[Objective]To investigate the diagnosis,surgical procedure and clinical effect for the subdural extramedullary tumor. [Methods]Forty-five patients (28 males and 17 females,age ranged from 24-71 years with an average of 45 years ) were treated with tumour extirpation. MRI showed subdural extramedullary tumor before surgery. The spine was exposed through a standard posterior approach,and the dura matter was opened after lamninectomy. The tumor was separated and removed from the dura matter. Pedicle screw fixation was performed to restore the stability of spine. [Results]The patients were followed up from 6 to 42 months with an average of 26.2 months. The postoperative recovery of neurological function was measured with Otani scores. The clinical result was excellent in 11 patients,good in 18 and fair in 12,resulting in 64.44% of good to excellent rate. The good to excellent rate had an advantage in patients (84.62%) operated on within one month after first visit over that of patients (64.29%) who had a misdiagnosis for 1~6 months and the patients (50.00%) for more than 6 months.[Conclusion]Removal is the method of choice for patients with subdural extramedullary tumor. Early diagnosis and removal are key factors to get a good clinical effect.

Objective To construct antisense survivin eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-EGFP-SVVas and detect its expression in human malignant glioma cell line SHG-44 cells. Methods The antisense survivin eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-EGFP-SVVas was constructed and then transfected into SHG-44 cells with lipofectamine. The expression of survivin on the cells was measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results The mRNA and protein expression of survivin decreased in the transfected cells. Conclusion pIRES2-EGFP-SVVas can decrease the expression of survivin in the cells transfected with the vector.

Objective To explore the distribution and localization of LPGDS (Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase) in rat testis and epididymidis and gain further insight into LPGDS potential function in male reproduction. Methods The expression of LPGDS in rat testis and epididymidis was assessed using RT-PCR and immunobloting. Using immunohistochemistry to explore the distribution of LPGDS in rat testis and epididymidis. Results None of the LPGDS studied was present in the testis of 2 month old SD rat. LPGDS was strikingly expressed in the caput epididymidis, while moderate to weak expressing was observed in the corpus and cauda epididymidis. The result of immunohistochemistry displayed that LPGDS was mainly localized within the cytoplasm and the cilia of the epithelial cells in rat epididymidis. Conclusion LPGDS was mainly distributed in epididymidis and localized with in the cytoplasm and the cilia of the epithelial cells. There was no LPGDS expressed in the testis of 2 month old SD rat, but it was strikingly expressed in the epididymidis, and the dose of expression was different, which suggested that LPGDS may play some kind of role during the process of the spermatozoa maturation.

Objective Through the analysis of cases,to improve the cognition of clinicians on extracranial vas-cular embolism diseases(VED)in children.Methods The clinical information included incidence trend,thrombophi-lia,clinical features,treatment and prognosis of 29 children with VED,who were admitted from January 201 1 to Decem-ber 201 5 in Nanjing Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,and retrospectively analyzed.Results The annual rate of VED increased from 0 to 1 .49 per 1 0 000 hospital admissions from January 201 1 to December 201 5.In 29 cases,there were 20 male and 9 female,with an average age of 6.03 years old (2 h -1 3.83 years old).In-fants accounted for >20%(6 /29 cases).The average age of the female,non infected group,rheumatic disease group and venous thrombosis group was higher than that of the male,the infection group,the non rheumatic disease group and the arterial embolization group,but there was no significant difference(all P >0.05).Thrombophilia were as follows:in-fection disease,heart disease,kidney disease syndrome,rheumatoid disease,tumor,and twins embolization syndrome. Risk factors included central venous line,immobility,dehydration,glucocorticoids use,etc.Heart disease was the leading cause of non thrombotic embolism,while other thrombophilic diseases resulted in thrombotic embolism.Pulmonary em-bolism was mainly seen in patients with severe pneumonia,especially mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP ).The older the age,the more typical clinical manifestations,and significantly elevated D dimer,fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products tips VED.Treatment depends on the degree of risk.Thirty -seven point five percent(3 /8 cases)of children with arterial embolism were less than 1 year old,and the mortality 25.00% (2 /8 cases)was significantly higher than that of venous thrombosis 1 7.65%(3 /1 7 cases)and 1 1 .76% (2 /1 7 cases).Conclusion Heart disease mainly cause arterial embolism and infection,while nephritic syndrome and rheumatic disease mainly cause venous embolism.Pulmona-ry embolism is mainly seen in children with severe pneumonia,especially MPP.The risk of arterial embolization is higher than that of venous embolism.

