Objective To establish a method for detecting chlorogenic acid in compound oral liquid of Kangbingdu with HPLC.Methods The chromatographic column of Shim-pack VP-ODS C18(4.6 mm? 250 mm,5 ?m) was used,the mobile phase was consisted of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid aqueous solution(12∶88).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the detective wavelength was 327 nm and column temperature was 30 ℃.Results The linear range of the method was 0.051～0.922 ?g(r=0.999 9,n=6),the average recovery was 99.04%,RSD was 1.31%(n=6).Conclusion The method is accurate,reproducible,simple and easy to do,which can be used in quality control of compound oral liquid of Kangbingdu.

Objective:To establish a wavelength switching HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid and mangiferin in Yinhua Mangguo tablets. Methods:An Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column was used. The mobile phase was methanol-water containing 0. 2% phosphoric acid with gradient elution at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml· min-1;the detection wavelength was 327 nm(0-8 min) for chlorogenic acid and 258 nm(8-20 min) for mangiferin. Results:Chlorogenic acid had good linearity within the range of 0. 140-2. 516 μg, and the average recovery was 99. 4% with RSD of 1. 2% (n=9). Mangiferin had good linearity within the range of 0. 042-0. 761 μg, and the average recovery was 99. 9% with RSD of 1. 4% (n=9). Conclu-sion:The method is simple, accurate and reproducible. It can be used to determine chlorogenic acid and mangiferin in Yinhua Mang-guo tablets with the same chromatogram conditions.

Objective To establish a HPLC method for determination of three active components in Shuanghua Caoshanhu Hanpian.Methods Agilent TC-C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm) column was used.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water containing 0.2％ phosphoric acid with gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 1.0 mL· min-1,the column temperature was 30 ℃,the detection wavelength was 327 mn (0-10 min) for chlorogenic acid,342 nm (10-35 min) for isofraxidin and msmarinic acid.Results Chlorogenic acid had a good linearity in the range of 0.052-0.939 μg (r =0.999 8,n =6),the average recovery was 99.23％ with RSD of 1.4％ (n =9).Isofraxidin had a good linearity in the range of 0.004-0.077 μg (r =0.999 8,n =6),the average recovery was 100.33 ％ with RSD of 1.8 ％ (n =9).Rosmarinic acid had a good linearity in the range of 0.012-0.213 μg (r =0.999 9,n =6),the average recovery was 99.42％ with RSD of 1.4％ (n =9).Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and reliable.It can be used to determine chlorogenic acid,isofraxidin and rosmarinic acid in Shuanghua Caoshanhu hanpian at the same chromatogram condition.

Objective To establish an HPLC method of wavelength switching simultaneous determination for the contents of mangiferin and hesperidin inYinhua Mangguo Tablets.Methods Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) column was used. The mobile phase was methanol-water containing 0.2% phosphoric acid with gradient elution mode at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min; the detection wavelength was 258 nm (0–20 min) for mangiferin, 283 nm (20–50 min) for hesperidin.Results Mangiferin had a good linearity in the range of 0.042–0.761 μg, and the average recovery was 99.86%, with RSD of 1.5% (n=9). Hesperidin had a good linearity in the range of 0.076–1.361 μg, and the average recovery was 99.91%, with RSD of 0.7% (n=9).Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, which can be used to the quality control ofYinhua Mangguo Tablets.

Objective:To set up a method for simultaneously determining the content of notoginsenoside R1 , ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in compound Huanggen granules ( sugar free) . Methods:The HPLC method was carried out on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm)column. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 ml· min-1 . The detection wavelength was at 203 nm. The column temperature was set at 25℃ and the sample size was 10 μl. Results:The linearity of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 was within the range of 1. 6-10. 0 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 6), 6. 3-39. 3 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8) and 6. 3-39. 7 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 7), respectively. The average recovery was 98. 81%(RSD=1. 20%),99. 93%(RSD=0. 93%) and 99. 22%(RSD=0. 87%)(n=6) , respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple, repro-ducible and specific, which can be used in the quality control of the preparation.

ObjectivesTo present the current condition of non-invasive ventilation in newborns in the last ifve years in China, to describe the probable research trends of this ifeld, and to provide the possible research directions in future.Methods Using co-word analysis, the keywords “neonate” and “non-invasive ventilation” were searched in the CNKI database. The search results included 457 articles. Then the relation matrix was built by Excel 2010. Finally the visualized network was drawn by Ucinet 6.3.ResultsNasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is primarily for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in China. Meanwhile, nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are gradually applied in clinic. The application scope of non-invasive ventilation is expanding. Besides the neonatologists, nurses are also paying close attention to non-invasive ventilation.ConclusionsThe visualized network, successfully built by Netdraw, relfects the hot topics and current condition in this ifeld.

Objective To evaluate the causation and management of complications caused by enteral nutrition (EN)after stomach cancer surgery.Methods The clinical data of 195 gastric cancer patients which used EN after surgery were analyzed retrospectively from September 2002 to April 2008 in our hospital.Results Among the 195 patients,29(14.87%)developed abdominal distention,17(8.71%)diarrhoea,Six(3.07%)metabolic complica tions,three anastomotie leakage,1 patient with colon perforation.Conclusion These complications caused by EN after stomach cancer surgery associated with the stress of surgery,the speed and concentration of nutrition infusion, patients'metabolic conditions and other related factors.

