Objective:To improve the understanding of X-ray manifestations of chronic renal failure with heart abnormity.Methods:The X-ray manifestations and the main pathogenic factor of chronic renal failure with heart abnormity were analysed in 87 cases.Results:Cardiac enlargement of the shape was 49.4%,of which aortic type of heart was 46.5%,type of generally enlargement was 44.2%,the mixed type of generally enlargement and mitralization was 9.3%,the rate of cardiac enlargement was growed with the increase of diastolic pressure,anemia and urea nitrogen (The ? value was 0.01

Objective:To improve the understanding of X-ray manifestations of chronic renal failure with heart abnormity.Methods:The X-ray manifestations and the main pathogenic factor of chronic renal failure with heart abnormity were analysed in 87 cases.Results:Cardiac enlargement of the shape was 49.4%,of which aortic type of heart was 46.5%,type of generally enlargement was 44.2%,the mixed type of generally enlargement and mitralization was 9.3%,the rate of cardiac enlargement was growed with the increase of diastolic pressure,anemia and urea nitrogen (The Ρ value was 0.01＜Ρ＜0.05;0.01＜Ρ＜0.05;0.01＜Ρ＜0.05,respectively).Conclusion:There are no characteristic X-ray manifestations in chronic renal failure with heart abnormity,the X-ray diagnosis of which must depend on clinical data.

Objective To analyze spiral CT manifestations and the diagnostic value of pulmonary embolism (PE).Methods Spiral CT pulmonary angiography (SCTPA) and chest plain CT scan were performed in 25 cases with highly-suspected PE. CT findings were retrospectively analyzed.Results The direct signs of PE appeared as complete or partial filling defect within pulmonary arteriae on SCTPA.191 branches of pulmonary artery were involved in all cases,of them, 44 branches were centrally located(23.0%), 115 branches were eccentrically located (60.2%),7 branches were mural filling defect (3.7%), 25 branches were complete occlusion (13.1%).The indirect signs of PE included irregular consolidation (n=15), patchy ground glass opacities (n=6),local streak shadows(n=4),"mosaic"sign (n=5), pleural effusion(n=16) ,pericardial effusion (n=3)and simple emboli no other signs(n=3).Conclusion SCTPA is a fast ,effective, security and non-invasive diagnostic method for PE .

Objective To profile the subtypes of open reading frame 75(ORF75)of human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma,and to evaluate their relationship with clinical phenotypes and invasiveness of Kaposi's sarcoma.Methods Twenty-five paraffin-embeded tissue specimens of Kaposi's sarcoma were collected in the Department of Dermatology.People's Hospiml of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.DNA was extracted from these specimens.and nested-PCR was performed to amplify HHV-8 DNA followed bv bi-directional sequencing.Phylogenetic analysis was carried out by using the software DNASTAR,Clustal W program and PHYLIP package so as to identify the ORF75 subtyoe of HHV-8.Results HHV-8 DNA was detected in 21(84%)out of the 25 samples,and 7 cases of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma were all positive for HHV-8.Among the 21 patients carrying HHV-8 DNA,18 were positive for subtype A ORF75.3 for subtype C ORF75.The ORF75 subtypes had no significant correlation with the presence of mucosal lesions or clinical phenotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma.Conclusions The majority of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma in Xinjiang are infected with HHV-8 of ORF 75 subtype A and C.The ORF75 subtypes of HHV-8 have no correlation with the presence of mucosal lesions or clinical phenotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma.

