Objective To reduce the occurrence of nursing adverse events in emergency first aid and improve the safety of nursing.Methods To set up the quality control (QC) team,root cause analysis (RCA) method was applied to analyze the occurrence of nursing adverse events in emergency first aid in our department from December 2008 to December 2011.Measures were produced by identifying the reasons of the proximal and the root cause.Lots of measures had been taken,such as revising the nursing working process and regime,changing the work schedule,strengthening education of nurses risk consciousness and the communication ability,paying attention to the details of daily nursing work management.Results In December 2012,nursing adverse events in our hospital was reduced from 9.81％ to 2.75％ in 2011.Conclusions The key point to reduce nursing adverse events in emergency first aid is to perfect nursing working process and regime,improve the ability to solve emergency first aid events and nursing crisis consciousness training,practice flexible working schedule and attach importance to the detail management.

Objective To assess the preventive effects of FK506 and Leflunomide (Lef) on islet xenograft acute rejection in rat-to-mouse models. Methods The islets of rat were transplanted under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse. The recipients were randomly divided into control group, un-treatment group, mono-therapy group and combination-therapy group. All immunosuppressants were administrated daily from 0 to 9 days. CD4 +\, CD8 + T-cell subsets and IL-2 were examined on the 5?th day after transplantation. Results Compared with un-treatment group, xenoislet survival could be significally prolonged in mono-therapy group. Combination-therapy of FK506 with Lef could significantly prolong the survival of xenoislet when compared with FK506 or Lef used alone. The number of CD4 + T-cells in mono-therapy group and combination-therapy group was much less than in un-treatment group. Conclusion Both FK506 and Lef can suppress proliferation of CD4 + T-cells and prevent or delay islet xenograft rejection.

Objective To explore the operative technique of endoscopic thyroidectomy and prevent its complications.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 32 patients with benign thyroid diseases who were treated with endoscopic thyroidectomy between May 2002 and March 2005.Results Thirty-two cases were successfully treated with the mean operation time 130 min(80～180 min).Twelve cases with thyroid adenomas and 20 cases with thyroid tubers were confirmed by histologic examinations.In this group,the postoperative complications included fat liquefaction in 2 cases and transient hoarseness in 1 case who recovered 3 months after operation.No parathyroid injury occurred.The drainage tubes were removed 2~3 days after operation.All of the patients were discharged 2~5 days after operation.Conclusion Endoscopic thyroidectomy is safe and feasible with favorable cosmetic effect.

Objective To observe the protective effect of Ulinastatin in rat islet isolation and advance an improved method in rat pancreas islet isolation.Methods Rat pancreas was perfused with Hanks solution containing collagenase. The rats were divided into 3 group according the Ulinastatin concentrations in collagense: low-concentration Ulinastatin ( 2500 U/ml) group, high-concentration Ulinastatin ( 5000 U/ml) and control group (no Ulinastatin). The isolated pancreases were compared among the groups. Results The shape and number of the isolated pancreases in low-concentration Ulinastatin and high-concentration Ulinastatin groups were superior to those in control group (P

0.05). But there were statistic difference in the those indexes and pathological changes of bile duct and liver between A and ligation groups on the 30th and 90th day after operation (P

Objective To detect the changes of cell invasion and proliferation in hepatocellular carcino -ma cell line HepG2 through the upregulation of miR -222.Methods The expression of miR-222 was up-reg-ulated by liposomal transfection .The expression of PTEN which is the targeting protein of miR -222 was detected by using Western Blot assay .The changes of proliferative capacity and invasive ability in HepG 2 cells after the upregulation of miR-222 were detected through MTT assay and Transwell assay .Results In Western Blot ex-periments,the expression of PTEN in transfection groups were lower than that in negative control groups and blank control groups.In MTT assay,the OD values in transfected group were higher than that in negative control group and blank control group(P<0.05).In transwell experiments,the number of penetrating cells in transfected group were higher than that in negative control group and blank control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Our results sug-gest that PTEN is significantly down regulated by the upregulation of miR -222.The proliferative capacity and inva-sive ability are raised in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG 2 through the upregulation of miR-222.

Objective:Tumor suppressor gene nitrogen permease regulator like 2 (NPRL2), also called tumor suppressor candidate gene 4 (TUSC4), widely exists in all kinds of human tissues and is highly conserved in different kinds of biological species. The expression of NPRL2 is markedly decreased in many human tumor tissues, such as lung cancer, breast cancer,renal carcinoma, et al. NPRL2 is located in human chromosome 3p2.13, and participates in DNA mismatch modification, regulation of signal transduction du-ring cell cycle progression, and apoptosis induction. NPRL2 gene inactivation is related with the initiation and progression of several malignant tumors. The mechanism underlying the tumor-inhibiting activity of NPRL2 gene is not clear and needs to be further investigated.

Objective To compare the immune regulation of syngenic and allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the transplantation combined with islets. Methods After induction of diabetes in 30 Lewis rats with streptozotocin (STZ), the recipient Lewis rats received islets from SD rats combined with syngenic (group B) or allogenic (group C) MSCs injection via the portal vein. The group of islets transplanted alone served as control (group A). The survival time of grafts in all groups was assessed by the level of blood glucose. ELISA was used to detect the levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-4 and IL-10 in the peripheral blood on the 1st and 3rd day after transplantation. Results The blood glucose levels in all three groups were decreased in a normal range (13. 9 mmol/L) and the survival time of grafts in group B (11.38 ± 4. 03 days) was significantly longer than in group C (5. 50± 2. 07 days) as well as group A (2. 88 ± 1.25 days). On the 1 st and 3rd day after transplantation, the levels of TH 1 cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in group A were significantly higher than in groups C and B (P＜0.05). Meanwhile the levels of TH 2 cytokine IL-10were increased in group B, but there was no significant difference between groups A and C (P＞0.05). The levels of IL-4 had no significant difference among these three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Islet transplantation combined with MSCs could prolong the survival time of grafts.Syngenic MSCs, superior to allogenic ones, were more effective in changing the balance of TH1/TH2to TH2. Decreased expression of TH1 cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-2), which was closely related to the induction of immune tolerance, was beneficial to the long-term survival of grafts.

Clinical data of 21 pregnant women with scrub typhus were analyzed retrospectively.They all had fever,13 of them with lymph nodes enlargement,12 with skin rashes,11 with eschar or ulcer,and 20 positive with Weil-Felix reaction.Oxytetracycline was given in 17 of them and other four were treated by azithromycin,with all cured.Seven of them gave natural childbirth at the 37th week of gestation,nine were aborted inductively,three aborted spontaneously and two delivered premature births.Scrub typhus was harmful to both pregnant women and their fetuses,early diagnosis and treatment are necessary for patients with it for avoiding exacerbation and reducing fatality.

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor. Early diagnosis and treatment is one of the most important clinical challenges. Since MicroRNA is discovered to closely relate to cancer, it has been suggested to be used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. This review focuses on recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of MicroRNA in colon cancer and the role of MicroRNA in Wnt signaling pathways and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways.