Objective To explore the adaptive modulation of brain in structure and function when moving to high altitude areas based on voxel-based morphometry (VBM),amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF)and regional homogeneity (ReHo) method.Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)of brain was respectively performed in 1 9 normal adults who moved to high altitude areas within a week,and they have matched age and education level.The subj ects were performed the same scanning after one year.The VBM,ALFF and ReHo methods were adopted to analyze the functional MRI data.Results There were no significant differences in brain structure between the two groups.There were significant differences in brain function in resting state.Subj ects staying in high altitude areas for one year had increased ALFF in left middle frontal gyrus,decreased ALFF in right lingual gyrus(P<0.01),increased ReHo in the left orbital frontal gyrus,and decreased ReHo in right cuneus and right superior parietal gyrus(P<0.05).Conclusion There are significant changes in brain function of normal adult after stayed in high altitude for one year,which might be associated with long-term chronic hypoxia.

Objective:To explore the effective way of cultivating the operating room nurses′humanistic quality by using the morning shift and to improve operating room nurses′comprehensive quality .Methods:The operating room nurses were divided into five specialist groups according to the nurses′levels, helping each group to determine the training topic of humanistic quality training , via taking a variety of training methods to promote operating room nurses′humanistic quality by making good use of the morning shift time .Results: Through taking a variety of training methods to promote the operating room nurses′humanistic quality by making good use of the morning shift time, the operating room nurses′humanistic care ability , theoretical knowledge , professional skills were improved significantly(P<0.05),and the operating rooms doctors, surgical patients′satisfaction of operating room nurses′service were improved ( P<0 .05 ) .Conclusion:Making good use of the morning shift time to improve the nurses′humanistic quality , at the same time , the nursing service quality and patients satisfaction were also improved .

Objective To investigate the current status of workplace violence among Nursing Staff. Methods The Modified Version of Hospital Workplace Violence Questionnaire was used to investigate 792 nursing staff about their experiences of workplace violence over the past one year in a third-grade Class-A comprehensive hospital in Xi′an city. Results The prevalence of workplace violence among 792 participants was 58.08%(460/792), Outpatient department, Emergency department, Obstetrics and Gynecology department, Pediatrics department were the high-risk areas of workplace violence. Day-shift was the main period of workplace violence occurred. The families of patients, middle-aged, male were the main perpetrators. 72.60%(575/792) of the respondents thought the workplace violence were unavoidable. Correct media orientation (89.33%, 707/792) was considered as the primary measure for preventing workplace violence. Patience explanation (74.13%, 341/460), forbearance (53.04%, 244/460) were the main methods for coping with hospital workplace violence. Grievances (75.38%, 347/460), anger (65.65%, 302/460), part of them even wanted to resign (21.84%, 100/460) after experiencing workplace violence were their feelings. Security patrols (81.63%, 647/792), wards installed cameras (77.43%, 613/792) and bright lights (53.42%, 423/792) in the night work areas were the main measures to prevent workplace violence that the hospital had taken to prevent workplace violence. Conclusions Workplace violence among nursing staff is common. It is suggested that hospitals and the relevant government departments should conduct further intervention research, to formulate feasible administrative riot guiding for reducing the incidence of workplace violence.

OBJECTIVE To compare the outcome measurement scores for hearing impaired people with hearing aids. Two kind of questionnaires of Chinese version--COSI and IOI-HA were developed in order to find out the more specific outcome measurements for hearing aid users in China. METHODS The COSI and IOI-HA were administered for 30 hearing aid users via telephone or by clinical interview. SPSS software was used to analyze the collecting data. RESULTS Five prevalent problems to which most of the people with hearing aids pay attention were summarized. The mean level of the satisfaction of all the participants was high. CONCLUSION The outcome measurement inventory reflects the major problems which patients concern most and it can be used to evaluate the aural intervention and rehabilitation. After further study, this method is worth extending clinical application.

