Objective To explore the function of unfolded protein response(UPR) in the differentiation of neural cells. Methods In this study, all trans retinoic acid was used to induce the mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to differentate, immunocytochemistry and RT PCR were adopted to detect the expression of neural specific markers. With this differentiation system derived from ES cells, the expression of UPR molecules was assayed by RT PCR and Western blot respectively. Results Large amount of cells expressing neural tissue specific markers were obtained. With the differentiation of the cells, the expressions of Irel ? declined in different degree in both RA treated and untreated cells, the expression level was lower in RA untreated cells than that in RA treated cells. The expression of Grp78 was up regulated in RA induced cells, however, no increase of the expression of Grp78 could be detected in RA untreated cells.Conclusion RA induced differentiation of ES cells could be used as the neural differentiation model. The expressions of UPR molecules were associated with expressions of neural tissue specific marker molecules, which suggested that UPR signaling might play a role in neural cell differentiation. [

It is an urgent task to purify drinking water and treat industrial wastewater at present.In this paper,the operating principle of the electro -hydraulic impulse apparatus and its sterilization effect is introduced,which is effective in purifying drinking water and treating wastewater.Based on the laboratorial data and theory analysis,method of parameter selection for the apparatus is also presented.

The application of resonance charging circuit to electro-hydraulic impulse apparatus for treating wastewater is introduced in this paper.The circuit permits the graduating increase of current without influence from time.The unique change of voltage on capacitor is favorable for the recovery of electric strength of electro-hydraulic impulse apparatus.The theory and design method of resonance charging circuit are provided.

The electrohydraulic impulse water treatment equipment is developed to purify the drinking water and treat with the wastewater from industry production and living.Taken as the negative electrode,the air jet nozzle can input the air or oxygen into the working chamber,and thus the equipment is turned into a generator of low-temperature plasma ozone and its sterilization effect is vastly enhanced.According to experimentations and references,the factors that influence the erosion of electrode are discussed in detail in this paper.The metal ions in water have to be limited during the electrohydraulic impulse sterilization,or the sterilization effect will be weaken.

Objective To summarize the effect of treatment for common bile duct stones by laparoscope combined with choledocho-scope, and to assess the feasibility in judgment the patency of common bile duct by stone basket. Methods To review and analyze the clini-cal data of 32 patients who were given choledocholithiasis operation through laparoscope combined with choledochoscope,and the operation method,effect and complications were compared. Results In this research,32 choledocholithiasis operations were carried out using laparo-scope combined with choledochoscope from January 2013 to January 2014. The stones of 31 patients were taken out completely,and there were no stone in the other patient. All 32 patients recovered without any complication. After operation,all 32 patients showed unrestricted inferior bile common duct and no residual stone by T-tube cholangiography. Conclusion It showed satisfactory effect in treatment of choledocholithi-asis by laparoscope combined with choledochoscope. Compared to traditional laparotomy,which showed less injure and faster recovery. It is a simple and feasible method to judge the patency of common bile duct using large size stone basket combined with methylene blue injection.

Objective To investigate the relationship between antipituitary antibodies (APAs) and hypopituiarism following traumatic brain injury (TBI),as well as the severity of brain injury.Methods The study included 73 patients who suffered TBI 9 to 12 months ago and were diagnosed with hypopituitarism during the follow-up.Based on their Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission they were categorized into three groups:A (3-8),B (9-12) and C (13-15).Levels of plasma pituitary hormones (GH,TT,FT3 and FSH/LH) and APAs were measured in all patients with chemiluminescence assays and ELISA,respectively.Results Patients in group A had higher levels of APAs and lower levels of hormones compared with those in group B(P＜0.001) or group C(P＜0.001),while no significant difference was found between group B and group C for levels of either APAs (P＞0.05) or hormones (P＞0.05).Levels of APAs were negatively correlated with both GH (r=-0.64071,P＜0.001) and GCS (r=-0.50132,P＜0.001).Conclusion The present investigation provides preliminary evidence that APAs may be associated with the development of TBI-induced hypopituiarism.It suggests that the severity of hypopituiarism following TBI could be predicted by measuring the level of APAs.