Dental Occlusion ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; therapy ; Dental Prosthesis ; Humans ; Occlusal Adjustment ; Occlusal Splints

OBJECTIVETo study the intercellular communication of alveolar bone during traumatic occlusion at early stage in rats.

METHODSThe occlusal surface of the upper left first molar of rat was raised by placing a stainless steel wire to induce occlusal trauma in the lower left first molar. After 24 hours, the alveolar bone tissues of the lower jaws first molars at the both sides were taken out under anesthesia The various 27 000 genes were identified with genome-wide microarray, and further were investigated with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Pathway analysis.

RESULTSTotal 586 gene were found to be changed, 106 different signal pathways got involved with Pathway analysis, including cell adhesion molecules(CAMS), adhesions junction, gap junction, focal adhesion and tight junction, and the cytokines associated with bone metabolism in above 5 signal pathways were all down-regulated.

CONCLUSIONAt the early phase of the occlusal trauma, intercellular communication in rat's alveolar bone were inhibited.

Alveolar Process ; Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Dental Occlusion ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; Molar ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo study the gene expression profiles of traumatic occlusion in early stage with the animal model of rats.

METHODSThe occlusal surface of the upper left first molar of rat was raised by placing a stainless steel wire to induce occlusal trauma in the lower left first molar. After 24 hours, the alveolar bone tissue of the first molars at the both sides of rats' lower jaws were taken out under anesthesia. The different expressive genes were shown by genome-wide microarray, which comprises about 27 000 genes and analyzed the different expressive genes with Pathway and GO analysis, finally the results of the microarray were examined by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSIn the results of the study, 586 different expressions were found, of which the expressions of 166 genes increased and 420 genes decreased. 106 different pathways were involved with Pathway analysis and 270 different functional classification related to GO analysis.

CONCLUSIONThe balance of the lower alveolar bone is destroyed after 24 hours of traumatic occlusion. At early phase of the occlusal trauma, osteogenesis and bone formation in alveolar bone are inhibited, yet osteoblast genesis and bone resorption are not significant.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; Animals ; Bone Resorption ; Dental Occlusion ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; Mandible ; Molar ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Rats ; Transcriptome

This article describes cases of applying non-surgical treatment including scaling and root planing, occlusal adjustment and tooth splinting of periodontally compromised lower anterior incisors Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed over a 1–3-year period. All clinical parameters and radiographic bone levels improved in both cases. Dramatic regeneration of alveolar bone and lamina dura were observed on radiographic images, and no specific complications occurred during the follow-up period. Within the limitations of this study, these cases demonstrated the possibility of tooth rescue through non-surgical treatment and splinting of periodontally compromised teeth typically considered for extraction.
Bone Regeneration ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Incisor ; Occlusal Adjustment ; Periodontal Splints ; Regeneration ; Root Planing ; Splints ; Tooth

PURPOSE: This article describes a case of the successful non-surgical management of a periodontally compromised maxillary premolar. METHODS: A combination therapy, including root planing, occlusal adjustment, and tooth splinting, was applied. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed during the 16-month follow-up period. RESULTS: All periodontal parameters were improved. There were dramatic decreases (3–6 mm) in the probing pocket depth, tooth mobility, and marginal bone loss. Interestingly, gradual resolution of the periapical radiolucency and alveolar bone regeneration were observed in the radiographs, and the periodontal condition was maintained during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, these results demonstrate the importance of natural tooth preservation through proper periodontal treatment and occlusal adjustment of the periodontally compromised tooth, which is typically targeted for tooth extraction and dental implantation.
Bicuspid ; Bone Regeneration ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Occlusal Adjustment ; Periodontitis ; Root Planing ; Splints ; Tooth Extraction ; Tooth Mobility ; Tooth*

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of traumatic occlusion on CGRP-immunoreactive (CGRP-IR) nerve fibres in rat molar pulp and observe the recovery of CGRP-IR nerve fibres after removal of traumatic occlusion.

METHODSTo observe immunohistochemically the change of CGRP-IR nerve fibres in molar pulp during traumatic occlusion and after removal.

RESULTSThe increase of number, density and morphology of CGRP-IR nerve fibres in traumatic occlusion group was more than in control group, however, the changes of CGRP-IR nerve fibres in removal of traumatic occlusion group were less than in control group.

CONCLUSIONSThe changes of CGRP-IR nerve fibres in number, morphology, and density are induced by traumatic occlusion in rat molar pulp, however, the nerve fibres recover to normal by removal of traumatic occlusion.

Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; analysis ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Dental Pulp ; innervation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Molar ; innervation ; Nerve Fibers ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate changes of two sodium channels, PN(3) and NaN, during orofacial pain by occlusal trauma in rat.

