The Wolff-Parkinson-White (W-P-W) syndrome and variants are called the pre-excitation sydrome. The prevalence has been estimated 0.15 pereent. Advances in electrophysiological mapping and increasing sophistication of surgical techniques have been resulted in an increasing role for definitive surgical treatment. The anesthetic management of patients with this syndrome is aimed at avoiding tachyarrhythmias. Anesthesia for surgical ablation of accessory conducting pathways was successfully performed under general balanced technique with fentantyl, vecuronium, isoflurane which were avoid of sympathetic stimulation.
Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle ; Anesthesia ; Humans ; Isoflurane ; Prevalence ; Tachycardia ; Vecuronium Bromide ; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

About 40% of patients with diabetes mellitus develops to diabetic nephropathy, and these patients show increment of glomerular filtration rate and renal volume at early phase. 99mTc-DMSA SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) can measure a functional renal volume because 99mTc- DMSA it is taken up by the viable proximal tubular cells located in the renal cortex. To evaluate the renal volume in early diabetic nephropathy, we compared functional renal volume between diabetic patients and control, renal transplantation donor. 99mTc-DMSA was injected intravenously and SPECT was done after 2 hours in 15 diabetic patients, 18 renal transplantation donors, and 2 patients with end stage renal disease due to chronic glomerulonephritis. In diabetic patients with creatinine clearance more than 30ml/min and proteinuria, right and left renal volume were 247+/-22ml/BSA(m2), 256+/-37ml/BSA (m2), which were greater than those of diabetic patients with normal renal function and without proteinuria, or renal transplantation donors(P<0.05). In conclusion, we measured the functional renal volume by 99mTc-DMSA SPECT. Renal volume of diabetic patients with proteinuria were larger than the volume of control group or diabetic patients with normal renal function and without proteinuria. 99mTc-DMSA SPECT was thought to be useful test a for the measurement of functioning renal volume.
Creatinine ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation ; Proteinuria ; Succimer ; Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid* ; Tissue Donors ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

The authors report series of 360 cases of transthoracic fine-needle aspiration cytology (TFNA) from Oct. 1982, through Aug. 1986 at the Seoul National University Hospital. A diagnosis of neoplastic lesion was established in 50.3% of the cases. A non-neop- lastic diagnosis was made in 38.5%, nondiagnostic one in 6.5% and inadequate one in 4.7% of the total. Statistical findings on cytological diagnoses were as follows. Specificity was 100%: sensitivity, 92%; predictive value for positive, 1.0: predictive value for negative, 0.9; concordance rate, 84.2%: diagnostic accuracy in non-neoplastic lesion, 65.4%, and typing accuracy in malignant tumor, 0.77.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul

Natural products in Chonnam, Korea were screened via anti-angiogenesis experiments, and 1 candidate product was identified, Corni fructus, which exerted dose-dependent inhibitory effects against angiogenesis, adipogenesis, and cell adhesion. C. fructus extract (CFE) exhibits an angiogenesis inhibitory effect superior to that of the EGCG from green tea leaves. The expression level of angiogenesis and adipogenesis-related signal molecules in the western blotting was reduced by increasing the amount of added CFE. Moreover, a diet supplemented with CFE was deemed more effective in inducing weight loss in LB mice than a representative synthetic diet drug, orlistat, which incidently caused the side effect of denuding the mice of their hair. These results indicate that C. fructus may prove to be a useful anti-adipogenic compound, and these in vitro results may be reflected later under in vivo conditions.
Adipogenesis ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Biological Agents ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Adhesion ; Cornus ; Diet ; Food, Formulated ; Hair ; Korea ; Lactones ; Mice ; Tea ; Weight Loss

OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed to evaluate a sit-to-stand (STS) pattern in the children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy in comparison with the normal children. METHOD: Fifteen young children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy and 21 normally developed children were recruited as subjects. A motion analysis system using a Motion analyzer (Vicon 370 M.A. with 6 infrared cameras) was used to examine the STS task. The changes in joint angle, moment, and power of each joints in lower limbs, total duration of STS transfer and each transitional points were assessed. RESULTS: Total duration of STS in patients was 2.44 sec, which was significantly prolonged in comparing with 1.10 sec in normal control. The major prolongation of STS occurred in the phase of vertical movement of center of mass (CoM). Cerebral palsied children showed more anterior pelvic tilting and hip flexion throughout STS transfer than normal control. Asymmetries in initial angle of ankle and maximal momentum of knee extension were shown in spastic diplegic children with cerebral palsy, but not in normal control. Less extension momentum and power of knee joint and more plantar flexion momentaum of ankle joint were observed in cerebral palsy in comparing with those of normal children. CONCLUSION: This study showed that STS pattern in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy was quite different from that of normal children. The characteristics of STS pattern in these children was slowness of speed; mainly from slowness of vertical displacement of CoM, and more anterior pelvic tilt, hip flexion and earlier abrupt change of knee extension. As well, the major moments required for this task in these patients occurred at hip and ankle joints instead of knee joint.
Ankle ; Ankle Joint ; Cerebral Palsy* ; Child* ; Hip ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Lower Extremity ; Muscle Spasticity*

No abstract available.
Bismuth* ; Gentamicins* ; Mercuric Chloride*

The arterial variations of the upper limb are frequently encountered in the human body. However, the appearance of multiple variations in one limb is uncommon. The present arterial variations were found in the right upper limb of 86 years-old female cadaver during a routine dissection. The variations of the arterial patterns are as follows: 1. Two thyrocervical trunks from subclavian artery and the internal thoracic artery is rising from lateral branch of thyrocervical trunks. 2. Thoracoacromial artery was divided two branches and the lateral thoracic artery arises from the small of two branches. 3. The distance of bifurcation of the brachial artery is 14.9 mm from the inferior border of teres major muscle. Medial branch of the brachial artery passes along the median nerve and becomes radial artery. Lateral branch of the brachial artery passes along the median nerve and becomes ulnar artery. 4. Bifurcation of radial artery is occurred at the distance of 46.9 mm from styloid process of radius. Deep palmar branch of radial artery is bifurcated on dorsum of hand. Branches for supplying first and second fingers arise from superficial palmar arch. The arterial variations of the upper limb could be caused a several bleeding in intravenous injection or surgeries and a wrong diagnosis. The knowledge of the arterial variation of the upper limb should be decreased to raise clinical problems.
Arteries ; Brachial Artery ; Cadaver ; Extremities ; Female ; Fingers ; Hand ; Hemorrhage ; Human Body ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Mammary Arteries ; Median Nerve ; Muscles ; Radial Artery ; Radius ; Subclavian Artery ; Thoracic Arteries ; Ulnar Artery ; Upper Extremity

The persistent trigeminal artery(PTA) is the most common type of persistent carotid-basilar anastomosis, usually diagnosed by cerebral angiography or autopsy. PTA is usually associated with hypoplasia or atresia of the vertebrobasilar artery and may result in symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by decreased perfusion of the brainstem. We report a patient with PTA who presented with symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. An 80-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and unstable angina pectoris presented with recurrent dizziness, dysarthria, and a tendency to fall to the left side. PTA was identified with hypoplasia of the vertebrobasilar system and mild stenosis of the bilateral proximal internal carotid arteries on brain MR angiography and cerebral angiography.
Aged, 80 and over ; Angina, Unstable ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Autopsy ; Brain ; Brain Stem ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral Angiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dizziness ; Dysarthria ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Perfusion ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency

The embryologic origin of the omohyoid muscle is different from that of the other neck muscles. A number of variations such as the absence of muscle, variable sites of origin and insertion, and multiple bellies have been reported. However, variations in the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle are rare. There have been no reports of the combined occurrence of the omohyoid muscle variation with the appearance of the levator glandulase thyroideae muscle. Routine dissection of a 51-year-old female cadaver revealed a duplicated omohyoid muscle and the appearance of the levator glandulae thyroideae muscle. In this case, the two inferior bellies of the omohyoid muscle were found to originate inferiorly from the superior border of the scapula. One of the inferior bellies generally continued to the superior belly with the tendinous intersection. The other inferior belly continued into the sternohyoid muscle without the tendinous intersection. In this case, the levator glandulae thyroideae muscle appeared on the left side, which attached from the upper border of the thyroid gland to the inferior border of the thyroid cartilage. These variations are significant for clinicians during endoscopic diagnosis and surgery because of the arterial and nervous damage due to iatrogenic injuries. The embryologic origins of the omohyoid and levator glandulae thyroideae muscles may be similar based on the descriptions in the relevant literature.
Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Biological ; Muscle, Skeletal/*abnormalities/pathology ; Neck Muscles/*abnormalities/*anatomy & histology