No abstract available.
Delusions*

No abstract available.
Delusions

No abstract available.
Delusions* ; Schizophrenia*

OBJECTIVES: Delusions are prevalent even among members of the general population, and persecutory delusions (PDs) and grandiose delusions (GDs) are most frequently found. In this study, we investigated the differences in the dimensions of delusional ideation, reported psychosis proneness, and subjective psychotic symptoms in nonclinical individuals stratified according to the existence of PDs and GDs. METHODS: A total of 311 nonclinical individuals completed the Peters et al Delusions Inventory 40 (PDI-40), Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS), Magical Ideation Scale (MIS), Schizotypal Personality Scale (STA), and Symptom Check List-90-R (SCL-90-R). Individuals were grouped according to four types based on the existence of PDs and GDs in PDI-40 items. RESULTS: An analysis of variance revealed that the four groups differed significantly in total delusion score, distress, preoccupation, and conviction level of delusional ideation, PAS, MAS, STA, in total SCL-90-R scores, and all SCL-90-R sub symptoms. In post-hoc analysis, the group with both PDs and GDs showed the highest scores in all measures, compared with the other three groups. CONCLUSION: We found that individuals with both PDs and GDs have a tendency to possess another delusional ideation and reported more distress, preoccupation, and conviction level of delusional ideation, psychosis proneness, and subjective symptoms. Existence of both PDs and GDs significantly elevated psychosis proneness in comparison to having only either one of them.
Delusions ; Magic ; Psychotic Disorders

No abstract available.
Delusions* ; Hallucinations* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Delusions* ; Hallucinations* ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of relationship between the frequency of various persecutors in schizophrenic delusion and religious orientation with other religious variables. METHODS: The subjects were 105 schizophrenic patients. Diagnostic criteria used in this study was DSM-III-R. Religious orientation was assessed with the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale. Demographic data, religious data, and contents of persecutory delusion were also analyzed. RESULTS: 1) The group obsessed with religious delusion regarded God, ghosts, and supernatural beings as persecutors. Predominantly, they used to have religious affiliation with protestantism before schizophrenic onset while being "intrinsic" in religious attitude. They also participated in religious activities more than 2 times every week. 2) The group who regarded religious leaders and shamans as persecutors predominantly had a religious affiliation after schizophrenic onset with "proreligious" and "intrinsic" religious attitude while some of them never participated in religious activity. 3) The group who regarded predominantly family and relatives as persecutors have a religious affiliation with buddhism and others(shamanism and etc) after schizophrenic onset with "extrinsic" religious attitude. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that religious orientation and other religious factors seem to affect persecutory delusion formation in schizophrenic patients.
Buddhism ; Delusions* ; Humans ; Protestantism ; Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the rates childhood traumatic experiences (CTEs) of schizophrenia patients and to examine relationship between childhood traumatic experiences, dissociation and psychotic symptoms. METHODS: One hundred schizophrenia patients who had 5 or 5 points below in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) and who were not in active psychotic episode and 50 healthy siblings who grew up in the same environment with the patients were included to the study. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV, Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), CGI-S, Global Assessment of Functioning Scale and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) applied to the patients. RESULTS: Childhood abuse subscales and DES scores were statistically higher in the patient group (p<0.001). We determined moderately significant positive correlation between CTQ-28 and DES. We determined moderately significant positive correlation between CTQ total scores and persecutory delusions, delusions of reference, ability to feel intimacy and closeness; relationship with friends and peers. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between persecutory delusions and CTQ-total, DES-total and all subscales of CTQ-28. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should inquire about CTEs to develop comprehensive formulations and treatment plans among schizophrenia.
Delusions ; Friends ; Humans ; Schizophrenia ; Siblings

The underlying nature of delusions remains unclear despite their importance in psychopathology. Here we present a review of the neurocognitive model of delusions from a cognitive neuroscience viewpoint. There have been numerous reports on cognitive impairments in delusional patients, such as in their reasoning, attention, metacognition, and attribution biases. These findings have been incorporated into several cognitive models that aim to explain the formation, maintenance, and content of delusion. Although delusions are commonly conceptualized as beliefs, not all models make reference to models of normal belief formation. This review focused on two-factor theory models that make a distinction between factors that explain the content of delusions and those that explain their presence. This cognitive theory that includes the 'pragmatic pathology' of delusions can address both the phenomenology and treatment of delusion-related distress.
Bias (Epidemiology) ; Delusions* ; Humans ; Neurosciences ; Psychopathology

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with cognitive and functional impairment as well as neuropsychiatric complications, including psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations. Recent studies strongly suggest that delusions should be separated from hallucinations. While AD with delusions is a phenotypically distinct from AD without delusions, subtypes of delusions may also define further distinct clinical entities. There has been also considerable debate as to whether delusions in patients with AD differ etiologically, phenomenologically, and therapeutically from delusions in other primary psychiatric illnesses. In other words, whether they are caused by changes to key areas of the brain that have been linked to the presence of delusions. This has led to speculation that these symptoms may respond better to certain drugs such as cholinesterase inhibitors. Integrating the epidemiology, clinical phenomenology, neuropathological and genetic literature for delusions in AD allows us to speculate on pathophysiology and is essential to making progress in the area of delusions in AD.
Alzheimer Disease* ; Brain ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; Delusions* ; Epidemiology ; Hallucinations ; Humans