No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

Forensic anthropology is helpful for correct and fast identification of unknown individuals in mass disaster or from unidentified skeletal remains. It is based on the data of the physical anthropology and applied to the identification in many countries. The purpose of this study is to statistically analyze the 290 forensic records by an office request at NISI during 6 years and to suggest the research model for physical anthropological data that would be helpful to be used at the forensic field. The most common excavated bone was a hard bone as skull and long bones and an unknown place was the most common excavation seat over 50% among the recording place. The probability of excavation with adjacent bone was high and the small sized bones, such as phalanges of hand and foot, were excavated rarely. The incomplete or fragmented bones were found more frequently than of complete. For this reason, we think that will show the priority order of the forensic and physical anthropologic studies in Korea and the necessity of the anatomical education for police officers and inspectors of forensic fields.
Anthropology, Physical ; Disasters ; Foot ; Forensic Anthropology ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Korea ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Police ; Skull

GyeongGi Cultural Foundation was requested the identification of eight excavated human skeletons from Neunggok residential development district within Siheung-si. Those were measured for distinguishing sex, stature, and age at death using metric and non-metric methods. The identification of eight human remains was not easy because the excavated bones were destroyed partly and totally. Six skeletons were excavated from the limed-soiled mixture tomb; five remains among 8 were buried in same grave and 2 skeletons were excavated from the earthen tomb. Four remains were determined female skeletons. One skeleton was assumed adolescence, three skeletons were estimated 40's~50's years old and others couldn't be done. Four among eight remain skeletons, the stature of female remains was around 150~157 cm and male's stature was around 165 cm. Most bones were damaged and destroyed, and the remaining teeth on the maxilla and mandible were not enough for identification. We couldn't identify through metric and non-metric methods. If the human skeletal remains were not found with artifact, those couldn't determine the period. So we couldn't know the relationship between the period of burial and condition of bones. For this reason, we will study the identification using the small and damaged bones. Anthropologists and archeaologists need to work together to make database to determine identification and period.
Adolescent ; Anthropology, Physical ; Archaeology ; Artifacts ; Burial ; Female ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Skeleton ; Tooth

Fracture is one of the pathological signs most frequently encountered in archaeologically obtained bones. To expand the paleopathological knowledge on traumatic injuries, it is desirable to secure data on long bone fractures from as wide a geographic and temporal range as possible. We present, for the first time, evidence of long bone fractures in a 16th-18th century Joseon skeletal series (n=96). In this study, we found 3 Colles' fractures of the radius in 2 individual cases. The pattern of fractures was unique. Although previous reports show that the ulna is broken more often than the radius, ulnar fracture associated with fending off a blunt attack was rare in our series (1/7 cases). Transverse fractures, typically caused by intentional violence, were also very rare (1/7 cases) in this study. These results may reflect the relatively tranquil lives of the Joseon people in 16th-18th century Korea. We also found post-fracture complications such as deformations, bone length shortening, and osteomyelitis. The present study would be of interest to medical scientists in related fields because it is one of the few studies conducted on long bone fractures among pre-modern societies in East Asian countries, thus far.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Colles' Fracture ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Korea ; Osteomyelitis ; Radius ; Skeleton ; Ulna ; Violence

BACKGROUND: Morbidity, the use of analgesics, the amount of postoperative drainage and the postoperative hospital stay were reduced in VATS for pneumothorax. However, some authors preferred minithoracotomy to VATS because the rate of recurrence after VATS were between 5% and 10%. Therefore, we present a modified thoracoscopic bullectomy (MTB) which we believe has the advantages of conventional VATS and minithoracotomy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Sixty-six patients who received the operation from January 2002 to December 2002 were divided into 3 groups. Twenty-six patients were treated by axillary minithoracotomy and thirteen by conventional VATS and 18 by modified thoracoscopic bullectomy. The mean age was 21.9 years (range, 16~35 years) for minithoracotomy group, 20.6 years (range, 17~28 years) for conventional VATS group and 22.6 years (range, 16~39 years) for MTB group. The mean follow-ups were 11.4months for minithoracotomy group, 9.5 months for conventional VATS group and 4.7 months for MTB group. RESULT: The mean duration of operation was 55.79+/-23.35 minutes in MTB and 44.23+/-19.24 minutes in conventional VATS (p=0.333). The number of staplers being used was 1.63+/-0.76 in MTB, 1.41+/-0.64 in minithoracotomy (p=0.663), and 2.92+/-1.19 in conventional VATS (p<0.001). The duration of indwelling chest tube was 1.63+/-0.76 day in MTB, 4.07+/-1.41 day in minithoracotomy (p<0.001) and 4.46+/-2.33 day in conventional VATS (p<0.001). Hospital length of stay was 3.26+/-0.81 day in MTB, 6.04+/-2.21 day in minithoracotomy (p<0.001) and 6.69+/-3.33 day in conventional VATS (p<0.001). The number of postoperative complication and recurrence were 2 in minithoracotomy (7.4%), 5 in conventional VATS (38.5%) and 1 in MTB (5.6%). CONCLUSION: Modified thoracoscopic bullectomy is an effective procedure in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax.
Analgesics ; Chest Tubes ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Pneumothorax ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thoracoscopy

A beneficial radioprotective agent has been used to treat the radiation-induced lung injury. This study was performed to investigate whether curcumin, which is known to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, could ameliorate radiation-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in irradiated lungs. Rats were given daily doses of intragastric curcumin (200 mg/kg) prior to a single irradiation and for 8 weeks after radiation. Histopathologic findings demonstrated that macrophage accumulation, interstitial edema, alveolar septal thickness, perivascular fibrosis, and collapse in radiation-treated lungs were inhibited by curcumin administration. Radiation-induced transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression, and collagen accumulation were also inhibited by curcumin. Moreover, western blot analysis revealed that curcumin lowered radiation-induced increases of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Curcumin also inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) p65 in radiation-treated lungs. These results indicate that long-term curcumin administration may reduce lung inflammation and fibrosis caused by radiation treatment.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Collagen ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; Curcumin ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Edema ; Fibrosis ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Lung Injury ; Macrophages ; Pneumonia ; Rats ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha