This study compared and analyzed the occluding effects of fluoride compounds and desensitizers, which are commonly used in dental clinics, on dentinal tubules. This study also evaluated the persistence of the active ingredients over time by performing toothbrushing with an electric toothbrush. Thirty-five molar teeth, which had been extracted within the past 3 months from healthy people without tooth decays, amalgam fillings, or dental crowns, were divided into 4 pieces each. Of these, 135 teeth pieces were used as study specimens. These specimens were divided into a control group, an untreated group, and 5 experimental groups (acidulated fluoride gel, fluoride varnish, Gluma, Super Seal, and SE-Bond). The specimens were then subjected to toothbrushing equivalent to 1 week (140 times), 2 weeks (280 times), and 4 weeks (560 times), and the occluding effects on dentinal tubules in 3 regions of each specimen were examined under a scanning electron microscope. The fluoride varnish treated group showed the highest degree of dentinal tubule occlusion effects during the first, second, and fourth weeks of toothbrushing, with the SE-Bond treated group showing the second highest degree and the Gluma treated group showing the lowest degree. After 4 weeks of toothbrushing, the Gluma treated group and the Super Seal treated group showed the lowest degrees of dentinal tubule occlusion effects. In summary, the fluoride varnish treated group and the SE-Bond treated group displayed higher occlusion effects even after 4 weeks of treatment than did the other experimental groups. Therefore, it is the authors' belief that fluoride varnish and SE-Bond are effective for treating dentinal hyperesthesia.
Crowns ; Dental Clinics ; Dentin Desensitizing Agents ; Dentin Sensitivity ; Dentin* ; Fluorides* ; Hyperesthesia ; Molar ; Paint ; Tooth ; Toothbrushing

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of three dentine desensitizers on the surface morphology of freshly exposed dentin and to evaluate their occlusion effects on dentinal tubules using scanning electron microscope (SEM). METHODS: A total of 16 isolated human premolar samples, which were prepared to expose dentine, were randomly divided into a control group (n=4), a Hybrid Coat group (n=4), a Prime & Bond NT group (n=4), and a anti-sensitivity toothpaste group (n=4). After treatment with dentine desensitizers, one half of the samples in each group were vertically cleaved. Finally, the surfaces and cross sections of the samples were observed by SEM. RESULTS: The exposed tubule was almost occluded in the Hybrid Coat group and the Prime & Bond NT group, while only the majority of tubules could be sealed in the anti-sensitivity toothpaste group. The cross-section images showed that sediments were visible in all groups except the control group. CONCLUSION Hybrid Coat and Prime & Bond NT are able to effectively seal tubules, while the effect of anti-sensitivity toothpaste is slightly poor.
Dentin ; ultrastructure ; Dentin Desensitizing Agents ; pharmacology ; Dentin Permeability ; drug effects ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Polymethacrylic Acids ; pharmacology ; Toothpastes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to assess the effects of desensitizing toothpaste containing stannous fluoride on dentine hypersensitivity by performing Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) involving the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity with stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste.

METHODSThe study was developed based on the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions (Version 5.1.0) and included the following: search strategy, selection criteria, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. We searched electronic databases such as CNKI, CBM, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to January 2015. RCT of treating dentine hypersensitivity with stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste were included. Data extraction and domain-based risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software.

RESULTSSix RCT with 494 patients (247 in the experimental group and 247 in the control group) were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the desensitizing effect of stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste was significantly better than that of control in tactile sensitivity test (SMD=1.41, 95% confidence interval 0.74-2.09, P<0.00001) and air blast test (SMD = -1.16, 95% confidence interval -1.84--0.48, P<0.000 01).

CONCLUSIONCurrent evidence shows that stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste is effective in treating dentine hypersensitivity in clinic. However, due to limited sample size and lower quality of the included studies, more high quality and large-sample RCT are needed to further verify the evidence.

Dentin Desensitizing Agents ; therapeutic use ; Dentin Sensitivity ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sodium Fluoride ; Tin Fluorides ; therapeutic use ; Toothpastes ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate shear bond strength (SBS) and failure site location of brackets bonded to enamel with or without desensitizer application. METHODS: Sixty-six freshly extracted human premolar teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 22. Group 1 served as the control. Desensitizer was applied to the remaining teeth at two time intervals (Group 2, bonded immediately after Pro-Relief(TM) (Colgate-Palmolive Co., New York, NY, USA) application and Group 3, bonded 30 days after Pro-Relief(TM) application with the teeth stored in artificial saliva during the 30 days). Orthodontic brackets were bonded with a light cure composite resin and cured with a halogen light. After bonding, the SBS of the brackets was tested using a universal testing device. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were determined after the brackets failed. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, Tukey's HSD, and G tests. RESULTS: The SBS was significantly lower in Group 2 than in Groups 1 (p = 0.024) and 3 (p = 0.017). Groups 1 and Group 3 did not differ (p = 0.991). ARI scores did not differ significantly among groups. CONCLUSIONS: The Pro-Relief(TM) desensitizer agent applied immediately before bonding significantly reduces bond strength, but the SBS values still exceed the minimum 5.9 - 7.8 MPa required for adequate clinical performance. Immersing the teeth in artificial saliva for 30 days after applying the Pro-Relief(TM) desensitizer agent and before bonding increased the SBS to control levels.
Adhesives ; Arginine ; Bicuspid ; Calcium ; Calcium Carbonate ; Collodion ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin Desensitizing Agents ; Humans ; Light ; New York ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Saliva, Artificial ; Shear Strength ; Tooth