BACKGROUND:Preoperative walking ability and activities are good predictors of functional recovery of patients after hip replacement. But these objective assessment tools are invalid to predict postoperative function of patients with no preoperative walking ability.
OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of preoperative subjective physical activity questionnaire to predict the 6-month postoperative physical functioning outcomes in elder patients receiving hip arthroplasty, and to determine which aspects of patient’s characteristics influence 6-month postoperative physical activity.
METHODS:A two-center prospective audit was carried out in elder patients who underwent hip arthroplasty between November 2010 and February 2013. These patients were divided into three groups, including the group of total hip arthroplasty for fractures of the femoral neck, the group of total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis and the group of hemiarthroplasty for fractures of the femoral neck. Al patients had fulfil ed Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam-Physical Activity Questionnaire (LAPAQ) and Short Form 36 (SF-36) recal ing their physical activity at 2 weeks before the fal accident (for fractures of the femoral neck) or admission (for hip osteoarthritis). Preoperative demographic data were also col ected. Postoperative assessment regarding subjective physical activity assessment including LAPAQ and SF-36, and objective physical activity assessment including timed up and go test and six-minute walk test were evaluated at the time of 6-month postoperation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 115 patients finished the study. Both preoperative LAPAQ and SF-36 can play a predictor to probe 6-month postoperative function of objective and subjective activity in patients with femoral neck fractures or hip osteoarthritis undergoing hip arthroplasty. Preoperative LAPAQ seems better than preoperative SF-36 to predict postoperative physical activity. For hip fracture patients, because preoperative objective function cannot be assessed, preoperative LAPAQ can play an effective and subjective index to predict postoperative function of objective activity, and physical functions can recover 70%-80%at 6 months postoperatively. For hip osteoarthritis patients, postoperative physical function can be increased by approximately 27%compared with before hip arthroplasty. Patient’s characteristics also affect the postoperative physical activity, and the occurrence of preoperative complications is a most important factor.

Objective To compare the effect of injection with botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) before serial casting with BTX-A injection alone for the treatment of spastic equinus in children with cerebral palsy (CP).Methods Sixty patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group with 30 patients in each.Those io the experimental group received a BTX-A injection followed by serial casting,while the controls received BTX-A only.Before treatment and 1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment,the dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM)of the ankle recorded while the knee in flexion and extension were measured,and gait was evaluated with an observational gait scale.Results Before treatment there was no significant inter-group difference in any of the 3 outcome measures.At 1 montb,3 months and 6 months after treatment,there were significant inter-group differences in all 3 measures,and also significant differences compared with before treatment in both groups.Conclusion Lower muscle tone,greater ankle mobility and better gait patterns can be promoted in CP children with spastic equinus using serial casting combined with BTX-A injection.The improvements may last longer than those after BTX-A injection alone.

Objective To investigate the reference intervals of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) ,mean corpuscular hemoglo‐bin(MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) examined by the MindrayBC‐6800 hematological analyzer to establish the reference intervals suitable for our laboratory .Methods According to the method recommended by the NCCLS C28‐A3 ,600 healthy adult individuals were selected as the reference individuals .MCV ,MCH and MCHC levels were determined by the MindrayBC‐6800 hematological analyzer for constructing the reference intervals ;other 150 healthy persons undergoing the physical examination were selected and their MCH ,MCV and MCHC detection results were collected for verifying the established reference intervals .Results The detection results of MCV ,MCH and MCHC in healthy adults showed a normal distribution ,MCV had sta‐tistical difference among different age periods (P<0 .05);the reference intervals :82 .278 -94 .242 fL for young adults ,83 .032-94 .608 fL for the middle‐aged persons and 83 .137-96 .343 fL for the elderly .MCH had statistical differences between different se‐xes and among different age periods ;the reference intervals :27 .785-32 .415 pg for male young adults ,28 .324-32 .456 pg for male middle‐aged persons and 28 .274-32 .966 pg for male elderly ;27 .367-31 .973 pg for female young adults ,27 .445-32 .215 pg for female middle‐aged persons and 27 .532 -32 .468 pg for female elderly .MCHC had statistical difference between different sexes (P<0 .05) ;the reference intervals :328 .611-352 .810 g/L for male and 323 .771-348 .750 g/L for female .In 150 individuals un‐dergoing the physical examination ,the proportion of individuals locating at the outside of reference interval was less than 10 .0% , therefore the newly established intervals were suitable for this laboratory .Conclusion The sex difference or/and age differences of MCV ,MCH and MCHC exist among adult populations .So the reference intervals are respectively established according to the prac‐tical situation ,which are suitable for this laboratory by verification .

[Objective] To refer a geographical distribution rule of alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU) reference values for the health adults in China via exploring its spatial distribution trend and its correlation with geographical factors.[Methods] A total of 6564 samples of AFU reference values from 66 administrative units in the years 2004-2015 were collected,male and female of which were 3701 cases (56.4％) and 2863 cases (46.3％).A research concerning AFU reference values in whole country were calculated using methods of information content and ridge regression.[Results] AFU reference values for Chinese healthy adults were influenced by geographical factors and presented autocorrelation,and it showed eastern and northern areas were highery than western and southern areas.[Conclusions] AFU reference values have a spatial variation and the regional disparities should be considered in practice.

