This article describes a case of intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor(DSRCT) experienced by the authors. The patient was 36ear old male, and admitted because of the mass of right inguinal area, back pain, weakness of low extremities. Imaging studies, right inguinal mass biopsy finding, immunohistochemical stains were compatible with DSRCT. Aggressive treatment with chemotherapy resulted in remarkable response temporarily in terms of tumor size and pulmonary metastasis. But as other author`s reports, multiple metastases to brain, spine, lung were progressed in our case. The patient died 13months after diagnosis.
Back Pain ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Coloring Agents ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Extremities ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Spine

BACKGROUND: As the metabolic syndrome is increased, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increased. In recent studies, metabolic syndrome is related to serum uric acid. And some authors reported the association of uric acid and NAFLD. We have studied the association of serum uric acid and NAFLD. METHODS: The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey of 3,430 subjects out of 6,731 individuals who had visited the Health Promotion Center at the National Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital for the purpose of a regular check-up from January 2005 to April 2008. We excluded who showed evidence of more than moderate alcohol consumption, hepatitis B or C, or severe hepatic dysfunction. RESULTS: Among 3,430 participants, 1,775 subjects (51.7%) were diagnosed with NAFLD and 1,655 subjects (48.3%) were control. Age, BMI, triglyceride, fasting glucose, uric acid were greater in the patients with NAFLD than in the controls. The severity of NAFLD is related to uric acid. When uric acid is divided in 4 groups, elevation of uric acid is associated with risk for NAFLD. This relationship is showed in similar pattern when adjusting for age, sex, BMI, triglyceride, fasting glucose. The uric acid elevation of 1mg/dL is associated with the increase of 1.11 fold in risk for NAFLD. CONCLUSION: The risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is related to uric acid. And the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with uric acid.
Alcohol Drinking ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fasting ; Fatty Liver ; Glucose ; Health Promotion ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Insurance ; Prevalence ; Uric Acid

PURPOSE: Despite a recent surge in the performance of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS), concerns remain about performing LESS pyeloplasty (LESS-P) because of the technical difficulty in suturing. We report our techniques and initial experiences with LESS-P using additional needlescopic instruments and compare the results with conventional laparoscopic pyeloplasty (CL-P). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients undergoing LESS-P were matched 2:1 with regard to age and side of surgery to a previous cohort of 18 patients who underwent CL-P. In both groups, the operating procedures were performed equally except for the number of access points. In the LESS-P group, we made a single 2 cm incision at the umbilicus and used a homemade port. We also used additional 2 mm needlescopic instruments at the subcostal area to facilitate suturing and the ureteral stenting. RESULTS: The preoperative characteristics were comparable in both groups. Postoperatively, no significant differences were noted between the LESS-P and CL-P cases in regard to length of stay, estimated blood loss, analgesics required, and complications. But, LESS-P was associated with a shorter operative time (252.2 vs. 309.7 minutes, p=0.044) and less pain on postoperative day one (numeric rating scale 3.7 vs. 5.6, p=0.024). The success rate was 94% with CL-P (median, 23 months) and 100% with LESS-P (median, 14 months). CONCLUSIONS: Our initial experiences suggest that LESS-P is a feasible and safe procedure. The use of additional 2 mm instruments can help to overcome the difficulties associated with LESS surgery.
Analgesics ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Stents ; Umbilicus ; Ureter ; Ureteral Obstruction

PURPOSE: Pericentric inv (9) occurs in about 0.8~2% of the normal population. The implication of inv (9) in hematological malignancies and/or in stem cell transplantation (SCT) has not been thoroughly elucidated. METHODS: To further delineate the characteristics, we describe our experiences of inv (9) in 2 patients who underwent SCTs and 1 patient with ALL. RESULTS: Case 1. An 11-year-old girl with AML M2 showed 46, XX, inv (9). After remission, her consolidation cycles were associated with slow platelet recovery. She underwent autologous BMT, however, the engraftment was rather slow, and relapsed at 7 months. 2nd remission was achieved after prolonged cytopenia. She underwent reduced intensity unrelated cord blood transplant. Her posttransplant course was uneventful with ANC & gt; 500/microL at D+18 and platelet > 50 k/microL at D+38. Karyotyping showed 46, XY. She is now well at 16 months after 2nd transplant. Case 2. A 10-year-old girl presented with severe aplastic anemia. Karyotyping was normal. She underwent matched sibling transplantation. Her post-transplant course was uneventful with rapid engraftment. Cytogenetics showed 46, XX, inv (9), which was originated from her sister. She is now well at 70 months posttransplant. Case 3. A 3-year-old boy with ALL had a karyotype of 46, XY, inv (9) (p11q12). His clinical course was uneventful. CONCLUSION: The first case showed typical course of delayed recovery after chemotherapy and delayed engraftment after autologous transplantation. inv (9) should be considered in cases of otherwise unexplainable delay in recovery after chemotherapy or delayed engraftment after SCT. Further studies involving larger number of cases should be warranted to delineate the exact role of inv (9) in pediatric leukemia and SCTs.
Anemia, Aplastic ; Autografts ; Blood Platelets ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9* ; Cytogenetics ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia* ; Male ; Siblings ; Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Stem Cells* ; Transplantation, Autologous

A total of 1,708 small mammals (1,617 rodents and 91 soricomorphs), including Apodemus agrarius (n = 1,400), Microtus fortis (167), Crocidura lasiura (91), Mus musculus (32), Myodes (= Eothenomys) regulus (9), Micromys minutus (6), and Tscherskia (= Cricetulus) triton (3), were live-trapped at US/Republic of Korea (ROK) military training sites near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) of Paju, Pocheon, and Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province from December 2004 to December 2009. Small mammals were examined for their intestinal nematodes by necropsy. A total of 1,617 rodents (100%) and 91 (100%) soricomorphs were infected with at least 1 nematode species, including Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia obvelata, Heterakis spumosa, Protospirura muris, Capillaria spp., Trichuris muris, Rictularia affinis, and an unidentified species. N. brasiliensis was the most common species infecting small mammals (1,060; 62.1%) followed by H. polygyrus (617; 36.1%), S. obvelata (370; 21.7%), H. spumosa (314; 18.4%), P. muris (123; 7.2%), and Capillaria spp. (59; 3.5%). Low infection rates (0.1-0.8%) were observed for T. muris, R. affinis, and an unidentified species. The number of recovered worms was highest for N. brasiliensis (21,623 worms; mean 20.4 worms/infected specimen) followed by S. obvelata (9,235; 25.0 worms), H. polygyrus (4,122; 6.7 worms), and H. spumosa (1,160; 3.7 worms). A. agrarius demonstrated the highest prevalence for N. brasiliensis (70.9%), followed by M. minutus (50.0%), T. triton (33.3%), M. fortis (28.1%), M. musculus (15.6%), C. lasiura (13.2%), and M. regulus (0%). This is the first report of nematode infections in small mammals captured near the DMZ in ROK.
Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Female ; Helminthiasis/epidemiology/parasitology ; Helminths/*classification/*isolation & purification ; Insectivora/*parasitology ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology/parasitology/*veterinary ; Intestines/parasitology ; Male ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Rodentia/*parasitology

A total of 1,708 small mammals (1,617 rodents and 91 soricomorphs), including Apodemus agrarius (n = 1,400), Microtus fortis (167), Crocidura lasiura (91), Mus musculus (32), Myodes (= Eothenomys) regulus (9), Micromys minutus (6), and Tscherskia (= Cricetulus) triton (3), were live-trapped at US/Republic of Korea (ROK) military training sites near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) of Paju, Pocheon, and Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province from December 2004 to December 2009. Small mammals were examined for their intestinal nematodes by necropsy. A total of 1,617 rodents (100%) and 91 (100%) soricomorphs were infected with at least 1 nematode species, including Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia obvelata, Heterakis spumosa, Protospirura muris, Capillaria spp., Trichuris muris, Rictularia affinis, and an unidentified species. N. brasiliensis was the most common species infecting small mammals (1,060; 62.1%) followed by H. polygyrus (617; 36.1%), S. obvelata (370; 21.7%), H. spumosa (314; 18.4%), P. muris (123; 7.2%), and Capillaria spp. (59; 3.5%). Low infection rates (0.1-0.8%) were observed for T. muris, R. affinis, and an unidentified species. The number of recovered worms was highest for N. brasiliensis (21,623 worms; mean 20.4 worms/infected specimen) followed by S. obvelata (9,235; 25.0 worms), H. polygyrus (4,122; 6.7 worms), and H. spumosa (1,160; 3.7 worms). A. agrarius demonstrated the highest prevalence for N. brasiliensis (70.9%), followed by M. minutus (50.0%), T. triton (33.3%), M. fortis (28.1%), M. musculus (15.6%), C. lasiura (13.2%), and M. regulus (0%). This is the first report of nematode infections in small mammals captured near the DMZ in ROK.
Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Female ; Helminthiasis/epidemiology/parasitology ; Helminths/*classification/*isolation & purification ; Insectivora/*parasitology ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology/parasitology/*veterinary ; Intestines/parasitology ; Male ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Rodentia/*parasitology

BACKGROUND: A paradoxical response is defined as the radiological and clinical worsening of a previous lesion or the development of new lesion after initial improvement during theprocess of antituberculous treatment. The related factors for the development of a paradoxical response in patients with tuberculous pleurisy are not certain. METHODS: We selected patients with tuberculous pleurisy who had been treated for more than 4 months. The changes onthe serial chest X-ray findings before and after treatment were reviewed. Paradoxical responses were regarded as any worsening or development of new lesion at least 2 weeks after the initiation of treatment. The baseline clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of the peripheral blood and pleural fluid were compared between the patients with a paradoxical response and the patients without a paradoxical response. RESULTS: Paradoxical responses appeared in sixteen patients (21%) among the 77 patients.It took a mean of 38.6 days after the treatment and the time to resolve the paradoxical response was a mean of 32.1 days. For the patients with a paradoxical response, the median age was younger (30.5 years vs 39.0 years, respectively) and the lymphocytic percentage of white blood cells in the pleural fluid was higher (82.1% vs 69.6%, respectively) than for the patients without a paradoxical response. CONCLUSION: The development of a paradoxical response during the treatment of patients with tuberculous pleurisy was not rare and this was related with the age of the patients and the percentage of lymphocytic white blood cells in the pleural fluid.
Antitubercular Agents ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Pleural

