The genetic phenotypes of apo-E and subfractions of plasma apo-C(CⅡ, CⅢ_0, CⅢ_1, CⅢ_2) were studied in types of hyperlipoproteinemia patients. The results showed that among these patients, the concentration of plasma TG of those with apo-E_2/E_3 phenotype were higher than those with apo-E_3/E_3 or E_3/E_4, phenotypes (P

Objective To analyze the clinical outcomes after different treatments for the Monteggia's fracture in children. Methods From January 1991 to December 2001, a total of 128 children with Monteggia's fracture were reviewed, there were 91 males and 37 females, the average age was 7.4 years (range, 2-14 years). According to the Bado classification system: 73 of typeⅠ( extension type) accounted for 57.0%; 20 of type Ⅱ (flexion type), 15.6%; 33 of type Ⅲ (adduction type), 25.8%; 2 of type Ⅳ, 1.6%. 50 patients received conservative treatment, all belonged to the fresh fractures (within 1 week after injury); the other 78 patients were operated, including 30 fresh fractures after failure of closed reduction and 48 old fractures. The conservative patients received manipulation and plaster immobilization. In the operative group, 45 patients (16 fresh and 29 old fractures) were fixed with single Kirschner wire after reduction of the radiohumeral joints, and the ulnas were free of fixation; 33 children (14 fresh and 19 old fractures) were fixed with double wire both for the radiohumeral joints and fractured ulnas. In the fresh Monteggia's fractures, the annular ligament was repaired simply without reconstruction, but in the old fractures, neither reparation nor reconstruction was needed. The plaster was kept for 4-6 weeks postoperatively. Results All patients were available at the final follow up with a mean of 5.6 years (range, 1-10 years). According to the Lihan Ming's scoring system for the motion function in children: the conservative patients were classified as 42 excellent, 4 good, 2 fair and 2 poor, the excellent and good rate was 92%; and in the single wire group, there were 31 excellent, 5 good, 2 fair and 1 poor, the excellent and good rate was 93.3%; finally in the double wire group, 22 excellent, 7 good, 2 fair and 2 poor, the excellent and good rate was 87.9%. Conclusion The closed reduction should be selected first for the fresh Monteggia's fracture in children, the operation is only indicated for the special fresh or old fractures, in which neither the anatomic reduction was satisfactory nor the reduction can be kept without internal fixation. The operative technique, including the open reduction of the radiohumeral joint and fixation both with Kirschner wire and plaster,is reliable to improve the clinical results.

Objective : To investigate the mediating effect of negative emotions on visual impairment and resilience among middle-aged and elderly populations, so as to provide insights into improving psychological health among middle-aged and elderly populations. Methods: Demographic information, visual impairment, negative emotions and resilience in the residents at ages of 45 years and older were collected through the database of the Yushu Physical and Mental Health Survey carried out by Institute of Psychology of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Structural equation model was used to analyze the effects of visual impairment and resilience and the mediating role of negative emotions. Results: Totally 2 997 middle-aged and elderly populations were enrolled, with the median age of 50.00 (interquartile range, 47.00) years. There were 1 320 males (44.04%) and 1 677 females (55.96%), 1 627 illiterate persons (54.29%), and 2 780 married persons (92.76%). The scores of visual impairment, negative emotions and resilience were (6.79±2.59), (6.35±3.05) and (33.38±10.41) points, respectively. The results of structural equation model analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender, educational level and marital status, visual impairment had a direct negative positive effect on resilience, with a direct effect value of -0.157 (95%CI: -0.177 to -0.137), and visual impairment could also negatively affect residence through negative emotions, with a mediating effect value of -0.112 (95%CI: -0.126 to -0.104), and the mediating effect contributed 41.64% to the total effect. Conclusion visual impairment could reduce residence directly or indirectly through the mediating effect of negative emotions among middle-aged and elderly populations.

