Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation of the joints with high risk of disability. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made towards the diagnosis and treatment of RA, and the international RA guidelines have been also kept updated. Nevertheless, there are many challenges in China, especially inadequate number of rheumatologists and insufficient experience in the diagnosis and treatment of RA. Therefore, Chinese Rheumatology Association drafted the standardized diagnosis and treatment of RA based on the available evidence, so as to improve the management of RA patients in China.

Objective:To explore the clinical features and diagnosis of coexistence of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and Beh?et's disease associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).Methods:We analyzed a case of coexistence of ankylosing spondylitis and Beh?et's disease associated with APS in Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital in 2016, and the related literature were reviewed.Results:A 26-year-old male patient suffered from inflammatory low back pain, arthralgia and iritis. A His CT imaging revealed bilateral grade Ⅱ of bilateral sacroiliac arthritis. He was diagnosed as AS. He also had recurrent oral ulceration, iritis, vascular disorders and positive acupuncture pathergy test. He was diagnosed as Beh?et's disease. He suffered from recurrentpeated venous thrombosis. Laboratory tests revealed positive antiphospholipid antibodies. He was diagnosed as secondary APS complicated with Beh?et's disease. After he was treated with of glucocorticosteroid, cyclophosphamide, adalimumab and dabigatran, his condition improved significantly.Conclusion:There are some cases reported of AS with Beh?et's disease, or Beh?et's disease with APS, or AS with APS. The relationship between them is complex. The possibility of coexistence of AS and Beh?et's disease and APS should not be ignored, in order to avoid misdiagnosis.