AIMThis paper deals with the treatment of an atrophied toothless mandible with a fixing bridge carried by two nonstandard implant systems.

METHODOLOGYFour bicortical screws were implanted into the frontal part of the mandible and one implant on each side was placed into the distal area of the mandible as a support for a fixing bridge.

RESULTSDuring the years 2002 - 2007 the authors placed a total of 256 bicortical screw and 84 blade implants. During this period only four bicortical screws and one blade implant failed. The primary and secondary surgical success rate was therefore above 98%, while the prosthetic success rate was 100%. (Bridges which had to be re-fabricated due to implant failure were not taken into account.)

CONCLUSIONThis approach is recommended as a highly successful and affordable option for a wide range of patients.

Blade Implantation ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; instrumentation ; methods ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw, Edentulous ; rehabilitation ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Middle Aged

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Esthetics ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To compare the volume of autogenous bone particles harvested utilizing different techniques and various implant systems during implant surgery, and to determine the advantageous method to collect autogenous bone particles. METHODS: Homogeneous epoxy resin simulated jaw bone model was enrolled. Bicon, Bego implant systems and Straumann tissue level implant systems were utilized. The two techniques were investigated. One method was low-speed drilling (50 r/min) without water irrigating, and the other one was drilling with cold water irrigating to the ideal depth, then closing the water and drilling out with low speed (50 r/min). The bone particles in the drill groove and implant beds were collected. The volumes of the bone harvested were compared between the different techniques and also among the three implant systems, then they were compared with the volume of the bone harvested by the special bone drill. The sample size of each sub-group was 10. The bone particles were weighed by electronic balance after drying. RESULTS: The harvested bone volume between the latch reamers and hand reamers of Bicon system with the first method was not significantly different. When the same size implant bed was prepared, the volume of the bone particles produced during the implant surgery with low-speed drill without water was significantly higher than that with the other method no matter Bicon [3.5 mm×10 mm hole for example (28.42±6.04) mg vs. (6.30±2.51) mg, P<0.001] or Bego system [2.8 mm×10 mm hole for example (28.95±5.39) mg vs. (4.61±3.39) mg, P<0.001] was used, and the ratio of bone volume between the first method and the second one was approximately 3.3 to 7.0 times. When using the second method to prepare the similar size implant bed, the bone volume was not significant different among Bicon, Bego and Straumann implant systems [Bicon (9.90±3.42) mg, Bego (8.70±4.09) mg, and Straumann (10.56±5.66) mg, P=0.69]. When preparing a 5 mm-diameter-10 mm-length hole with Bicon implant system and a 4.7 mm-diameter-10 mm-length with Bego implant system, the bone quantity harvested from each group was less than that harvested by special bone drill from Neo Biotech [Bicon (82.54±12.26) mg, Bego (85.07±12.64) mg vs. Neo Biotech (96.78±13.19) mg, P<0.05]. CONCLUSION More autogenous bone can be harvested from implant beds by preparing with low-speed rolling without water than the method with water irrigation. When utilizing the same preparing method, the implant system has no impact on the volume of the bone harvested.
Bone and Bones ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous

Management of mid-root fractures presents a formidable challenge for clinicians because of the difficulty of achieving a stable reunion of fracture fragments. This article presents two varied treatment options for mid-root fractures. A 15-year-old female reported an impact injury to the maxillary anterior teeth 2 days after its occurrence. Clinically, the maxillary left central incisor was palatally-extruded with a negative vitality response and radiographic evidence of an oblique fracture at the middle third of the root. An endodontic implant was employed which utilized an open technique and has been on follow-up for ten months. A 32-year-old male reported an injury, which resulted in a mobile maxillary right central incisor, three months after its occurrence. Through clinical and radiographic means, a discolored, extruded, and non-vital maxillary right central incisor with an oblique root fracture at the alveolar-crest level was observed. Exploratory surgery was performed; an apical barrier was created with a mineral trioxide aggregate and obturated with gutta percha. The fragments were stabilized with a fiber post and patient has been on follow-up for five months. Short-term follow-up for both of the cases showed promising results both clinically and radiographically.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Screws ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous, Endodontic ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; injuries ; Male ; Maxilla ; Post and Core Technique ; Root Canal Therapy ; methods ; Tooth Fractures ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the precise stress distribution of the apical foramen area of endodontic endosseous implant, in order to improve the prosthetics of endodontic endosseous implant.

METHODSAfter analysis of the two-dimensional endodontic endosseous implants model with finite element method, left and right areas beside the apical foramen were selected as infinite domains to calculate. D-N interactive method was used to connect the finite and infinite domains.

RESULTSUnder 45 degrees axial right oblique loading, the stress concentration occurred in both infinite domains of the apical foramen. The infinite domain nearing the load side was tension stress concentration, but the other side was compressive stress concentration. Two stress concentration points were just at the central points, which were intersections between implant and dentin. The stress reduced in all directions from these two stress concentration points, but in the ligament, the result was contrary.

CONCLUSIONSThe change of the tooth rotational center is helpful to the tooth stability and carrying capacity after restoration. In the implant area, the diameter of implant at the apical foramen of root shall not be reduced to protect root in clinical work. It is very important to preserve the tissue of periodontal ligament for endodontic endosseous implants.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Models ; Dental Stress Analysis ; methods ; Humans

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Humans ; Prognosis

Humans ; Esthetics, Dental ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Diphosphates ; therapeutic use ; Humans

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Humans ; Tooth Socket ; surgery