Objective To investigate the related factors of early adverse outcomes in young patients with ischemic stroke.Methods From January 2006 to June 2016,685 young patients (18-45 years old) with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command were enrolled retrospectively.They were diagnosed as the first onset with head CT or MRI.According to the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 90 d,the patients were divided into a favorable outcome (mRS 0-2) group (n=554) and a poor outcome (mRS 3-6) group (n=131).The collection of clinical data were completed on the day of admission,including the risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (oral contraceptives,etc),the National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score on admission,the mean systolic blood pressure (>140 mmHg was analyzed) and laboratory examination.The stroke subtypes were classified with the trial of org 10172 in acute stroke treatment (TOAST) classification criteria.Univariate analysis was used to analyze the difference of clinical data between groups,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for early poor outcomes.Results Compared with the favorable outcome group,the patients with the ratio of mean systolic pressure >140 mmHg in the first 3 d after hospitalization (37.4% [49/131] vs.21.7% [120/554],χ2=14.131),NIHSS score on admission (10.0 [7.0,14.0] vs.1.5 [0,3.0],Z=-15.300),white blood cell count (7.5 [6.0,9.0] ×109/L vs.6.8 [5.7,8.2] ×109/L,Z=-3.157),fasting glucose (4.9 [4.6,6.0] mmol/L vs.4.8 [4.4,5.3] mmol/L,Z=-2.726),higher fibrinogen level (2.8 [2.3,3.4] g/L vs.2.6 [2.3,3.2] g/L,Z=-2.018,blood uric acid level (291[220,346] mmol/L vs.315 [261,374] mmol/L,Z=-3.443),and plasma albumin level (43.1[40.0,45.9] g/L vs.44.8 [42.4,47.4] g/L,Z=-4.708) were decreased in the poor outcome group.There were significant differences between the two groups (all P<0.05).TOAST classification comparison:the proportion of the patients with cardioembolism in the poor outcome group was higher than that in the favorable outcome group.There was significant difference between the two groups (6.9% [9/131] vs.2.5% [14/554];χ2=4.893,P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the remaining clinical data between the two groups (all P>0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher NIHSS score on admission (OR,1.474,95%CI 1.378-1.576,P<0.01),the mean systolic pressure >140 mmHg at the first 3 d after admission (OR,2.134,95%CI 1.210-3.764,P=0.009) and the cardioembolism(OR,4.902,95%CI 1.073-22.222,P=0.040) were the risk factors for early poor outcome,and the elevated plasma albumin level (OR,0.902,95%CI 0.850-0.956,P=0.001) was a protective factor of early favorable outcome.Conclusion The higher NIHSS score at admission,the cardioembolism and the increased mean systolic blood pressure in the first 3 d after admission may result in early poor outcome in young patients with ischemic stroke,while the elevated plasma albumin level is beneficial to the early outcome.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast on inflammatory factor,air-way anatomy and lung function of children with cough variant asthma. METHODS:A total of 86 children with cough variant asth-ma selected from our hospital during Apr. 2010 to Aug. 2015 were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 43 cases in each group. Control group was given Budesonide aerosol 0.4 mg,bid;observation group was given Montelukast sodium chewable tablets with different dose according to age(4 mg for 2-6 year-old,tid;5 mg for 7-12 year-old,tid).A treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 4 weeks,and both groups received 2 courses of treatment. The levels of inflammatory factor,airway anatomy and lung function indexes were detected in 2 groups before and after treatment,and the oc-currence of ADR was also observed. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups(P>0.05). Compared to before treatment,the levels of IL-4,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and hs-CRP in 2 groups were de-creased significantly after treatment;airway wall thickness,basement membrane thickness,airway wall thickness/outside diameter ratio,total area of airway wall,total area of airway wall/total area of airway were decreased significantly,while FVC,FEV1, FEV1/FVC,PEF were increased significantly;the indexes in observation group were significantly better than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:For pediatric cough variant asthma,montelukast can significantly improve inflammatory reaction,airway status and lung function with good safety.