Objective:To prepare monoclonal antibodies against lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase and to explore the distribution of lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase on human sperm.Methods:BALB/c mice were immunized with lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase,monoclonal antibodies were prepared by hybridoma technique,the biological characteristics of antibodies were analyzed by ELISA and Western blot,the distribution of lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase on sperm were performed by immunohistochemistry.Results:A strain of hybridoma cell was obtain,and the IgG isotype of the antibody was identified as IgG1,with affinity constat(K) of 2?108 and titer over 103.Western blot demonstrated specific recognition of lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase by the obtained monoclonal antibody.The result of immunohistochemistry displayed that lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase was mainly distributed on the surface of human sperm.Conclusion:A hybridoma cell secreting anti-lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase monoclonal antibodies stably was established.On the surface of human sperm,there is lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase's distribution. [

Objective To develop a kind of new machine for making animal model for pressure ulcer,and inspect its effect through experiments,in order to lay the foundation for the research of pressure ulcer experiments on animals.Methods This study developed the machine after reviewing the domestic and foreign literature,making full use of the existing experimental platform of our university.Then 55 Sprague Dawley(SD) rats were selected,after anesthesia and the skin preparation,the researchers imposed certain pressure with 70 mmHg/cm2 (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) on the skin and muscle tissue on the inner left thigh of SD rats by using self-designed machine,pressing for 2 h,then reperfusion for 30 min,3 times a day,a total of 7 days.Results The authors developed a kind of new machine for making animal model for pressure ulcer,and successfully prepared Ⅲ phase pressure ulcers model in SD rats with success rate of 98.2％(54/55).Conclusion This machine can prepare Ⅲ phase pressure ulcers model on animals,it's easy to use and efficient,it can be used for researches in the field of prevention and cure of pressure ulcers.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanism of Huoxue Qianyang Formula (HXQYF), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in reversing the left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) of spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) by analyzing the expressions of mRNAs and proteins of proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-myc in left ventricular muscle. METHODS: The experimental study was carried out in SHRs, the sex- and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were served as normal control (n=5, normal saline 10 ml/kg daily). Twenty-five SHRs were randomly divided into five groups: untreated group (n=5, normal saline 10 ml/kg daily), high-dose HXQYF-treated group (n=5, 0.84 g/ml HXQYF, 10 ml/kg daily), medium-dose HXQYF-treated group (n=5, 0.42 g/ml HXQYF, 10 ml/kg daily), low-dose HXQYF-treated group (n=5, 0.21 g/ml HXQYF, 10 ml/kg daily) and cilazapril-treated group (n=5, 1 mg/ml cilazapril, 10 ml/kg daily). The drugs were intragastrically administered once daily for 14 weeks. The expressions of mRNAs and proteins of proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-myc in left ventricular muscle were detected separately by in situ hybridization histochemical method and immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the expressions of mRNAs and proteins of proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-myc in left ventricular muscle were significantly increased in untreated group (P<0.01). After treatment, the expressions of c-fos and c-myc mRNAs in left ventricular muscle in HXQYF-treated groups were significantly down-regulated as compared with those of the untreated group (P<0.05). The expressions of c-myc protein were also significantly decreased in high- and medium-dose HXQYF-treated groups as compared with the untreated group (P<0.05), but it had no significant effects in protein expression of c-fos in the three HXQYF-treated groups. CONCLUSION: HXQYF can inhibit the expression of c-myc in ventricular hypertrophy tissue, which may be the mechanism in treating LVH of hypertension.

