Aged ; Cyclosporine ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy

Objective To analyze the incidence of endometriosis in inpatients with infertility in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 30 years. Methods The inpatients of Peking Union Medical College Hospital admitted between May 1983 and November 2013 was searched. The infertile patients receiving laparoscopy or laparotomy were included. The discharge diagnosis and the operation were summarized. The incidence of gynecologic diseases were demonstrated, such as endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, uterine fibroid, hydrosalpinx, ovarian benign tumor, and adenomyosis. The age was collected, and the change of age and the incidence of endometriosis was analyzed. Results The incidence of endometriosis in infertile female inpatients was 35.50%(95%CI:34.50%-36.49%). The incidence showed relatively stable increasing tendency after 2004 (with P<0.01). The age had increased significantly since 1996 (with P<0.01);the average age was (29.76±3.74) years old in 1996, and (32.85±4.49) years old in 2013 (P<0.01). The inpatients diagnosed with endometriosis had greater age, (32.67 ± 4.06) versus (32.04 ± 4.55) years old (P<0.01);the incidence of endometriosis differed in different age group, the older group had higher incidence (χ2=85.807, P<0.01). Conclusions Infertile female inpatients showed increasing incidence of endometriosis in recent years. Older infertile patients maybe have higher risk of endometriosis.

Objective To access the effects of aldosterone (ALD) and its receptor antagonist- spironolactone (SPI) on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in podocytes and to explore the possible mechanism involved. Methods Conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes were divided into control group, ALD group, SPI group and SPI +ALD group. The level of ROS production and the expression of nephrin protein were assayed by fluorescent spectrophotometry and indirect immunofluorescence technology. The apoptosis rate of podocytes was monitored by flow cytometry. The expression of bax and bcl-2 mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. The anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC)was applied to determine whether the effects of ALD on podocytes were mediated by ROS pathway.Results Compared with the control group, ALD significantly increased ROS production in podocytes (P＜0.05). SPI completely abolished the above-mentioned effect of ALD (P＜0.05). ALD induced the down-regulation of the expression of nephrin and the up-regulation of podocytes apoptosis (P＜0.05), which was accompanied with the elevated expression of bax mRNA and protein and the reduced expression of bcl-2 mRNA and protein (P＜0.05). SPI or NAC prevented the above-mentioned changes induced by ALD (P＜0.05). Conclusion ALD increases theexpression of pro-apoptotic factor (bax) but decreases the expression of anti-apoptotic factor (bcl-2)to induce podocytes apoptosis through the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) possibly via the mechanisms involving ROS pathway.

This study examined the effect of sulodexide on podocyte injury in rats with adriamycin nephropathy (AN). A total of 36 healthy male SD rats were randomly assigned to three groups: control group, AN group and sulodexide treatment group. Rat models of AN were established by a single tail intravenous injection of adriamycin (6.5 mg/kg) in both AN group and sulodexide treatment group. Sulodexide (10 mg/kg) was administered the rats in the treatment group once daily by garage from the first day of model establishment until the 14th day or the 28th day. Samples of 24-h urine and renal cortex tissues were harvested at day 14, 28 after the model establishment. Excretion of 24-h urinary protein was measured by Coomassie brilliant blue method. The pathological changes in renal tissues were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy respectively. Heparanase mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Expressions of desmin, CD2AP and heparanase were determined by immunohistological staining. The results showed that the expressions of heparanase mRNA and protein were increased in the glomeruli of AN rats at day 14 and 28 after the model establishment, which was accompanied by the increased expression of desmin and CD2AP. The mRNA and protein expression of heparanase was decreased in the sulodexide-treated rats as compared with AN rats at day 14 and 28. And, the protein expression of desmin and CD2AP was reduced as with heparanase in the sulodexide- treated rats. Proteinuria and podocyte foot process effacement were alleviated in the AN rats after sulodexide treatment. There was a positive correlation between the expression of heparanase and the expression of desmin and CD2AP (as well as 24-h urinary protein excretion). It was concluded that increased heparanase is involved in podocyte injury. Sulodexide can maintain and restore podocyte morphology by inhibiting the expression of heparanase in AN.

Objective: To explore the correlation between the expression of C-terminal tensin-like protein (CTEN) and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Using immunohistochemistry, we detected CTEN protein level in samples of primary lesion and adjacent non-tumor lesion collected from 240 patients with HCC. The relationship between CTEN expression and clinicopathology, 5 year recurrent-free survival, or overall survival was evaluated by Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier, or Cox regression analysis. Results: High CTEN expression was detected in 55% of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and 20%of adjacent carcinoma tissues (P<0.001). CTEN expression was positively correlated with tumor diameter (P=0.022), venous invasion (P=0.007) or TNM stages (P=0.022). Five-year recurrence-free survival time (P<0.001) and overall survival time (P<0.001) in patients with high CTEN expression were signiifcantly less than those in patients with low CTEN expression. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the CTEN expression was an independent prognostic marker for HCC (all P<0.05). Conclusion: CTEN protein may play a role in the genesis and development of HCC, and it can function as a prognostic marker.

