In the present study, the effects of adriamycin on antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD), and cardiac lesions were studied, furthermore, the protective influence of supplementation of copper and/or zinc on cardiac toxicity induced by adriamycin were investigated. Fourty four wistar rats weighing 130-160g were randomly divided into I-IV groups. All animals were fed on basic ration. The group I was given zinc sulphate 0.60mg/kg weight intraperitoneally once every third day for 49 days. The group I was given zinc 0.60mg + copper carbonate 0.14mg/kg weight intraperitoneally once every third day for 49 days. Groups I and I were given adriamycin 12mg/kg weight intraperitoneally. Group I was given adriamycin 12mg/kg weight intraperitoneally. Group IV was given physiological saline. The results suggested that the activities of GSH-Px and SOD were significantly decreased and cardiac lesions were characterized by numerous intracellular vesicles formed by dilation of the sarco-plasmic reticulum and lysis of myofiber accompanied by focal necrosis in group III. The activities of GSH-Px and SOD were apparently higher and cardiac lesions were much milder in the groups I and II, compared with those in the group VI.It may be concluded that trace elements (zinc and copper) can exert protective effects on cardiac lesions induced by adriamycin. Comparatively, much better results were observed in group I than that in group I.

Objective To construct the recombinant rAAV2-hGAD65 vector and detect its function both in vitro and in vivo. Methods The cDNA of human glutamic acid decarboxylase 2 (hGAD65) gene, which was one of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthetase, cloned by the method of RT-PCR, was subcloned into the adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector and formed the recombinant vector of AAV-hGAD65 (rAAV2-hGAD65). The recombinant vector was packaged by the AAV Helper-Free System and its titer was detected. The primary fibroblast, cultured from the rat lung, was transfected by the rAAV2-hGAD65. The expression of the hGAD65 in fibroblast was detected by immunohistochemical method and the level of GABA in the media was assayed by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). In vivo, the hGAD65 was detected by immunohistochemical method in STN and the concentration of the GABA in the reticular part of substantia nigra (SNr) was assayed by HPLC after the rAAV2-hGAD65 was injected into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) by the stereotaxic method. Results The sequence of hGAD65 cDNA was in accordance with that in the Genebank. The amino acid sequence of hGAD65 had no mutation and the titer of rAAV2-hGAD65 was reached 4.5 ×10~(11) per milliliter. The efficiency of infection to the rat primary firoblasts was 80%, and the concentration of GABA in the media of fibroblasts was (45.66±6.07)nmol/L per liter. In vivo, hGAD65 could be detected in STN, and the concentrateion of the GABA in the SNr was increased from (5.66±1.07)nmol/g to (12.66±2.59)nmol/g.Conclusion The cDNA of hGAD65 was cloned by RT-PCR and the recombinant vector of rAAV2-hGAD65 was constructed. The AAV can infect the primary fibroblast in vitro and the hGAD65 can catalyse the glutamic acic to GABA. In vivo, the concentration of GABA in the SNr was heighten after the rAAV2-hGAD65 was injected into the STN.

Objective To investigate clinicopathological features,diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).Methods CNKI,Wanfang,Vip databases were searched for reported domestic cases of MCC from January 1,1986 to October 1,2017,and clinical data were collected,and retrospectively analyzed and summarized.Results During 31 years between 1986 and 2017,a total of 171 domestic cases of MCC were reported.There were 78 males and 93 females,and the ratio of male to female was 1:1.19.Of the 171 patients,136 (79.5％) were aged more than 50 years,and lesions mostly occurred on the head and face or extremities in 139 (81.3％) patients.Clinically,149 (87.1％) patients were misdiagnosed as tumor of unknown origin (89 cases,52％),malignant lymphoma (34 cases,19.9％),benign tumors (15 cases,8.8％) or non-tumor diseases (11 cases,6.4％).As for clinical stage,84 (49.1％) patients had stage Ⅰ MCC,and 49 (28.6％)had stage Ⅱ MCC.One patient received immunotherapy,and 165 patients underwent surgical resection,including 91 patients receiving surgery alone,24 patients treated with postoperative radiotherapy,19 patients treated with postoperative chemotherapy,and 31 patients receiving postoperative chemoradiotherapy.Five patients did not describe the treatment.Among 74 patients who were followed up after the surgery,one-year survival rate and five-year survival rate were 52.7％ and 6.8％ respectively.The five-year survival rate was 6.1％ in the patients with stage Ⅰ MCC,5.6％ in those with stage Ⅱ MCC,and 0 in those with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ MCC.Conclusions In China,cutaneous MCC mostly occurs on the head,face,neck and extremities of the middle-aged or elderly,with a high misdiagnosis rate.Surgical excision combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy is a frequently used treatment protocol in China,but the prognosis is always poor.

Objective: The clinical application of free perforator flaps in aesthetic repairing of the wounds of electric injuries in forearms and palms. Methods: 20 cases of skin tissue defects of electric injuries in forearms and palms were collected in this group, including 18 male patients and 2 female patients ranged from 20 to 50 years. The size of the skin defects are from 7 cm×5 cm to 18 cm×8 cm. 20 cases of forearms and palms with electric injuries, all of which were repaired by the transplantation of free musculocutaneous perforator monoflaps with anastomosis of interregional blood vessels. 10 cases of wounds in forearms were treated with lateral femoral circumflex artery perforator flaps with sensate nerves. The other 10 cases of wounds in palms were treated with medial plantar artery perforator flap with sensate nerves, with a flap area of 8 cm× 6cm to 20 cm×9 cm. In the donor area, 10 cases were closed with aesthetic suture and 10 cases were repaired with skin grafts. Results: All flaps survived in 20 cases. Artery crisis was found in 1 case on the second day after surgery, and this flap with anastomosis of blood vessels also survived after surgical exploration without delay. The shapes and functions of palms and forearms were observed basically restored from a aesthetic point of view from a follow-up of 3 months to 36 months. Most touch, pain and warm senses were restored in cases with sensate nerves. And a two-point discrimination was 9—11 mm. A satisfactory functional recovery was achieved. The donor sites were found well-healed without any obvious scars or functional disorders. Conclusions Because of the advantages of hidden donor sites, reliable blood supply, closed texture and good abrasion-resistance, the multiple perforator sublobe flaps with sensate nerves could be adopted, and after thinning could be used as the free flaps to repair the wounds. These have predicted that this method is one of the desirable methods of aesthetic repairing and functional reconstruction of subunits skin tissue defects in palms and forearms.