Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To explore the roles of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in microvessel angiogennesis, development and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The expression and cellular distributions of VEGF in HCCs were investigated by immunohistochemical method, and the levels of total RNA and VEGF also were quantitatively analysed in HCCs and paracancerous tissues. Results The positive rates of VEGF were 63 9% in all HCCs, 78 3% in non-encapsuled HCCs, and 90 9% in HCCs with extra-hepatic metastasis, respectively. VEGF expression was not associated with tumor size and differentiation degree. The total RNA level in HCCs was significantly lower than that in paracancerous and distal paracancerous tissues (P

Objective To explore the clinical significances of total antioxidation (TAO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression in patients with liver diseases.Methods The concentrations of TAO,NOS and nitric oxide(NO) were determined and the mechanism of their changes were analyzed in sera of patients with acute hepatitis(AH),chronic hepatitis(CH),liver cirrhosis(LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Results The abnormal rate of TAO was 80% in AH or in CH,and 50% in LC or in HCC,respectively.The sera NOS activity over normal reference value was 70% in patients with liver diseases.The abnormal rate of NO level was 70% in AH,CH and LC groups,and 48% in HCC,respectively.The average level of serum TAO was significantly higher in AH group or in CH group,but not in both HCC and LC groups than that in normal subjects.The average levels of NO and NOS were significantly higher in patients with liver diseases than those in normal subjects.However,the two markers were lower in HCC patients than those in AH,CH and LC groups,respectively.Conclusions The data suggest that the activity of NOS is close relation to serum NO level in patients with liver diseases,the increase of NO concentration may play a role in protection of hepatocytes.

BACKGROUND: Cardiospecific proteins of the troponin-tropomyosin complex in the contractile system of the cardiomyocytes have challenged creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) as the "gold standard" for the early biochemical detection of acute myocardial injury.OBJECTIVE: To investigate cardiac troponin Ⅰ messager RNA (cTnI-mRNA) in peripheral blood and its clinical values in diagnosis of patients with myocardial injury.DESIGN: A basic and observational study for set up a method to analyze cTnI-mRNA.SETTING: Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University.MATERIALS: The project was accomplished from May 2003 to May 2005 in Research Center of Clinical Molecular Biology, and Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University. The cTnI-mRNA was detected from blood by a nested PCR assay, and its clinical values as a sensitive myocardial diagnostic marker were confirmed in patients with myocardial injury.METHODS: Pathologic features and microstructure of cardiac myocytes were examined by H&E staining or electron microscopy. The cTnI-mRNA was extracted from blood and synthesized to cDNA through random primers and reverse transcriptase, and amplified by a nested PCR assay, and its clinical values as a myocardial diagnostic marker were investigated in patients with myocardial injury.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Microstructure of cardiomyocytes, sensitivity of analysis method and diagnostic values.RESULTS: Microstructure of cardiomyocytes with mitochondria swell,rupture, vacancy-like denaturation, nucleus abnormality, and chromatin condensed were observed by electron microscopy. The cTnI-mRNA fragments from heart and blood were successfully amplified and the sensitivity was 2 pg/μL. The product sequences from tissues or blood were confirmed by sequencing. The cTnI-mRNA from cardiac myocytes was found that it present in blood plasma and not in circulating nucleus cell. The incidence of blood cTnI-mRNA of chronic cardiomyopathy was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) than that of serum enzymatic patterns or cTnI quality,respectively.CONCLUSION: The analysis of blood cTnI-mRNA is a sensitive marker for diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial injury.

During years of managent practice of postgraduate training,it is found that great attention of leadership is a good foundation,that pre-service training is an essential part,that srtict implementation of the requirements on postgraduate,advisor-responsibility system unified instruction under subject,focusing on process-management of training and exploring actively effective incentive training methods is necessary.

There have emerged gradually serious one-sided benefits chasing behaviour over the past 10 years in many hospitals. In this article we've tried to analyze its scocial roots and disclose its harming effects which lead us to ethical misunderstanding and contradict serving tenets in our clinical practice. We also present these pertinent criteria of medical ethics and search after approaches for keeping away these mistakes repeatedly.

Objective To explore the clinical value of peripheral blood albumin gene and alpha-fetoprotein gene in early diagnosis and differential diagnosis ofhepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Two gene fragments were amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)with the samples from patients.Results The positive tales of peripheral blood gene fragments from patients with HCC were 53.7％in AFP and 59.7％in Alb.respectively.The former Wag signifieantly higher than that in liver cirrhosis(LC),chronic hepatitis(CH),acute hepatitis(AH)and extrahepatic tumor(ET).The latter Wag also significantly higher than that in LC,CH and ET(P

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common digestive system tumors. Its occurrence and development are considered as multi-factorial and multi-step process. Recent studies have shown that wingless-related integration (Wnt) pathway plays an important role in the HCC progression and is associated with malignant transformation of hepatocytes, HCC metastasis, drug resistance and liver cancer stem cells. This article analyzes the expression of key signaling molecules in Wnt pathway and its value in diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy, and outlines the research progress of Wnt pathway targeted drugs for the treatment of HCC, with a view to providing targeted therapy research for HCC reference.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Wnt Signaling Pathway

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathological syndrome characterized by diffuse macrovesicular steatosis and excessive lipid accumulation in the liver due to nonalcoholic reasons and other specific factors for liver injury, including simple fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and liver cirrhosis. With the increasing incidence of NAFLD, the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is also increasing, but the exact mechanism remains unknown. This paper summarizes the roles of lipid accumulation, related cells, proteins, hormones, and metabolites in malignant transformation of hepatocytes, as well as the relationship between NAFLD, HCC, and lipid metabolism, and provides a new perspective for the prevention of HCC in clinical practice.