Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH ) is a chronic progressive disease characterized by a persistent elevation of pul-monary vascular pressure,and the disease would limit the right ventricular function severely,fail the organ and even lead to death in the end.The histopathological change of PAH is fea-tured by the restructuring of pulmonary vessels,and the abnor-mal reproduction of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs)in peripheral vessels is the major pathological basis of pulmonary vascular restructuring.This paper mainly reviews the research advances on signal transduction mechanisms and their inhibitors in promoting the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.

Objective_To investigate the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha ( HIF-1α) inhibitor YC-1 on hy-poxia induced human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells ( HPASMCs) proliferation, apoptosis and the expression of P53, and to explore the molecular mechanism in the processes.Methods_HPASMCs were cultured in DMEM me-dium supplemented with 10%FBS in vitro.Then divided them into four groups:normoxia, hypoxia and hypoxia+YC-1(0.01 and 0.05 mmol/L).Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 and apoptosis was detected by flow cytom-etry.The expressions of HIF-1αand P53 were tested by Western blot, and the mRNA expression of P53 was tested by RT-PCR.Results_Hypoxia can promote the proliferation of HPASMCs.Treatment of HPASMCs with different concentrations of YC-1 intervention for 24h obviously dropped proliferation rate (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate increased significantly (P<0.05).YC-1 can also down-regulate the expression of HIF-1αand up-regulate the ex-pression of P53 significantly ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions_YC-1 can inhibit hypoxia-induced HPASMCs proliferation and promote apoptosis, the mechanism is potentially related to the up-regulation of P53 expression.

Objective To construct recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the human HSP75 gene and detect its expression in C17.2 neural stem cells. Methods HSP75 gene was amplified from plasmid carrying the human HSP75 gene and inserted to the polyclonal site of adenovirus shuttle plasmid pHBAd-MCMV-GFP. HEK293 cells were co-transfected with the constructed recombinant shuttle plasmid pHBAd-MCMV-HSP75-GFP and large adenovirus helper plasmid pHBAd-BHGloxΔE1,3 Cre in mediation of LipofiterTM. The recombinant adenovirus was obtained and the viral titer was examined using the method of TCID50. The transfection and expression of HSP75 was detected by fluorescence microscope, flow cytometer and Western blotting. Results Restriction digestion, sequencing analysis and PCR amplification revealed the successful construction of recombinant shuttle plasmid and recombinant adenovirus. The titer of recombinant adenovirus was 1.0×1010 PFU/ml. Western blotting indicated HSP75 gene could be expressed effectively in neural stem cells after transfection. Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus vector carrying HSP75 gene was successfully constructed and can be expressed after transfected in C17.2 neural stem cells.

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture combined with edaravone on the conduction velocity of sciatic nerve and oxidative stress in rats with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods 60 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were included. 10 of them were selected as normal group. The other rats were modeled as diabetic peripheral neuropathy with streptozotocin. 48 of them were randomly selected and divided into electroacupuncture group (n=12), edaravone group (n=12), electroacupuncture + edaravone group (n=12), and model group (n=12). The threshold temperature for wave tail was tested, the levels of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were determined, and the conduction velocity of sciatic nerve were measured, before, and 4 and 8 weeks after modeling. Results 8 weeks after modeling, the conduction velocity and SOD increased in the electroacupuncture group, edaravone group and electroacupuncture+edaravone group compared with the model group (P<0.01), with the MDA decrease (P<0.01), while it was improved more in the electroacupuncture+edaravone group than in the electroacupuncture group or the edaravone group (P<0.01). Conclusion Both electroacupuncture and edaravone can inhibit oxidative stress and improve nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve in rats with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and it is more effective of combination.