METHODSExpressions of PN(3) mRNA and NaN mRNA in trigeminal ganglion were tested during various periods of persistent occlusal trauma with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSIn groups, including control, occlusal trauma groups, PN(3) mRNA and NaN mRNA were all expressed in trigeminal ganglion neurons. In the control group, there were similar density values bilaterally. In the occlusal trauma group, the density values in gel electrophoresis of PN(3) mRNA and NaN mRNA on the intervention side were slightly greater than those on the control side.

CONCLUSIONSThe stimulation of occlusal trauma upregulates expressions of PN(3) mRNA and NaN mRNA, which suggests the signal occurring and conduction of chronic pain by occlusal trauma have the same molecular mechanism of sodium channel as inflammatory pain.

Animals ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; physiopathology ; Facial Pain ; etiology ; Male ; NAV1.8 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Channels ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Trigeminal Ganglion ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of subgingival scaling/root planning (SRP) and occlusal adjustment on clinical and occlusal parameters in teeth with chronic periodontitis and secondary occlusal trauma.

METHODSEighteen patients with chronic periodontitis and occlusal trauma were included and randomly divided into group A and group B. On day 0, group A was treated by full-mouth subgingival scaling and root planning, and group B was treated by occlusal adjustment in occlusal trauma site. On day 28, group A was treated by occlusal adjustment in occlusal trauma site, and group B was treated by full-mouth subgingival scaling and root planning. Probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), bleeding index (BI) were evaluated on 0, 28 and 56 d, and the occlusal time (OT) and the percentage of occlusal force were evaluated on 0, 28 and 56 d in occlusal trauma site. The data was statistically analyzed.

RESULTSIn baseline, the PD[(4.42 ± 1.41) mm vs (4.36 ± 1.38) mm], AL [(2.75 ± 1.32) mm vs (2.63 ± 1.37) mm] and BI [(2.20 ± 0.81) vs (2.24 ± 0.89)] of the full-mouth showed no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in PD [(5.21 ± 1.21) mm vs (5.08 ± 1.12) mm], AL [(4.94 ± 1.47) mm vs (4.89 ± 1.32) mm], BI [(2.61 ± 0.92) vs 2.50 ± 0.79)], OT [(1.29 ± 0.39) s vs (1.34 ± 0.35) s] and the percentage of occlusal force [(6.8 ± 2.1)% vs (7.4 ± 1.7)%] in occlusal trauma site between the two groups(P > 0.05). After SRP therapy, the PD,AL,BI and OT were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).The clinical parameters exhibited no significant difference after only occlusal adjustment(P > 0.05).On 56 d, the reduction in clinical parameters was not significantly different between the two groups(P > 0.05),however the reduction of OT and the change of the percentage of occlusal force in group A [(0.85 ± 0.41) s, (2.2 ± 2.2)%] were more significant than those in group B [(0.70 ± 0.38) s; (1.5 ± 1.6)%] (P < 0.05). After occlusal adjustment, the increase of OT in group A [(0.21 ± 0.11) s] was lower than that in group B [(0.67 ± 0.37) s]through the 28-day observation period (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOcclusal adjustment alone is inadequate for control and management of periodontitis.SRP therapy can eliminate the inflammation and decrease the OT of tooth with occlusal trauma.The combination of SRP and occlusal adjustment may achieve more stable results.

Adult ; Aged ; Bite Force ; Chronic Periodontitis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Dental Scaling ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occlusal Adjustment ; Periodontal Attachment Loss ; therapy ; Periodontal Index ; Root Planing

OBJECTIVEPPTA and c-fos mRNA expression were detected in dog caudalis subnucleus of trigeminal spinal tract nucleus (VC) induced by trauma occlusion in order to investigate orofacial pain mechanism.

METHODSThe occlusal surface of the first and second maxillary right molars in 15 dogs were unilaterally raised 1.5 mm with casting Ni-Cr inlay which were fixed in Class I hole. On days 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 after teeth operation, the VC of right and left sides were removed. PPTA and c-fos mRNAs were detected in experimental and control groups with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTS(1) The basal levels of PPTA and c-fos mRNAs were extremely low and poorly detectable in VC in control animals. (2) The expression of PPTA mRNA in VC of traumatic side was up regulated from 3 days after inlay was fixed in molar and reached peak level during 14 to 30 days and then down-regulated gradually and no significant difference was noted between 60 days group and control group. (3) c-fos mRNA expression was more intense during 3 to 7 days compared with the control group but undetectable in the other experimental period. (4) Both PPTA and c-fos mRNAs expression in VC of trauma occlusal side were more intense than that in the contralateral side.

CONCLUSIONSThe present results show that both PPTA and c-fos mRNA expression are elevated in dog's VC induced by traumatic occlusion. The primary afferent terminal of orofacial area is sensitized, which suggest one kind of mechanism of orofacial pain in the condition of traumatic occlusion.

Animals ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; physiopathology ; Dogs ; Facial Neuralgia ; etiology ; Protein Precursors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Tachykinins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal ; metabolism