Background: As recognized by the World Health Organization in 2016 with its inclusion in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision as M62.84, and by South Korea in 2021 as M62.5, the diagnostic guidelines for sarcopenia vary globally. Despite its prevalence in older populations, data on sarcopenia in Koreans aged 60 and above is scarce, highlighting the need for research on its prevalence in this demographic. Methods: Utilizing the 2022 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset, sarcopenia was assessed among 1,946 individuals aged 60 or older according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria, incorporating grip strength and bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements. Statistical analyses were performed to differentiate categorical and continuous variables using logistic regression and Student’s t-tests, respectively. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was found to increase with age, with the highest prevalence observed in the oldest age group (80 years and older). The overall prevalence of sarcopenia in our study population was 6.8%. Among men, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 5.5% in the 60 or older age group, 9.6% in the 70 or older age group, and 21.5% in the 80 or older age group. Among women, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 7.9%, 10.5%, and 25.9%, respectively. Conclusions This study highlights the significant burden of sarcopenia in elderly Koreans, particularly among the oldest individuals. These findings call for targeted interventions to manage and prevent sarcopenia, along with further research on its risk factors, consequences, and effective mitigation strategies.

The false-positive FDG uptakes on head and neck areas are common due to benign lesion, iatrogenic and physiologic changes. The Schneiderian papilloma is uncommon benign tumor arising from the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. The findings of paranasal papilloma on conventional modality such as CT and MRI are non-specific and they could be confused with inflammatory polyp or retention cyst. Despite of benign tumor, the papilloma usually shows locally aggressive growth with malignant potential, therefore the FDG can be actively accumulated in this lesion. We describe the case of 18F-FDG PET/CT finding in a 77-year-old woman who demonstrates oncocytic papilloma in maxillary sinus.
Aged ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Head ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Nasal Cavity ; Neck ; Papilloma ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Polyps ; Retention (Psychology)

There are numerous noninvasive buried suture methods available to make a double eyelid, such as, fixation with skin and pretarsal tissue, fixation with skin and conjunctiva through the tarsal plate and the sling technique, which goes between the levator and Muller muscle and subdermal tissue. But these methods have some shortcomings and many operators are concerned for preventing the double fold to lower and to fade away in puffy eyelid. Because, in puffy eyelid, the excessive orbital fat may migrate to the area of fixation and it jeopardizes the effect of suturing. So, We tried to change the thick and puffy eyelid to the slim eyelid by selectively removing soft tissue(pretarsal fat, muscle, orbital fat) through the three tiny incisions. Ninety-five patients underwent operation for creation of a double fold between January of 1996 and February of 1999. All were female. The patients' age ranged from 16 to 31 years, with the mean of 22 years. Most of our patients were satisfied except 5 cases with minor complication(mild asymmetry: 4 cases, foreign body granulation: 1 case). Our method is very similar to various nonincisional methods, however, we removed a portion of pretarsal tissue, muscle, and/or orbital fat around three small incision sites to facilitate tissue adhesion. A continued modification in nonincisional method and improvement in results for double eyelid operation can be expected.
Conjunctiva ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Orbit ; Skin ; Sutures ; Tissue Adhesions

No abstract available.
Inhalation* ; Lung Injury* ; Lung*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical result of ender nailing under local anesthesis was done to patient with tibia shaft fracture who had high risk for general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 cases with ender nailing procedure under local anesthesia due to high anesthetic risk were selected from total of 20 cases with tibia shaft fracture operated with ender nailing. In each patient, hepatic, diabetic, cadiopulmonary complication and thromboembolism which can be initiated or aggravated by general or spinal anesthesia, were evaluated. Radiologic and clinical evaluation were used to check bone union. RESULTS: There were no complication of local anesthesia. Bone union were acquired in all cases with average bone union period of 18 weeks. There were no evidence of flexion deformity, limb shortening or joint contracture. CONCLUSION: Ender nail fixations under local anesthesia enable close reduction and intramedullary nailing and is effective in patient care but has no problem with bone union. For this reason, ender nail fixation under local anesthesia seem to be effective method if general of spinal anesthesia is difficult.
Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Local* ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Extremities ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Joints ; Patient Care ; Thromboembolism ; Tibia

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to investigate the characteristics of stair climbing through the comparison between the stair climbing and level walking, and to present the standard values of stair climbing. METHOD: Twenty healthy young adults were recruited. The kinematic and kinetic data of level walking and stair climbing on the specially designed stair were obtained through 3 dimensional motion analyzer (Vicon 370 system) with the force plate. RESULTS: The sagittal range of motion of all examined joints at stair climbing was significantly increased compared as at level walking (p<0.05). The maximal flexion angle at swing phase of all examined joints were significantly increased at stair climbing compared than at level walking (p<0.05). At loading response, the kinetic data showed the significant differences between stair climbing and level walking. The time when the maximal extensor moment of knee developed was significantly earlier than when that of hip developed (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: As a results, we found that stair climbing was different from level walking and had the unique pattern in the kinematic and kinetic aspect. The motion analysis of stair climbing may be useful to the further studies.
Hip ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Walking* ; Young Adult