Objective To investigate the factors influencing the disease-free survival (DFS) and prognosis of patients with non small cell lung cancer after Ⅲa stage resection, and to evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine intervention.Methods A total of 148 cases met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The DFS, 1-, 2- and 3-year disease-free survival rates were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis were used to investigate the prognostic factors.Results In the analysis of 148 cases, the DFS was 17.49 months, 1 years, 2 years, 3 years disease-free survival rates were 62％, 40％, 29％. Single factor analysis showed that the duration of DFS was 21.03 months, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001) for 8.26 months without the intervention of Chinese medicine (TCM). Open chest surgery, syndrome differentiation, oral medicine, oral medicine dialectical decoction continuous time, vein used traditional Chinese medicine preparation course, traditional Chinese medicine to the route of administration, multidisciplinary intervention methods for prognosis related factors(P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that vein used traditional Chinese medicine preparation course (≥4 courses) and traditional Chinese medicine intervention (≥six months time), syndrome differentiation, oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine combined with intravenous preparations continued administration were the non-independent protective factors for disease-free survival and prognosis (P<0.05). Postoperative application of intravenous formulation more than or equal to four courses showed 57.1％ risks of recurrence and metastasis than the those fewer than 4 courses. After operation is Postoperative continued intervention of traditional Chinese medicine more than or equal to 6 months showed 50.4％ risks of recurrence and metastasis than the those fewer than 6 months. Postoperative adminstration of intravenous and oral traditional Chinese medicine showed 27.7％ risks of recurrence and metastasis than the those fewer than only TCM syndromes differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine.Conclusions The combination of syndrome differentiation with oral and intravenous application of traditional Chinese medicine helps to delay the recurrence and metastasis of postoperative stage Ⅲa NSCLC.

Objective To verify the reliability of our previously established reverse-transcription loop-mediated isother-mal amplification ( RT-LAMP) method for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes metastasis in breast cancer patients .Meth-ods Sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer patients were analyzed by RT-LAMP and FDA-approved GeneSearch methods respectively, and the consistency of the two methods was assessed with a kappa concordance test.Results One hundred and thirty-four cases of sentinel lymph node samples were collected from seven hospitals in Beijing .Using the GeneSearch assay as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity and consistentcy of RT-LAMP were 96.2%(25/26),96.3%(104/108) and 96.3%(129/134), respectively.Statistical analysis showed that the two methods were consistent (Kappa=0.8857, P<0.001).Conclusion RT-LAMP is highly consistent with GeneSearch ,efficient,simple and inexpensive, promising a good prospect of application to intra-operative detection of sentinel lymph nodes metastasis for breast cancer patients.

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of bacteria in urine of patients with ureteral stent crusting.Methods:Thirty-five patients who underwent ureteral stent placement at the Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan Central Hospital, and Jinan Jigang Hospital were selected from October, 2018 to March, 2019(the clinical study registration number is ChiCTR1800020025). The inclusion criteria were patients who had the stent intubated for 4 weeks after ureteroscopic lithotripsy, aged between 18 and 65 years. Exclusion criteria were patients with positive urine bacterial culture, severe gross hematuria, recent oral antibiotics, and patients with significant residual stones. This clinical study uses a cross-sectional study method, and those patients were divided into crusting group (n=23) and non-crusting group (n=12) according to the presence or absence of stent crusting. On the day of extubation, urine of the patients was collected for bacterial 16s DNA detection. The distribution characteristics of bacteria in urine of the two groups were analyzed using UPARSE, UCHIME and RDP calssifier. The total number of bacteria species, bacterial abundance and bacterial species with large-scale abundance in urine of the two groups were determined. The quantity of bacteria species and bacterial abundance in the urine between the two groups were compared, and the bacterial species with large-scale abundance in urine of the patients with stent crusting were identified.Results:There were no significant differences in general information such as age, body mass index, gender, affected side, type of stent tube, and stone composition between the two groups. Using 16s DNA sequencing to detect the bacteria in the urine of the two groups revealed that the number of bacterial species with abundance >1% was 11, and the number of bacterial species with abundance >0.01% was 74 in the crusting group. In the non-crusting group, the number of bacterial species with abundance >1% and >0.01% was 7 and 11, respectively. Compared with the non-crusting group, the number of bacterial species with abundance >1% in the crusting group was significantly larger ( t=5.12, P=0.000). In the crusting group, bacterial species with the top three abundance were g_Lactobacillus (23.1%), g_Bacteroides (18.8%) and g_norank_Bacteroides (17.1%). In the non-crusting group, bacterial species with the top three abundance were g_Escherichia-Shigella (32.2%), g_Enterococcus (24.9%) and g_Pseudomonas (18.2%). The three bacteria with the greatest difference between the two groups were g_ Lactobacillus ( P=0.010), g_Bacteroides ( P=0.004) and g_norank_Bacteroides ( P=0.004), respectively. Conclusion:The species and quantity of bacteria in the urine of patients with stent crusting are both significantly larger than those of patients without stent crusting. Bacteroides with larger-scale abundance in the urine of patients with stent crusting may promote the deposition of crystals on the stent wall through its structure, function and urease positive characteristics.