Objective To explore the efficacy of process management on bladder function among traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients admitted to intensive rehabilitation and care unit (IRCU). Methods 33 cases were collected to control group who were cared with routing nursing during February, 2011 to December, 2012. Other 39 cases were recruited to trial group cared with process management of bladder function during January, 2013 to December, 2014. Process management of bladder function contained the establishment of process manage-ment guide, evaluation of removing catheter, nursing of bladder based on residue of urine volume and keeping a diary of urination, etc. Re-sults There were more cases with residue of urine volume less than 100 ml and less with catheter associated urinary tract infection in the tri-al group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Process management of bladder function can improve the recovery of bladder func-tion of TBI patients, shorten rehabilitation time and decrease the risk of catheter associated urinary tract infection.

AIM: To investigate the primary culture method for coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs), and to establish the endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ERS) model in CASMCs of SD rats.METHODS:CASMCs were cultured by tissue explant method .The morphological characteristics were observed under optical micro-scope.The marker proteins of CASMCs , including α-SMA and SM-MHC, were identified by immunofluorescence tech-nique.The protein expression levels of BiP and CHOP , the marker molecules of ERS, were determined by Western blot . RESULTS:The spindle-shaped CASMCs climbed out from the edge of coronary artery tissues after 6 d, and formed the typical hill and valleygrowth pattern of CASMCs at 9~10 d.The result of immunofluorescence technique showed that α-SMA and SM-MHC were positively expressed .The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of BiP and CHOP in TG ( 1 and 2 μmol/L ) treatment groups was increased compared with control group .Compared with control group, the protein expression of BiP and CHOP was significantly increased after 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION:CASMCs can be successfully cultured by tissue explant method .ERS model of CASMCs was established by 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 h.

Objective Infliximab is a kind of recombinant human mouse chimeric anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody. Here we aimed to examine the impact of infliximab therapy on RANK/RANKL/OPG system in the peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods Fifty patients with RA were rigorously screened and randomly divided into 2 groups. One group was treated with infliximab (3 mg/kg)and methotrexate (MTX). As control, the other group was treated with MTX alone. Infliximab was administered at weeks 0, 2, 6 and 14. The expression of RANK, RANKL mRNA in the peripheral blood, serum OPG and clinical indicators changes at week 0 and 18 were compared.x2-test or t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results After treated with infliximab, bone damage of joints were slowed down when examined by radiography in RA patients compared with the control group. And the ratio of OPG/RANKL was also decreased in RA peripheral blood (w0: 80.25;w 18: 63.2); (control group w0: 83.37; w18: 30.87)(P＞0.05). Although after the treatment with either MTX alone [w0: (238±15) pg/ml; w18: (118±10) pg/ml] or infliximab combined with MTX [(w0: (223.1±6.2) pg/ml; w18:(162.4±5.5) pg/ml], the serum levels of OPG were all decreased (P＞0.05), the level of OPG in infliximab treatment group was declined slower than those in the control group. Conclusion RA bone destruction can be inhibited by the combination therapy of infliximab and MTX. The mechanism may be partly through the RANK/RANKL/OPG system.

This study is to develop a therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) network server of tacrolimus for Chinese renal transplant patients, which can facilitate doctor to manage patients' information and provide three levels of predictions. Database management system MySQL was employed to build and manage the database of patients and doctors' information, and hypertext mark-up language (HTML) and Java server pages (JSP) technology were employed to construct network server for database management. Based on the population pharmacokinetic model of tacrolimus for Chinese renal transplant patients, above program languages were used to construct the population prediction and subpopulation prediction modules. Based on Bayesian principle and maximization of the posterior probability function, an objective function was established, and minimized by an optimization algorithm to estimate patient's individual pharmacokinetic parameters. It is proved that the network server has the basic functions for database management and three levels of prediction to aid doctor to optimize the regimen of tacrolimus for Chinese renal transplant patients.
Algorithms ; Bayes Theorem ; Database Management Systems ; Drug Monitoring ; methods ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Kidney Transplantation ; Models, Biological ; Tacrolimus ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics

Objective To investigate the mRNA and protein expression levels of interferon(IFN)-?in the peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),to analyze the relationship between IFN-?and disease activity,and to evaluate the role of IFN-?in the pathogenesis of lupus.Methods SYBR green dyeⅠbased real-time quantatives PCR method was used to compare the mRNA expression levels of IFN-?in the peripheral blood leucocyte of SLE patients and healthy controls.Surum levels of IFN-?were measured with ELISA method.Results IFNA1 mRNA expression level in SLE patients(2.8?3.5)was signifi- cantly lower than that of normal controls(12.7?10.7,P=0.000).There was no significant difference between patients treated with glucocorticoid and those without in the expression level of IFNA1(P=0.549).Serum levels of IFN-?in SLE patients was significantly higher than that of normal controls(P=0.003).The SLEDAI score and anti-dsDNA antibody correlated positively,and complement components C3,C4 and leukocytes correlated negatively with serum concentration of IFN-?.IFN-?level correlated with the presence of fever and rash. Conclusion The close relationship between IFN-?serum level and disease activity in SLE patients suggests that IFN-?might be of importance in the disease process.