The pathogenesis of craniosynostosis is the early bone fusion of the sutures. Conventional treatment focused on creating a bony gap in which distraction osteogenesis could be a contradictive procedure. There are few reports on the long-term follow-up of distraction in craniosynostosis and into the continuity of bone tissue. This study was performed to investigate if this continuity of the regenerated bone tissue, which can possibly have inhibitory potentials for bone growth, affects growth after distraction osteogenesis with long- term follow-up results. For the study, the authors realigned all CT scans into a same position using a software program using landmarks from the image for comparison in terms of growth ratio for patients with craniosynostosis. From January 2000 to October 2002, the authors performed distraction osteogenesis on 5 patients with craniosynostosis. Three patients had unilateral coronal craniosynostotis and 2 with unilambdoidal craniosynostosis. The follow-up period was from 13 months to 33 months after full distraction. 3D CT images were obtained preoperatively, after full distraction and at the last follow-up. The result was that the regenerated calvarial bone seems to grow in the same growth ratio as the normal side up to 2 years on follow-up in the patient with unilateral craniosynostosis. According to these results, we conclude that the regenerated bone grows as normal bone even after distraction osteogenesis.
Bone and Bones ; Bone Development* ; Craniosynostoses* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Osteogenesis, Distraction* ; Sutures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Cholera is a representative water-borne disease that is caused by V. cholera ctx (+). V. cholera El Tor was previously the primary pathogen, but after the seventh pandemic outbreak, it was replaced by a V. cholera El Tor variant with a classical phenotype and genotype. In this study, we investigated the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of imported V. cholerae El Tor in Korea. METHODS: Forty-nine V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains isolated from 2004 to 2011 were used in this study. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of the ctxB and rstR genes was used for biotype determination. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for phenotypic analysis, and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used for analysis of genetic relatedness. RESULTS: Classical ctxB genes were found in all of the isolates, while classical, El Tor, and combined rstR genes were found. Twenty strains showed antimicrobial resistance against streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin. Based on PFGE, all isolates were grouped as cluster B. The country of origin and resistance pattern were highly related, although the time of influx and serogroup were not. CONCLUSION: Isolates of V. cholera El Tor imported since 2004 were hybrids of V. cholera El Tor, which has the classical ctxB gene and is considered to be a CTX prophage. The SXT element plays an important role in antimicrobial resistance. PFGE patterns, which can be used for analysis of imported V. cholera, revealed the relatedness of the resistant isolates.
Chimera ; Cholera ; Ciprofloxacin ; Electrophoresis ; Genotype ; Korea ; Nalidixic Acid ; Pandemics ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prophages ; Streptomycin ; Vibrio ; Vibrio cholerae ; Vibrio cholerae O1

There is a direct relationship between the plasma concentration of the drugs and the magnitude of neuromuscular blockade in non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. But the classical pharmacokinetic data of succinylcholine have not been obtained because of the lack of an appropriate assay to detect plasma concentration hydrolyzed rapidly by pseudocholinesterase. The purposes of this study was to determine neuromuscular response from the release of minute interval of toumiquet occlusion after intravenous bolus adminstration of succinylcholine at one arm following blood flow occlusion at contralateral arm with pneumatic toumiquet. The twitch height of neuromuscular responses after adminisration of succinylcholine was completely depressed in the group(control) without occlusion, but 5.40+/-3.63% on 1 minute, 30.11+/-9.72% on 2 minutes, 85.00+/-4.19% on 4 minutes and 97.75+/-0.59% on 5 minutes after blood flow occlusion respectively. The onset time of maximum depression in each group was not significant different. At 5 minutes after succinylcholine given systemically, the twitch height was 8.35%, while it was 97.75% from tourniquet release on 5 minutes after blood flow occlusion. It is concluded that succinylcholine should be also related to plasma concentration in magnitude of neuromuscular block, and receptor binding(dissociation constant) more than plasma concentration in offset of neuromuscular blockade.
Arm ; Depression ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Plasma ; Pseudocholinesterase ; Succinylcholine* ; Tourniquets

In order to prepare the fundamental data for preventing the hazardous effects at toluene exposure in many kinds of industry, the authors determined the level of urinary hippuric acid on 592 toluene exposed women(exposed group) and 102 unexposed women(control group) in Pusan area, from April 1 to October 31, 1986. Hippuric acid was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The mean value of urinary hippuric acid concentration of the control group was 0.44+/-0.21g/l(0.11-0.89g/l). The distribution of urinary hippuric acid concentration of the control group was not fit to the normal distribution. 2. The mean value of urinary hippuric acid concentration of the exposed group was 1.56+/-0.95g/l(0.44-4.57g/l). The distribution of urinary hippuric acid concentration of control group was not fit to the normal distribution. 3. The urinary hippuric acid concentration by age group was not statistically significant in the control group, but in the exposed the urinary hippuric acid concentration was highest in women between 20-29 years old(1.71+/-0.95g/l) and was statistically significant(p<0.01). 4. The urinary hippuric acid concentration by duration of working hours was not statistically significant(p>0.1).
Busan ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Toluene*