To develop a new recombinant hepatitis E vaccine, we used Hansenula polymorpha expression system to express recombinant hepatitis E virus-like particles (HEV VLPs), to construct a recombinant engineered strain HP/HEV2.3. The fermentation conditions and purification process were studied next. The first working seed lots were fermented in liquid culture, and the fermentation products were collected, then crushed, clarified, purified by ultrafiltration, silica gel adsorbed and desorbed, concentrated by ultrafiltration, purified by liquid chromatography and sterilized by filtration. The purity reached 99% with a yield of 33%. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that both the purified recombinant HEV VLPs from HP/HEV2.3 and natural hepatitis E virus particles appear identical of being 32 nm. The resulting DNA sequence obtained from VLPs is identical to the published HEV sequence. The SDS-PAGE analysis has revealed that the protein molecular weight of the HEV VLPs is 56 kDa, and the expression product HEV VLPs were accumulated up to 26% of total cellular protein. The expression level is 1.0 g/L. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results of the protein and ED₅₀ of the vaccine showed that the HEV VLPs have good antigenicity and immunogenicity. In summary, the recombinant HEV VLPs from Hansenula polymorpha can be used in the manufacture of a new genetically engineered vaccine against hepatitis E.

BACKGROUNDThis multicenter prospective study aimed to assess the utility of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer.

METHODSThe research subjects were drawn from patients with primary early resectable breast cancer treated in the breast disease centers of six three-level hospitals in Beijing from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012. The participants were allocated to a breast-conserving surgery group (breast-conserving group) or a total mastectomy group (total mastectomy group). Enhanced MRI was used to measure breast volume, longest diameter of tumor and tumor volume. The correlations between these measurements and those derived from histopathologic findings were assessed. The relationships between the success rate of breast-conserving surgery and MRI- and pathology-based measurement results were statistically analyzed in the breast-conserving group.

RESULTSThe study included 461 cases in the total mastectomy group and 195 in the breast-conserving group. Allocation to these groups was based on clinical indications and patient preferences. The cut-off for concurrence between MRI- and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was set at 0.3 cm. In the total mastectomy group, the confidence interval for 95% concurrence of these measurements was 35.41%-44.63%. Correlation coefficients for MRI and histopathology-based measurements of breast volume, tumor volume and tumor volume/breast volume ratio were r = 0.861, 0.569, and 0.600, respectively (all P < 0.001). In the breast-conserving group, with 0.30 cm taken as the cut-off for concurrence, the 95% confidence interval for MRI and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was 29.98%-44.01%. The subjective and objective success rates for breast-conserving surgery were 100% and 88.54%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThere were significant correlations between dynamic enhanced MRI- and histopathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of breast lesions, breast and tumor volumes, and breast volume/tumor volume ratios. Preoperative MRI examination improves the success rate of breast-conserving surgery.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies