Aim Fuzhisan ( FZS ) , a Chinese herbal complex prescription that has been used for the treat-ment of AD for over 15 years, is known to enhance the cognitive ability in AD patients. In this study, to in-vestigate whether FZS reduces Aβ25-35-induced Tau protein hyperphosphorylation in neonatal rat cortical neurons by suppressing the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 ( CDK5 ) pathway. Methods Neonatal Wistar rats born within 24 h were selected to separate and purify their cortical neurons for culture in vitro. After 7-day culture of cortical neurons in vitro, 20 μmol · L-1 Aβ25-35 was used to act on them for 24 h. Medication groups were pretreated with FZS ( 20 mg · L-1 ) , CDK5 inhibitor roscovitine ( 15 μmol · L-1 ) and cal-pain preparation calpeptin (20 μmol·L-1 ) for 24 h, followed by reaction with 20 μmol·L-1 Aβ25-35 for 24 h. Tau protein phosphorylation levels at Ser396, Ser202 and Thr231 and the protein level of CDK5 acti-vator proteins p25/p35 were assayed by Western blot. Fluorescence intensity was measured with a fluores-cence microplate reader to reflect calpain activity. CDK5 kinase activity was assayed by immunoprecipita-tion. Results After 20 μmol·L-1 Aβ25-35 acting on cortical neurons for 24h, there were increments in the following: Tau protein phosphorylation levels at Ser396, Ser202 and Thr231, CDK5 kinase activity, CDK5 activator protein p25 level, and calpain activity. In the 20 mg·L-1 FZS treatment group, Aβ25-35 was suppressed markedly, resulting in increments in Tau protein phosphorylation levels at Ser396 , Ser202 and Thr231 , suppression of CDK5 kinase activity and p25 protein level, and elevation in calpain activity. Both CDK5 inhibitor roscovitine and calpain preparation cal-peptin, as positive control drugs, also played a role in suppressing Tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Con-clusion FZS can suppress Aβ25-35-induced Tau pro-tein hyperphosphorylation in cortical neurons through the calpain/CDK5 pathway.

AIM To investigate the protective effects of three flavonoids quercetin,rutoside and flavone on the intestinal mucosal injury induced by burn in mice. METHOD The change of injury index of small intestine was assayed and the content of protein and DNA were measured. DTNB method were adopted to measure the GSH content in the intestinal mucosa. The level of DNA damaged were determined by measuring the fluorescence. RESULTS The condition of injury of intestinal mucosa were improved in varying degrees after these favonoids were given introgastrically for 3 days. The injury index of intestinal mucosa decreased and the content of protein,DNA and GSH increased. The degrees of DNA damage were reduced also.Quercetin was the most effective one among these three flavonoids. CONCLUSION The flavonoids of quercetin, rutoside and flavone have obvious protective effects on burn induced intestinal mucosal injury, and the mechanism may be related to its antioxydation function.

ObjectiveTo study effect of head acupuncture combined with facilitation techniques on movement function, ADL, nervous function and prevention of complication, etc. after stroke.Methods120 stroke patients were divided randomly into four groups, group 1 for head acupuncture with facilitation techniques, group 2 for head acupuncture, group 3 for facilitation techniques, and group 4 for control. Fugl Meyer Assessment(FMA), Clinical Nervous Functional Damage Degree(CNFDD), Quality of Life(QOL), etc. were applied to assess movement and nervous function before and after treatment. ResultsThe scores of FMA, CNFDD and ADL rised more significantly in group 1, 2 and 3 than group 4 (P<0.01). The complications, such as shoulder joint semi dislocation, shoulder hand syndrome, decreased more obviously in group 1 than in group 2, 3 and 4(P>0.05).Conclusions Head acupuncture combined with facilitation techniques can improve the movement function and activity of daily living of the stroke patients, decreasing complication.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of operation on complex laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods The clinical data of patients underwent complex laparoscopic cholecystectomy since 1990 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Except 2 patients treated by abdominal operation, other patients were treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy successfully. Conclusion The complex laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and feasible with sufficient evaluation before operation and proper management during operation.

BACKGROUND: Primary progressive aphasia syndrome(PPA) is an unusual type of dementia, and the relevant reports are very rare in China.OBJECTIVE: To describe a Chinese PPA patient with non-fluent aphasia as the main clinical characteristic.DESIGN: An observed trial and a case analysis based on patients.SETTING: Department of Neurology in a hospital of a university and a general hospital of a military area command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANT: The patient was a 64-year-old and right-handed man, who hospitalizated in First Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University in April 2002.METHODS: Neuropsychological assessment, head structural computed tomograph and magnetic resonance imaging and functional single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) imaging were used in this patient.ing results.RESULTS: Neuropsychological testing revealed predominantly non-fluent aphasia, anomia was the earliest symptom. CT scan and MRI revealed atrophy of left temporal convexities and enlarged sylvian fissures. SPECT exhibited hypoperfusion in the left temporal, frontal, and partially parietal areas.CONCLUSION: The clinical symptoms, the neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings fit the diagnosis of PPA.

Objective To explore the early diagnostic value of quantitative sensory testing (QST) in diabetes with peripheral neuropathy (PNP).Methods The nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and QST were examined in 46 diabetic patients, and their results were compared. Results The abnormal ratio of NCV in 46 patients was 72.8%. 32 cases (69.6%) were diagnosed as diabetes with PNP. While using QST, the abnormal ratio was 91.3%. 40 cases (86.9%) were diagnosed as diabetes with PNP. There was a significant difference between two methods ( P

The incidence of warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage is increasing gradually. Its early mortality is as high as 50%. The risk factors include advanced age, international normalized ratio > 3.5, hypertension, previous stroke, leukoaraiosis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and concomitant antiplatelet therapy, etc. Its prognosis was poor and there is no optimal treatment.

Prasugrel is a member of the thienopyridine class of oral antiplatelet agents.A single oral administration of prasugrel produced a dose-related inhibition of platelet aggrega-tion in rats that was approximately 10 and 100 fold more potent than that of clopidogrel and ticiopidine, respectively. The antiaggregatory effect of prasugrei was evident at 30 minutes and lasted until 72 hours after dosing, indicating fast onset and long duration of action. Combined administration of prasugrel with aspirin produced substantially greater inhibition of both platelet aggregation and thrombus formation compared with each agent alone. Clinical studies in patients with cardiovascular disease confirmed the potent antiplatelet effect of prasugrel compared with ciopidogrel. Prasugrei is a highly effective antiplatelet and antithrombotic agent and is anticipa-ted to be effective in the treatment of atherothrombotic and other ischemic vascular diseases.

Objective To observe the effects of quercetin on PGE 2 release and cyclooxygenase activity in IEC 6 cells stimulated by the serum of burned rats. Methods The PGE 2 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and the changes of cyclooxygenase activity were determined by substrate fluorescence analysis. Results Stimulated by the serum of burned rats, the PGE 2 level increased first and then obviously decreased. Quercetin at 0.1 and 1.0 ?mol/L enhanced the PGE 2 level after the stimulation of IEC 6 cells for 24 h. There was no obvious change in total cyclooxygenase activity, but the activity ratio of COX 1 to COX 2 significantly decreased. Conclusion Quercetin might influence the release of cyclooxygenase metabolite PGE 2 through the regulation of COXs activity in IEC 6 cells.