1.Endoscopic Forehead Lift Without Muscle Resection and Facial Lift With Sure-Closure(TM).
Doo Heum BAEK ; Hee Youn CHOI ; Deok Kyoon AHN ; Hee Chang AHN ; Jai Mann LEW
Journal of the Korean Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 1999;5(1):57-68
No abstract available.
Forehead*
2.Changes in Preventable Death Rates and Traumatic Care Systems in Korea.
Hyun KIM ; Koo Young JUNG ; Sun Pyo KIM ; Sun Hyu KIM ; Hyun NOH ; Hye Young JANG ; Han Deok YOON ; Yun Jung HEO ; Hyun Ho RYU ; Tae oh JEONG ; Yong HWANG ; Jung Min JU ; Myeong Don JOO ; Sang Kyoon HAN ; Kwang Won CHO ; Ki Hoon CHOI ; Joon Min PARK ; Hyun Min JUNG ; Soo Bock LEE ; Yeon Young KYONG ; Ji Yeong RYU ; Woo Chan JEON ; Ji Yun AHN ; Jang Young LEE ; Ho Jin JI ; Tae Hun LEE ; Oh Hyun KIM ; Youg Sung CHA ; Kyung Chul CHA ; Kang Hyun LEE ; Sung Oh HWANG
Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine 2012;23(2):189-197
PURPOSE: This study was performed in order to determine the changes over time in preventable and potentially preventable traumatic death rates, and to assess the factors that affected the deaths of trauma patients which occurred in Korean pre-hospital and hospital settings. METHODS: All trauma deaths occurring either in the emergency department (ED) or after admission at twenty Korean hospitals between August 2009 and July 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The deaths were initially reviewed by a team of multidisciplinary specialists and classified into non-preventable, potentially preventable, and preventable deaths. Only preventable and potentially preventable deaths were the subject of our analysis. Structured data extraction included patient demographics, vital signs, injury severity, probability of survival, preventability of mortality, reported errors in the evaluation and management of the patient, and classification of error types (system, judgment, knowledge). RESULTS: During the study period, 446 trauma victims died in the ED or within 7 days after admission. The mean age was 52 years, 74.1% were men and the mean time from injury to death was 35.6 hours. The most common cause of death was head injury (44.7%) followed by hemorrhage (30.8%) and multi-organ failure (8.0%). The rates of preventable/potentially preventable deaths were 35.2% overall and 29.8% when limited to patients surviving to admission. Of all death classifications, 31.2% were potentially preventable and 4.0% were preventable. Errors leading to preventable death occurred in the emergency department (51.2%), pre-hospital setting (30.3%) and during inter-hospital transfer (60.8%). Most errors were related to clinical management (48.4%) and structural problems in the emergency medical system (36.5%). CONCLUSION: The preventable death rates for Korean trauma victims were higher than those found in other developed countries, possibly due to poorly established emergency medical systems for trauma victims in pre-hospital and hospital settings. A system wide approach based on the emergency medical system and well-developed in-hospital trauma teams should be adopted in order to improve the quality of care of trauma victims in Korea.
Cause of Death
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Craniocerebral Trauma
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Demography
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Developed Countries
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Emergencies
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Emergency Medical Services
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Hemorrhage
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Humans
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Judgment
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Korea
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Male
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Retrospective Studies
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Specialization
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Vital Signs
3.A Comparison of Tiotropium 18microgram, Once Daily and Ipratropium 40microgram, 4 Times Daily in a Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Efficacy and Safety Study in Adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Seung Joon KIM ; Myung Sook KIM ; Sang Haak LEE ; Young Kyoon KIM ; Hwa Sik MOON ; Sung Hak PARK ; Sang Yeub LEE ; Kwang Ho IN ; Chang Youl LEE ; Young Sam KIM ; Hyung Jung KIM ; Chul Min AHN ; Sung Kyu KIM ; Kyung Rok KIM ; Seung Ick CHA ; Tae Hoon JUNG ; Mi Ok KIM ; Sung Soo PARK ; Cheon Woong CHOI ; Jee Hong YOO ; Hong Mo KANG ; Won Jung KOH ; Hyoung Suk HAM ; Eun Hae KANG ; O Jung KWON ; Yang Deok LEE ; Heung Bum LEE ; Yong Chul LEE ; Yang Keun RHEE ; Won Hyuk SHIN ; Sung Yeon KWON ; Woo Jin KIM ; Chul Gyu YOO ; Young Whan KIM ; Young Soo SHIM ; Sung Koo HAN ; Hye Kyung PARK ; Yun Seong KIM ; Min Ki LEE ; Soon Kew PARK ; Mi Hye KIM ; Won Yeon LEE ; Suk Joong YONG ; Kye Chul SHIN ; Byoung Whui CHOI ; Yeon Mok OH ; Chae Man LIM ; Sang Do LEE ; Woo Sung KIM ; Dong Soon KIM ; Sung Soo JUNG ; Ju Ock KIM ; Young Chun KO ; Young Chul KIM ; Nam Soo YOO
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2005;58(5):498-506
BACKGROUND: This study compared the bronchodilator efficacy and safety of tiotropium inhalation capsules (18microgram once daily) with a ipratropium metered dose inhaler (2 puffs of 20microgram q.i.d.) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHOD: After the initial screening assessment and a two-week run-in period, patients received either tiotropium 18microgram once daily or ipratropium 40microgram four times daily over a period of 4 weeks in a double blind, double dummy, parallel group study. The outcome measures were the lung function, the daily records of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), the patients' questionnaire, and the use of concomitant salbutamol. The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and the forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured 5 minutes before inhalation, and 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 hours after inhaling the study drug on days 0, 14 and 28. RESULT: In 16 centers, 134 patients with a mean (SD) age of 66 (7) years and a predicted FEV1 of 42 (12)% were analyzed. The trough FEV1 response was significantly higher in the tiotropium group than in the ipratropium group after a four-week treatment period. The weekly mean morning PEFR of the tiotropium group was consistently higher than that of the ipratropium group during the 4-week treatment period with differences ranging from 12.52 to 13.88 l/min, which were statistically significant. Tiotropium was well tolerated by the COPD patients during the 4-week treatment period and had a similar safety profile to ipratropium. CONCLUSION: This study shows that tiotropium administrated once daily has a superior bronchodilator effect with a similar safety profile in treating COPD patients compared with ipratropium, inhaled four times daily.
Adult*
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Albuterol
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Bronchodilator Agents
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Capsules
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Forced Expiratory Volume
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Humans
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Inhalation
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Ipratropium*
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Lung
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Mass Screening
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Metered Dose Inhalers
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Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
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Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
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Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive*
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Surveys and Questionnaires
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Vital Capacity
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Tiotropium Bromide