OBJECTIVES: Bisphosphonates (BP) are widely used in medicine for inhibiting bone resorption; however bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a major side effect of BP. To date, there have been no specific reports on the incidence of BRONJ among Koreans. This study investigated the preliminary results from a nationwide survey of BRONJ in the Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) at individual training hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 15 OMFS departments (10 from dental schools, 4 from medical schools, and 1 from a dental hospital) participated in a multi-centric survey. This study assessed every BRONJ case diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2010. The patient age and BP type were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 254 BRONJ cases were collected. The majority of BRONJ cases were associated with oral BP therapy, while 21.8% of the cases were associated with intravenous administration. Alendronate was the drug most frequently related to BRONJ (59.2% of cases), followed by risedronate (14.3%) and zolendronate (17.0%). The average age of BRONJ patients was 70.0+/-10.1 years, with a range of 38-88 years of age. With the number of BP patients in Korea reported to be around 600,000 in 2008, the estimated incidence of BRONJ is at least 0.04% or 1 per 2,300 BP patients. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the estimated incidence of BRONJ in Korea is higher than the incidence of other countries. Future prospective studies should be carried out to investigate the exact epidemiological characteristics of BRONJ in Korea.
Administration, Intravenous ; Alendronate ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw ; Data Collection ; Diphosphonates ; Etidronic Acid ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jaw ; Korea ; Osteonecrosis ; Schools, Dental ; Schools, Medical ; Surgery, Oral ; Risedronate Sodium

OBJECTIVES: Bisphosphonates (BP) are widely used in medicine for inhibiting bone resorption; however bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a major side effect of BP. To date, there have been no specific reports on the incidence of BRONJ among Koreans. This study investigated the preliminary results from a nationwide survey of BRONJ in the Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) at individual training hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 15 OMFS departments (10 from dental schools, 4 from medical schools, and 1 from a dental hospital) participated in a multi-centric survey. This study assessed every BRONJ case diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2010. The patient age and BP type were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 254 BRONJ cases were collected. The majority of BRONJ cases were associated with oral BP therapy, while 21.8% of the cases were associated with intravenous administration. Alendronate was the drug most frequently related to BRONJ (59.2% of cases), followed by risedronate (14.3%) and zolendronate (17.0%). The average age of BRONJ patients was 70.0+/-10.1 years, with a range of 38-88 years of age. With the number of BP patients in Korea reported to be around 600,000 in 2008, the estimated incidence of BRONJ is at least 0.04% or 1 per 2,300 BP patients. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the estimated incidence of BRONJ in Korea is higher than the incidence of other countries. Future prospective studies should be carried out to investigate the exact epidemiological characteristics of BRONJ in Korea.
Administration, Intravenous ; Alendronate ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw ; Data Collection ; Diphosphonates ; Etidronic Acid ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jaw ; Korea ; Osteonecrosis ; Schools, Dental ; Schools, Medical ; Surgery, Oral ; Risedronate Sodium

PURPOSE: In order to monitor the clinical outcome of pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT), serial evaluations of chimerism were performed to compare the risk of relapse or graft rejection between patients with complete chimerism (CC) and mixed chimerism (MC). METHODS: Between January, 1996 and April, 2004, 64 cases who underwent SCTs were prospectively enrolled. Serial genotyping of VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) /STR (short tandem repeats) loci and/or X-chromosome-specific FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) were performed at regular intervals. RESULTS: The "informative loci" were found in all 64 patient/donor pairs. CC was persistently detected in 44 cases (68.7%), while MC was detected at least once in 20 (31.3%). In cases with malignancy (n=40), relapse was more frequently encountered in MC group (7/8) than in CC group (7/32) (P < .001), as was death (75% vs. 28%, P < .05). The Kaplan-Meier 5-year overall survival was higher in CC than in MC (69.1% vs. 16.6%; P < .05). In cases with non-malignancy, MC group showed higher rate of graft rejection than CC group (7/12 vs. 1/12, P < .01). Survival was not different between the two groups. The chimerism status was not influenced by sex, donor type, source of stem cells, and inclusion of radiation in conditioning. CONCLUSION: Detection and sequential assessment of MC might be an important tool to predict relapse of disease in malignant diseases as well as to portend graft rejection in non-malignant illnesses. Earlier intervention to circumvent those life-threatening complications should be pursued based on the chimerism analyses.
Child* ; Chimerism* ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence* ; Polymorphism, Genetic* ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Stem Cells* ; Tissue Donors