Objective The purpose of this study is to select suitable ages of rats for the CPR ( cardiopulmonary resuscitation) animal model.The neurological function score and subgroups analysis are evaluated in 2 month old and 4 month old animal groups.Methods Based on the evaluation of physiological indexes including ECG, blood pressure and neurological function defect score ( NDS) and subgroup analysis, the stability of CPR rats model was compared between 2 month old and 4 month old animal groups.Results The results showed that, the model rate of the ventricular fibrillation was induced by electrical stimulation , the 4 month old group was 87.5%, significantly higher than the 2 month old group, however, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the mortality rate;For the changes of blood pressure during the process of CA( cardiac arrest) induced by electrical stimulation, the 4 month old group was significantly lower than the 2 month old group (P <0.01); for the NDS at each time point after CPR, there was no significant difference between the two groups; however, the NDS subgroup analysis at different time points showed that there were different degrees of differences between the two age groups ( P <0.05) .Comparing with the 2 month old group, the 4 month old group had a stable process during the animal model preparation, had an obvious cerebral blood hypoperfusion phenomenon and aggravation of brain injury after CPR.Conclusion The 4 month old rats are more suitable for preparation of CPR animal mode , the model rate is high, the brain injury aggravate.It is more suitable evaluation for basic research and treatment of CPR.

Objective To study miRNA expression differences in ovalbumin(OVA)- induced murine asthma models of mice and mast cells stimulated by inflammatory cytokines stimulation,and to better understand asthma deve-lopment so as to provide potential target for its prevention and treatment. Methods OVA - induced murine asthma models were validated by detecting cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and histopathology. And miRNA ex-pression differences in the lung tissues between the model group and the normal control group were detected by real -time polymerose chain reaction PCR . After tumor necrosis factor - α(TNF - α),interleukin 12(IL - 12)stimulation, miRNA expression differences in murine mast cells P815 were detected. Results The number of total cells and eosino-phil cells both increased in BALF of the model group[(12. 8 ± 2. 2)x 107 / L vs(5. 6 ± 2. 5)x 107 / L,t = 4. 760,P ﹤0. 05;(6. 6 ± 1. 9)x 107 / L vs(0. 8 ± 0. 8)x 107 / L,t = 8. 068,P ﹤ 0. 05]. In addition,histopathology showed more inflammatory cell infiltration in the model group than that in the normal control group,indicating that the models were validated. The expression of miRNA - 155 was up - regulated approximately 5. 0 - fold in the lung tissues of the model group(P ﹤ 0. 05),while miRNA - 192 showed no differences compared with the controls. After TNF - α and IL - 12 stimulated P815 mast cells,miRNA - 192 expressions in P815 were expression in P815 was up - regulated approximate-ly 1. 9 - fold and 1. 7 - fold after TNF - α and IL - 12 stimulation,respectively(P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions It is conclu-ded that miRNAs are differentially expressed in the presence of OVA - induced murint asthma models and mast cells stimulated by inflammatory cytokines. These differentially expressed miRNAs may regulate the function of mast cells and involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.

Objective To explore the TCM syndrome distribution characteristics of central obesity hypertension patients; To analyze its correlation with urinary microalbumin/creatinine (MA/Cr) ratio; To provide some proof for an efficient way to control central obesity hypertension and prevent and cure its early renal injury with integrated TCM and Western medicine.Methods It was performed in a cross-sectional epidemiological study. The age, gender, height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, medical history and symptoms of 359 central obesity hypertension patients were collected in Shanghai. Then according to the four diagnostic methods, TCM syndromes were recorded. The urinary MA/Cr ratio, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and hs-CRP levels were detected.Results The urinary MA/Cr detectable rate in Shanghai among central obesity hypertension was 33.4% (120/359), men accounting for 56% and women 44%. Among central obesity hypertension patients, the HOMA-IR and hs-CRP level of urinary albumin group were significantly higher than those of normal group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Among 359 central obesity hypertension patients, 140 people had phlegm-dampness syndrome, accounting for 39%, the largest part; 108 had liver-yang hyperactivity syndrome, accounting for 30%; 61 had yin-yang deficiency syndrome, accounting for 17%; 50 had yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity syndrome, accounting for 14%; the number of four TCM syndromes had statistical difference (P<0.05). Urinary MA/Cr ratio of the patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome was significantly higher than that of other three syndromes (P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of early renal damage with central obesity hypertension patients is high in Shanghai area, and the early stage of renal damage is associated with insulin resistance and inflammatory reaction. Among central obesity hypertension, phlegm-dampness syndrome and liver-yang hyperactivity account for the majority, and patients with phlegm- dampness syndrome are more likely to have early kidney damage.