Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of alcoholic severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Clinical data of 166 cases of SAP in Fujian Provincial Hospital from January 2001 to December 2008 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Cases were divided into alcoholic SAP group (43cases) and control group ( 123 cases) depending on deoholic intake volue whithin 12～48 hours. Age, gender,CT scores, APACHE Ⅱ score, serum glucose, serum triglyceride (TG), serum calcium, serum albumin,morbidity, later infection rate and mortality rate of the two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in terms of age, but the proportion of male in alcoholic SAP group (39/43) was higher than that in control group (58/123, P<0.01 ). CT score, serum glucose and calcium were not significantly different between the two groups. The APACHEⅡ score and serum TG in alcoholic SAP group [19.16±5.38,(5.06±4.03)mmol/L] were significantly higher than those in control group [16.02±5.09, (3.12±2.95)mmol/L]. The albumenjolevel in alcoholic SAP group (25.23±7.12)g/L) was lower than that in control group [(30.68±8.35 ) g/L, P<0.01]. The incidences of ARDS and upper gastroenterologic bleeding were not significantly different between the two groups. But the incidences of acute kidney failure (44.2%), liver failure (41.9%), heart failure (37.2%), shock (39.5%), infection (27.9%) and mortality (30.2%) in alcoholic SAP were significantly higher than those in control group (26.0%,30.9%, 20.3%, 16.3%,16.3%, 7.3%, P<0.05 or<0.01). Conclusions Males predominates alcoholic SAP patients with high mortality and morbidity. Alcohol abstinence is effective to prevent alcoholic SAP ocurrence.

In recent years, with the in-depth research on intestinal microecology, probiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, fecal bacteria transplantation and other microecological therapies have become new clinical treatment and intervention methods. The occurrence and development of some chronic diseases are closely related to the disorder of intestinal flora. Therefore, in clinical practice, the treatment and adjuvant treatment of chronic dis-eases related to intestinal flora disorder with the method of intestinal microecology will bring better treatment op-tions and clinical prognosis. How to better regulate intestinal flora to bring more benefits to such patients, as well as what kind of microecologics and treatment methods are the primary problems and challenges in the inter-vention of chronic diseases with microecologics. Based on the current trend of intestinal microecological inter-vention in chronic diseases, this article proposedthe microecological intervention strategy, in order to improve theunderstanding of this topic.

Innate lymphoid cells are the most recently discovered family of lymphocytes and a group of innate immune cells. They cannot directly participate in specific immune responses due to lack of pattern recognition and recombination receptors. According to the transcription factors that regulate their de-velopment and function and the cytokines that they can produce, ILCs can be divided into three groups:ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3. ILC1 and ILC3 also include several different subtypes. ILCs play an important role in maintaining the integrity of intestinal mucosal epithelium, regulating intestinal microbiote, promoting the de-velopment of the intestinal immune system and regulating intestinal inflammation. This article reviews the roles of ILCs in intestinal homeostasis maintenance and the development of intestinal diseases.