Many images of X-ray examination showed that the treatment of endodontal disease had a good effect but infact, the root canal was not completely closed, the fluid can permeat in to the root canal leading to the infection. Regardless the arthopady of the root canal and isolation of teeth during fusion, this study applied a method of trans versal stuff of root canal. This method involved the stuff of the patch in to the root canal by stick of gutta or lentulo and then stuff of the main gutta and smaller stick with standard stick in to the end of root canal, at last cutting the spare gutta
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Dental Pulp Diseases

Dental Pulp ; Dental Pulp Capping ; Humans

This study was conducted to evaluate the insertion depth of Buchanan plugger after shaping by various Ni-Ti rotary files. It was conducted to determine which size of plugger are appropriate, when root canals are shaped with Ni-Ti rotary files and obturated by Continuous wave of condensation technique. Two type of eighty simulated resin blocks were used : J-shaped and straight shaped canal. The simulated canals were instrumented by ProTaper and ProFile. Buchanan pluggers were inserted into the canal, and then the image was recorded to scanner. The distance from the apex of the canal to the plugger tip was measured by image analysis program. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test. The results were as follows 1. In straight canal finished up to ProTaper F2 and F3 file, F and FM pluggers were inserted more than 5 mm short of working length. 2. In J-shaped canal finished up to ProTaper F2 file, F pluggers were inserted more than 5 mm short of working length. Finished up to ProTaper F3 file, F and FM pluggers were inserted more than 5 mm short of working length. 3. In straight and J-shaped canal finished up to ProFile .06/#20 and .06/#25, any of Buchanan plugger could not be inserted more than 5 mm short of working length. These results suggest that canals shaped by ProTaper could be obturated by Continuous wave of condensation technique with F and FM size Buchanan plugger.
Dental Pulp Cavity*

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of newly marketed NRT instruments to maintain the original root canal configuration and curvature during preparation in comparison with the three existing instruments in simulated root canals. Simulated canals in resin blocks were prepared with ProFile, K3, ProTaper, and NRT instrument (n = 10 canals in each case). Pre- and post-operative images were recorded, and assessment of canal shape was completed with a computer image analysis program. The data were analyzed statistically using the One-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's test. The ability of instruments to remain centered in prepared canals at 1-, 2-mm levels was significantly better in ProFile groups than in other groups (p < 0.05). The change of centering ratio in NRT groups at 5-mm level was significantly greater than ProFile group and at 6- and 7-mm level than all other groups (p < 0.05). Although the NRT system was comparable to other systems in regards to its ability to maintain the canal configuration of apical portion, this system was more influenced by the mid-root curvature due to its stainless-steel files for coronal preflaring.
Dental Pulp Cavity*

No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Dental Pulp Cavity*

No abstract available.
Dental Pulp Cavity* ; Dentin*

We undertake this study to create a base for expanding the school dental program in the whole country of Vietnam, firstly in Hanoi capital and Cau Giay district just established. Our research scope is of 9,512 pupils selected accidentally from several Secondary schools located in Cau giay district in Feb 1998. Followings are the minitial results of our research: 1. The proportion of carries to 12 years old pupils in Cau Giay district is 37.9% in which there are no difference between the boys and girls. 2. The proportion of periodontosis is 77.9%, in which the boys is more than the girls with p< 0.05. 3. Eating candy and other sweets too much is a causative for carries (with OR= 5.7) and for periodontosis (with OR= 4.28) 4. Infrequent tooth brush also is a causative agent for carries (with OR = 4.58) and periodontositis (with OR=3.87)
Dental Pulp Diseases ; Child

1. The proportion of carries to pupils in Thua town is 54.4%, in which permanent teeth carries is 5.9% and periodontosis is 83.3%. 2. There is no statistical difference among the proportions of carries, permanent teeth carries and periodontosis distinguished by sex and ages. 3. There is a relation between daily tooth, (as well as time of brushing, number of teething everyday) and the propotion of carious and periodontosis. 4. There is a clear relation between frequently candy eating and carious as well as periodontosis. 5. Based on the relation between knowledge on reason of carries as well as the the method of precaution and carries/ periodontosis, we can suggest that pupil having good education on carries precaution will be able to avoid carries as well as periodontosis.
Dental Pulp Diseases ; Child

The purposes of this study were to assess the accuracy of measurements in pre-enlarged canals with small instruments and to compare the accuracies, in enlarged canal, with small size instruments and instruments that match the actual canal diameter using Root ZX, Bingo1020, SmarPex, and e-Magic Finder. Ten extracted teeth were embedded in an alginate model made for testing apex locators. A size 10 file was placed into the root canal until the tip of the file reached the plane of the major diameter of the foramen under a dental operating microscope at the 25 x magnification. The measurement was done with digital caliper and defined as actual length. Electronic length measurement with a size 10 file in pre-enlarged canal was done by reading the index indicating Apex of each device to gain a definite value. After completion of canal enlargement to a size 45 file, each difference between actual length and electric measurement value with a size 10 and 40 files in enlarged canal was recorded as L10 and L40. The one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's multiple range tests were computed for analyze the differences among the four apex locators in the same group. The Student's t-test between L10 and L40 of each locator was done. The accuracies of electronic measurements were significantly different among the 4 devices. The file size made no difference on the accuracy of electronic measurement in enlarged canal with same device. The e-Magic Finder was the most accurate device among the 4 apex locators used in this study.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Tooth

The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping ability of the three ProTaper(R) instrumentation techniques in simulated canals. Thirty resin blocks were divided into 3 groups with 10 canals each. Each group was instrumented with manual ProTaper(R) (Group M), rotary ProTaper(R) (Group R), and hybrid technique (Group H). Canal preparation time was recorded. The images of pre- and post-instrumented root canals were scanned and superimposed. The amounts of canal deviation, total canal width, inner canal width, outer canal width and centering ratio were measured at apical 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 mm levels. 1. Canal preparation time was the shortest in R group (p < 0.05). 2. The amounts of total canal width in R group was generally larger than the other groups, but no significant differences were observed except at the 1, 3 mm levels (p > 0.05). 3. The amounts of inner canal width in R group was larger than M group at the 1 mm level and H group was larger than R group at the 6 mm level (p < 0.05). The amounts of outer canal width in R group was larger than H group only at the 1 mm level (p < 0.05). 4. The direction of canal deviation in H, R group at the 1, 2, 3 mm levels was outward and that in M group at the 1, 2 mm levels was inward. The amounts of canal deviation in H group was larger than R group at the 6 mm level (p < 0.05). 5. The amounts of centering ratio in H group was larger than R group at the 6 mm level (p < 0.05).
Dental Pulp Cavity