BACKGROUND:There are numerous studies on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)from small animals such as rats and rabbits,but no few reports addressing BMSCs from big animals.OBJECTIVE:To observe in vitro cultured goat BMSCs,and to understand its biological properties.METHODS:A healthy Chinese goat aged ten months was obtained to extract 5 mL fresh bone marrow from the posterior superior iliac spine by puncture following anesthesia.Using the whole bone marrow method,the samples were incubated in a sterile plastic culture flask and added with DMEM/F12 containing 10% fetal bovine serum.Following 80% 90% confluence,cells were digested by trypsin.Cells at passage 3 in logarithmic phase were collected and frozen,and then recovered.Changes in cell morphology were observed using an inverted microscope.Cell growth curve was measured using MTT assay.The potential of osteogenic differentiation was examined utilizing Von Kossa's staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The primary cultured BMSCs were cultured with adherent growth.The cells were spindle form.Cell morphology following passage 3 was similar,showing long spindle shape.Following freezing and recovery,cell adherence was slower compared with subculture cells,and no significant difference was detected in cell morphology and viability compared with subculture cells.Growth cycle was similar in passage 3-passage 5 cells.BMSCs entered lag phase at days 2 and 3,logarithmic phase at day 3,and platform phase at days 6 and 7,and then growth speed was slow.Goat BMSCs were positive for Von Kossa's stain at 3 weeks following osteogenic induction.Results verified that cultured goat BMSCs showed strong genetic stability and proliferation ability,and differentiated into osteoblasts.

Objective To observe the effects and feasibility of using walking and breathing exercises to help patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the community.Methods A hundred and one communitydwelling patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were randomized into an experimental group (51 cases) and a control group (50 cases).The control group was given conventional pharmacotherapy,while the experimental group was given quantified walking (i.e.walking for a pre-set number of steps daily) and breathing exercises (15 minutes,3 sessions daily) to do at home for 48 weeks in addition to the conventional pharmacotherapy,.Both groups were evaluated before and after the 48 weeks of treatment using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT),a clinical COPD questionnaire,Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea scoring,a general anxiety/depression questionnaire and a pulmonary function test.In addition,days of hospitalization and incidence of acute exacerbation were also recorded and compared between the 2 groups.Results Among the 101 cases,92 (91.1％) completed the study (45 in the experimental group,47 in the control group,a difference which was not statistically significant).After treatment,the average 6MWT distance in the experimental group was significantly increased and significantly greater than that in the control group.No statistically significant intra-group or inter-group differences were observed with regard to the pulmonary function test or the MRC dyspnea scores.Intra-group comparison and inter-group comparison of the clinical COPD questionnaire scores and anxiety/depression scores did,however,reveal statistically significant differences.There was no significant difference in the average number of acute attacks or in the length of hospital stays.Conclusions Quantified walking and breathing exercises are effective and feasible therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the community.

Objective To study the effects of vitamin A deficiency(VAD)and its supplementation on the skeletal growth in rats.Methods Eighteen female Wistar rats were randomly divided into VAD(Vit A 400 IU/kg diet,n=3),supplement(n=9)and control groups(normal diet Vit A 6 500 IU/kg,n=6).The supplement groups were randomly divided into 3 sub-groups,and their diet was changed to Vit A 6 500 IU/kg diet from 14 d after pregnancy,0 d and 4 weeks after birth respectively until they were 7 weeks age old.When they were 0 day,4 and 7 weeks old,their body weight,the length of the tibia,serum Vit A level were measured,and the histology of growth plate was also observed.Results At every measuring times,the serum Vit A level was significantly lower,and the tibial length was shorter in VAD group than in the control(P