OBJECTIVE: To observe waveform difference among cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) elicited with different types of air conducted sound in normal young Chinese subjects. METHOD: Twenty adult volunteers (40 ears) were recruited as research subjects including 10 males and 10 females aged between 19 and 30.500 Hz Tone Burst, 1000 Hz Tone Burst and Click were employed as stimulus for conventional air conducted sound-cVEMP (ACS-cVEMP) examinations in bilateral ears of each subject. The response rate, threshold, P1 latency, N1 latency, P1-N1 latency interval, amplitude and inter-aural asymmetry were recorded and compared among groups. RESULT: The response rate was 97.5% in 500Hz Tone Burst (39/40), 87.5% in 1 000Hz Tone Burst (35/40)and 67.5% in Click (27/40), There were no statistically significant difference between 500Hz Tone Burst and 1000Hz Tone Burst (P > 0.05) but there were statistically significant difference between click and the other groups (P < 0.05). We collected the waveform parameters (the threshold, P1 latency, N1 latency, P1-N1 latency interval, amplitude) which had statistically significant difference between 500 Hz Tone Burst and the other groups (P < 0.05). The inter-aural asymmetrys had no statistically significant differents among groups. CONCLUSION The response rate and parameter could be affected by different types of air conducted sound in normal young Chinese subjects. 500 Hz Tone Burst was the best stimulus of type what we have known.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiology ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the hotspots and trend of research on the signaling pathways of intracerebral hemorrhage in the past 10 years through bibliometrics and visual analysis. Methods We used CiteSpace to perform bibliometrics and visual analysis on relevant articles published in the recent 10 years， which were obtained from the Science Citation Index Expanded database of the Web of Science Core Collection. Results According to visual analysis of 796 pieces of literature on intracerebral hemorrhage-related signaling pathways， there is a growing number of papers published in this field. China was the country with the largest number of papers published. Loma Linda University was the institution with the largest number of papers published. The funding institution sponsoring most in this field was the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The keyword analysis showed that the research focused on inflammatory reactions， oxidative stress， microRNA gene expression， nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways， extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 signaling pathways， the lipid-signaling molecule sphingosine-1-phosphate， and scalp acupuncture therapy. Conclusion CiteSpace-based visual analysis can directly display the research hotspots and trend of intracerebral hemorrhage-related signaling pathways， providing new insights into the treatment and prevention of intracerebral hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE: To collect the daily speech materials and to discuss the speech development of normal-hearing pre-school children. METHOD: Based on the database of daily speech materials of children who are 3 to 5 years old, from separate monosyllabic word to syllable,analysis the frequency of words and compare them with adults. RESULT: In the spoken words of children who are 3 to 5 years old, we can find all Mandarin phonemes. With independent sample t test, it was shown that there is no significant difference in the distributing of phonemes between children and adults. CONCLUSION Children who are 3 years old have developed the phonetic system of the language basically.
Adult ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Child, Preschool ; Hearing ; Humans ; Language Development

Polyhydroxyalkanoate depolymerase (PHAD) can be used for the degradation and recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). In order to develop a PHAD with good stability under high temperature, PHAD from Thermomonospora umbrina (TumPHAD) was heterelogously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). At the same time, a mutant A190C/V240C with enhanced stability was obtained via rational design of disulfide bonds. Characterization of enzymatic properties showed that the mutant A190C/V240C had an optimum temperature of 60 ℃, which was 20 ℃ higher than that of the wild type. The half-life at 50 ℃ was 7 hours, at 50 ℃ which was 21 times longer than that of the wild type. The mutant A190C/V240C was used for the degradation of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), one of the typical PHA. At 50 ℃, the degradation rate of PHB being treated for 2 hours and 12 hours was 2.1 times and 3.8 times higher than that of the wild type, respectively. The TumPHAD mutant A190C/V240C obtained in this study shows tolerance to high temperature resistance, good thermal stability and strong PHB degradation ability, which may facilitate the degradation and recovery of PHB.
Thermomonospora ; Actinomycetales ; Escherichia coli/genetics* ; Polyhydroxyalkanoates

The discussion and research on the clinical dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） have attracted increasing attention. Through approaches including modern technology， evidence-based medical methods， and multi-disciplinary treatment， we should construct a sound TCM inheritance and innovation system， establish a collaborative innovation mechanism， and integrate major research projects， striving to make breakthroughs in TCM theory， methodology， standards， and regulation system， promoting the scientific and technological progress of TCM， and thereby improving its curative effect. The China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） carried out a series of youth salon seminars for clinical dominant diseases in TCM， discussing and sorting out the advantages of the dominant diseases in clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in specific diseases or fields. Authoritative experts in the industry were invited to give comment and guidance to form a report. Centering on clinical research of dominant diseases， thematic research was carried out in the aspects of practice， human experience-based evidence， and transformation path. Through the systematic study of the dominant diseases， the advantages of TCM in different stages of disease treatment were excavated to constantly improve the prevention and treatment ability of TCM and carry forward the advancement of TCM theory and practice. At the same time， the communication and understanding between traditional Chinese and western medicine were improved， laying the foundation for the further formation of industry guidelines or consensus and comprehensive promotion. These seminars are expected to provide references for the development of policy planning， clinical diagnosis and treatment， health economy， and social services in TCM and lay the foundation for the formation of a new modern diagnosis and treatment system with Chinese characteristics.