Objective To explore the influence factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) in different gestational age preterm infants.Methods The medical records of 118 premature infants who were diagnosed as BPD at West China Second Hospital,Sichuan University from January 1,2011 to December 31,2015 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the gestational age,the premature infants were divided into extremely-early-premature infants group (＜ 28 weeks),very-early-premature infants group (28-31 weeks) and late-premature infants group (32-36 weeks).The differences in pregnancy complications,the use of glucocorticoids before delivery,gender,mode of production,medication for preterm infants with different gestational age preterm infants were analyzed.Results One hundred and eighteen preterm infants included 18 extremely-early-premature infants,82 very-early-premature infants,and 18 late-preterm infants;71 baby boys and 47 baby girls,with birth weight ≤1 000 g in 27 cases,1 000-1 500 g in 70 cases,1 500-2 000 g in 15 cases,and ＞2 000 g in 6 cases.There was a statistically significant difference as for the full use of continuous positive airway pressure between the extremely-early-premature infants group (9 cases) and the late-preterm infants group(2 cases) (x2 =6.415,P =0.011).The late-preterm infants group whose mothers experienced preeclampsia were more seriously affect than extremely-early premature infants group (x2 =4.018,P =0.045) and very-early-premature infants group (x2 =4.878,P =0.027),and there was no statistically significant difference between extremely-early-premature infants group and very-early-premature infants group (x2 =0.279,P =0.597).A significantly increased total oxygen duration was observed in extremely-early-premature infants group [(56.56 ± 29.58) d] compared with very-early-premature infants group[(43.15 ± 14.86) d] and late-preterm-infants group [(37.75 ± 16.87) d] (F =8.185,P =0.000) with statistically significant difference.A significantly increased hospitalization time was observed in extremely-early-premature infants group [(56.56 ± 29.58) d] com-pared with very early premature infants group [(46.23 ± 14.04) d] and late-preterm-infants group [(39.06 ± 29.81) d] (F =5.606,P =0.004).Conclusions The number of BPD in extremely-early-premature infants and very-early-premature infants increases compared with that in the late-preterm infants.Gestational age is the high risk factor for the occurrence of BPD,the gestational age should be delayed as late as possible.Prevention of extremely-early-premature birth and very-early-premature birth,and avoidance of intrauterine hypoxia and rational use of oxygen are the important measures for prevention of BPD occurred in premature infants and reducing hospitalization time.

The authors summarize Professor SHI Qi's clinical experience in diagnosing and treating chronic tendon and bone disease.The specific diagnosing and treating thinking and methods could be summarized as follows:1)Three stages,which means chronic tendon and bone disease could be treated according to early,medium and late stages.2) Three differentiations,which include differentiating disease,type and syndrome.3) Three examining,which include seeing patient clearly,reading the disease and getting the key point.In addition,Prof.SHI emphasizes threepoint syndrome differentiation which means the combination of the lesion's target,peri-target and whole syndrome characteristics differentiation.In the process of treatment,Prof.SHI emphasizes three methods combination of herb,technique and breathing technique.Both internal and external treatments should be used.Prof.SHI advocates that the control strategy should be the prevention,treatment and recuperation integration concept,including preventing disease,early treatment to prevent deterioration and preventing reoccurrence after cure.

Objective To assess the relationship between BRAF gene mutations and clinical phenotype of malignant melanoma.Methods Tissue specimens were collected from the lesions of 80 patients with malignant melanoma,and from the normal skin of 30 patients with trauma in the Department of Plastic Surgery or General Surgery,and subjected to paraffin embedding and DNA extraction.PCR was performed to amplify the exon 11 and 15 of BRAF gene followed by DNA sequencing.Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were carried out to assess the relationship between BRAF gene mutations and clinical phenotypes of malignant melanoma.Results BRAF gene mutations were found in 19 (23.8％) of the 80 malignant melanoma specimens.Among the 19 mutationpositive specimens,17 (88.2％) carried mutations in exon 15 of BRAF gene with V600E as the most frequent (88.2％,15/17) mutation type,and 2 (10.5％) carried mutations in exon 11.No mutation was found in any of the normal skin tissue specimens.The average age at onset was 57.5 years in these patients.The frequency of BRAF gene mutation was significantly higher in patients younger than 60 years than in those older than 60 years (37.1％ vs.13.3％,x2=6.613,P ＜ 0.05).A significant difference was observed in the frequency of BRAF gene mutation among tissue specimens of mueosal,acral and non-aeral malignant melanoma (18.2％ (4/21) vs.14.7％(5/34) vs.41.7％ (10/24),x2=6.167,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant association between BRAF gene mutation and gender,race or lymph node metastasis (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions BRAF gene is a hot spot for mutations in patients with malignant melanoma in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,with V600E point mutation in exon 15 as the most frequent mutation type.BRAF gene mutations appear to be closely correlated with the age at onset of and lesional sites in,but uncorrelated with gender and race of or lymph node metastasis in,patients with malignant melanoma.