Functional voiding disorder is characterized by symptoms referable to the genitourinary organs without organic obstruction or neurovesical dysfunction. In an attempt to understand possible mechanisms of symptoms of functional voiding disorder in young male adult, we retrospectively reviewed the urodynamic findings of 51 men with functional voiding disorder between the ages of 19 and 51 (mean 40.7 years). Presenting symptoms are divided into three groups: 1) Sx. of irritation(irritation group) in 17 patients; 2) Sx. of bladder outlet obstruction(BOO group) in 25 patients; 3) Sx. of bladder outlet obstruction with episodes of overdistention (overdistention group) in 9 patients. On filling cystometry, time of first filling sense and urge sense was delayed significantly in overdistention group and involuntary contraction was found in 5 patients with BOO(20%), in 3 patients with irritation(18%), and in 1 patients with episodes of overdistention. In overdistention group, maximal voiding detrusor pressure was significantly lower and amount of postvoiding residual urine was significantly larger than other two group on pressure/flow study. Total voiding time and time to maximal uroflow rate were delayed significantly in BOO and overdistention group. Pseudo detrusor-sphincter-dyssynergia was found in 3 patients among 25 patients with BOO. Therefore, we were able to find correlations between specific symptomatic group and urodynamic parameters by this result. Results of urodynamic assessment were divided into 5 categories: Impaired detrusor contractility(IDC), detrusor instability(DI), obstruction, sensory urge syndrome, and equivocal studies. DI was found in 20% of patients with irritation or BOO. IDC was found in 80% of patients with episodes of overdistention and in 24% of patients with BOO. Thorough care is necessary in determining the treatment modality, and in follow up evaluation for patients showing IDC, DI or obstruction on urodynamic study. Conclusively, urodynamic study is thought to afford the opportunity in identifying these specific voiding disorder.
Adult ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urodynamics* ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Twins, Conjoined*

No abstract available.
Twins, Conjoined*

Adult Wilms' tumor is rare unlike its pediatric counterpart. Because there is no specific radiologic findings of adult Wilms' tumor it is very difficult to diagnose the adult Wilms' tumor preoperatively and the final diagnosis is usually established with surgery. We report a case of Wilms' tumor in 26 years old postpartum woman with review of the literature.
Adult* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Postpartum Period ; Wilms Tumor*

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is very uncommon tumor and it's clinical entity is characterized by an aggressive clinical course with early metastases. We report a case of the primary small cell carcinoma of urinary bladder in a 66 year old man who was managed by partial cystectomy and combined chemotherapy using cisplatin and etoposide.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Cisplatin ; Cystectomy ; Drug Therapy ; Etoposide ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Paragonimiasis*

No abstract available.
Incidence*

Purpose: The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a peptide that has diverse biologic actions in human tissue and is thought to contribute to tumor development and progression. Increased TGF-beta1 levels were found in several types of malignant tumors. TGF-beta1 expression in RCC and adjacent normal kidney tissues was examined to determine the TGF-beta1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The TGF-beta1 protein levels in cancer and a normal portion of a specimen were analyzed in 61 radical nephrectomized clear cell type RCC by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with the results compared with the clinicopathological characteristics. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to localize their expression. RESULTS: Compared with non-tumor kidney specimens, primary renal cell carcinoma demonstrated a significantly higher TGF-beta1 protein level (p<0.001). There were significant differences in the TGF-beta1 level among the histological grade (p<0.01). The tissue TGF-beta1 level was the highest in T4 stage, but there was no statistical significance between the T stages. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that TGF-beta1 was localized to the tumor cytoplasm and their intensity reflected the protein expression level in these tissues. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that enhanced TGF-beta1 expression contributes to carcinogenesis and tumor progression in the later stages of renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cytoplasm ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Kidney ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

PURPOSE: Intrahepatic duct stones have been known to be a benign disease but because of the associated serious complications and the high recurrence rate, the management of the hepatolithiasis is very difficult. This purpose of this study was to classify the patterns of intrahepatic duct stones, and to evaluate the effect of surgical treatment according to their type and the residual stones that were present. METHODS: The clinical records of 212 patients who underwent a hepatic resection or drainage procedures between January 1988 and December 2000 were reviewed. RESULTS: We classified the intrahepatic duct stones as being either a localized simple type, a localized complicated type, a diffuse simple type, or a diffuse complicated type. Hepatic resections were performed in 177 (83.5%) cases. Among these we performed a hepatic resection along with drainage procedures in 41 cases (19.3%). In 35 (16.5%) cases, only drainage procedures were performed. Of a total of 25 cases of postoperative residual stones (25 cases), 13 (52%) cases were removed completely or partially by choledochoscopic procedures in 13 (52%) cases and in 15 (60.0%) cases they were removed completely or partially by spontaneous drainages. CONCLUSION: Our conclusions were that the, localized type of the IHD stones were treated successfully by a hepatic resection and the localized complicated type and the diffuse type IHD stones were treated effectively by hepatic resection and drainage procedures which reduced the opportunity for residual stones to develop following an accurate preoperative diagnosis of the location of the stones. Therefore, treatment methods should be individualized for each type of stone and by surgical treatments that combine endoscopic and resolution methods.
Classification* ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Humans ; Recurrence