Objective To explore the mechanism of the Jiedu Huayu Ⅱ Decoction in actue hepatic failure.MethodsThe acute hepatic failure rat models were induced with thioacetamide (TAA).84 SPF Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups randomly:blank group,model group,low dose group,middle dose group,high dose group,lactulose group,and the Angong Niuhuang Pill group.The drugs were administrated by gavage 3 d before model-making,5.5 d in total.The expression of Bcl-2,cytochrome C in mitochondrial and cytoplasm were measured with Western Blot.ResultsThe expression of Bcl-2 reduced in mitochondrial,the expression of cytochrome C increased in cytoplasm and reduce in mitochondrial in model group compare with that of blank group.Jiedu Huayu Ⅱ Decoction was able to enhance the expression of Bcl-2 and restrain cytochrome C release from mitochondrial to cytoplasm.Moreover,it shows dose-effect relation.ConclusionThe protection of Jiedu Huayu Ⅱ Decoction for hepatocyte in acute hepatic failure rats maybe relate to the increase of Bcl-2 in mitochondrial,blocking the mitochondrial permeability transition pore to arrest cytochrome C releasing.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of long incision and reticular incision in the treatment of osteofascial compartment syndrome(OCS)in children.Methods The study involved 56 children with OCS who met failure of the conservative treatment.The injury sites included mainly the forearm and the leg.All the children underwent decompression by a small reticular incision procedure from January 2000 to May 2009.The fractures were treated with one stage reduction and fixation or second stage open reduction.Meanwhile,the study involved another 21 children(including 13 earthquake victims)who were treated with long incision for open decompression in the other hospitals before admission.All the wounds were healed by direct suture or dermatoplasty after 1-5 weeks of infection control.Bacterial culture was performed in all the wounds.The fractures were treated with secondary open reduction and fixation.Bacteria culture was done in all wounds.Results The reticular incisional wounds of 56 patients were healed free from dermatoplasty,with no infection or sensory dysfunction.Among 21 patients treated with long incision,the bacteria culture was positive in 16 patients(including 13 earthquake victims)and verve injury found in five patients(including two with radial nerve injury and three with peroneal nerve injury).Four patients with partial or complete cut-off of the verves were improved after repair by secondary operation.Direct suture of incisions was done in nine patients and skin graft performed in 12,with average healing time for three weeks.The patients were followed up for mean 5.6 years,which showed no claw hands,with overall satisfactory rate for about 98% and 95% respectively in two groups according to the probation standard of amputated finger function evaluation from the Hand Surgery Plant of Chinese Medical Association.Conclusions Both long incision and reticular incision procedures can be used early in the treatment of pediatric OCS,while the reticular incision procedure is more convenient and simple,with less complications.

Objective To study the relationship between the change in serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and endostatin (ES) after trascatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and the prognosis of patients with liver carcinoma. Methods Serum VEGF and endostatin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay in 120 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before and a week after TACE.Results Among patients with large (diameter ≥5 cm) tumors , the serum levels of ES and VEGF before and after TACE are 43.35 ( ±9.80),48.35 ( ± 10.89), 310.23 (±64.31) ,and 369.10 ( ±60. 11) ng/ml respectively. Among patients with portal vein tumor thrombus, the corresponding figures are 54.28 (±8.78 ),50.28 (±7.51), 331.26 (±63.38) and 400.29 (±60.98) ng/ml. The levels of VEGF and ES were significantly related to the presence of portal vein tumor thrombus, the clinicopathological grade and size of the tumor(P ＜0.05 ). Patients with a higher grade tumor were more likely to have elevated levels of VEGF and ES.So are patients with more advanced stage tumors. In addition, higher levels of VEGF and ES in serum are associated with worse survival. Conclusion Elevated serum VEGF and endostatin levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are closely correlated with the grade and size of the tumor, and the presence of portal vein tumor thrombus. Serum VEGF and ES level may be used for predicting the biological behavior, invasion, metastasis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective:To screen antigen of Helicobacter pylori outer membrane proteins by murine infection model.Methods:Parallel two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D) of outer membrane proteins extracted from Helicobacter pylori strain SS1 was performed.Western blot of a duplicate 2D gel hybridized with serum from H.pylori-infected murine was employed.Immunogenic H.pylori proteins identified in this way were digested in gel by trypsin and the mass of generated peptides were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).The data obtained from peptide mass finger-printing (PMF) were searched using the internet available database.Results:32 proteins were identified and they are in good agreement with typical protective antigens which reacted with serum from H.pylori-infected patients.Conclusion:The results suggest that murine model of H.pylori may be valid to screen antigens for human vaccination and the proteins identified in this paper are valuable for the selection of H.pylori protective antigens as well.