×10-7 mol/L phorbol, while the cells in the star cytochalasin group were added with 1×10-6 mol/L dexamethasone and 1×10-7 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Dexamethasone could induce apoptosis significantly, and after added with mol/L star cytochalasin. The proliferation and inhibition of the cells in different intervention groups were observed, and the content of protein kinase C in the cellmembrane and cytoplasm was measured. phorbol, the apoptosis was increased significantly;while after added with star cytochalasin, the apoptosis was decreased significantly. After added with dexamethasone, the content of protein kinase C in the cytoplasm was significantly decreased, while increased in the cellmembrane. At different time points after added with dexamethasone, the change of the content of protein kinase C in the cytoplasm and cellmembrane was most significant at 30 minutes. The results indicated that mechanism of dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis was correlated with protein kinase C, and dexamethasone was the agonist of protein kinase C. After the cells were stimulated, the protein kinase C in the cytoplasm wil moved to the cellmembrane, and then the content of protein kinase C in the cytoplasm was decreased, while increased in the cellmembrane.

Background Evidences, from recent studies, suggested that Borna disease virus (BDV) infection might be associated with human neuropsychosis, especially psychiatric disorders including depressive disorder(DD). However, controversy existed about the association between BDV infection and pathogenesis of DD. This study was to explore further whether the infection of Borna disease virus (BDV) is associated with the pathogenesis of depressive disorder (DD).Methods The p 24 fragment of BDV RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 60DD patients and 120 healthy volunteers was detected by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (nRT-PCR) combined with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQPCR). Positive products were cloned and sequenced before being compared with Strain V and strain He/80, from humans and animals.Results The positive rate (5%, 3/60) of BDV p 24 in PBMCs from the DD patients was significantly higher than that (0%, 0/120) from healthy volunteers ( P＜0. 05). The gene sequence for the positive products showed BDV p 24 in PBMCs from DD patients in Chongqing was most homophylic with H1766 strain detected from iii horses (97.68%), with 2 situs mutations (nt 1675 T→C, nt 1678 C→T), and also similar to the standard strain V(96. 51%)and He/80(95.35 %), with basic exchanges limited to T- C and A→G.Conclusions There was BDV infection in the DD patients in China, which indicated that the pathogenesis of DD in human beings in Chongqing might be associated with the infection of BDV.