0 05) , RCR and RFER were more higher , RICR and RFIR were greatly lower in analgesia group than those in control group 3d after operation(P0 05), RCR increased markedly 7d after operation(P0 05) Conclusions Postoperative analgesia can help stabilize erythrocyte immunity function

The extraction method with organic solvent extraction to detect nitric oxide was improved, and the production of nitric oxide in mice myocardium in vitro was detected with this method. Using organic solvent (DETC)2-Fe2 + -NO complex was extracted from water phase into ester phase, and nitric oxide in sample of large volume can be detected by ESR at room temperature. The extracting ability of several organic solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, glycerol triacetate, iso-amy lacetate, and n-butanol, was compared, and it was found that ethyl acetate was a good kind of organic solvent. There was a good linear relationship between the concentration of nitric oxide and ESR intensity within concentration of 20μmol/L, and the detected limit was improved to below 200 nmol/L; (DETC)2-Fe2+ -NO complex is easy to decompose in light but it is very stable in dark at 0～4℃ which, there is only a little change after ten days.

Objective To investigate the influence of congenital cleft lip or cleft palate on total respiratary compliance (C T) in child.Methods Sixty children without congenital malformation (control group) and 240 children with congenital cleft lip or cleft palate (test group), scheduled for selected operation, were divided into 5 subgroups according to the age range: 1 12 months,1 3 years,4 7 years and 8 12 years,respectively. With the mechnical ventilation following intratracheal intubation after anesthesia induction, P ET CO 2 was maitained at 4 4.6kPa. The C T was measured with Datex Ultima monitor.Results Compared with the control level in the same age subgroup, C T remained unsignificant changes in all subgroups of cleft lip and in 1 12 months and 1 3 years subgroups of cleft palate, but decreased significantly in 4 7 years and 8 12 years subgroups of cleft palate(P

OBJECTIVE:To provide information about the current situations and trend of development in Chinese phar?maceutical trade.METHODS:We have generally overviewed the basic situation and existing problems in Chinese pharmaceu?tical trade and analysed and discussed its trend of development in the future.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Chinese pharma?ceutical enterprises must think highly of their existing problems and the chances and challenges after entry into WTO,and take corresponding countermeasures to continually strengthen and improve their power of competition and jointly keep Chinese pharmaceutical trade healthy,constant and stable development.

Collagen fibrils and hydroxyapatite might recognize each other at the mesoscale by multiple cooperative interactions due to their intrinsically repetitive structured surfaces, and thus effectively directing the biomineralization, a biological process involving regulating the growth of bones, teeth and other organs. In this work, we developed a simple technique to prepare nanowire arrays of biological macromolecules by reversely using the biomineralization mechanism, with results similar to the hot wall epitaxy, a molecular beam deposition technique under vacuum. With this technique, we successfully cultured 5-10 μg/mL rat tail type I collagen monomer solutions into collagen nanowire arrays on the mica (001) lattice plane along one unique direction across the whole cleavage surface. The atomic force microscope experiments indicated that the nanowires in the arrays became more crowded with higher monomer concentration, but their width and height remained unchanged, about 60.0 nm and 1.5 nm, respectively. The collagen nanowire coating enhanced the hydrophilicity of the mica surface, reducing the contact angle from 25.8° to 9.5°. Based on the characterization results of electron back scattering diffraction and transmission electron microscope, the collagen nanowires were most likely to be oriented along the mica [110] direction, which validated the quasiepitaxial growth mechanism in more details.

Objective To analyze the relation between calcium and phosphate metabolism and the death for cardiovascular disease in continuous peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods60 peritoneal dialysis patients from our hospital were collected from July,1999 to December,2007 were divided into two groups by the death causes:the death cause for CVD group and the death cause for non-CVD group,and then compare their gender、age、time for dialysis、difference for pulse pressure(PP)、the content of Ca、P、Ca?P and PTH in serum.Results There are 28 cases in CVD group(47%);there are 32 cases in non-CVD group(53%).There are not differences for age、gender、time for dialysis and serum calcium between two groups;there are significant differences for PP、serum phosphorus、Ca?P、PTH between two groups.ConclusionThe high value for phosphorus、Ca?P and PTH in serum are closely related to the death cause for CVD in continuous peritoneal dialysis patients,which are the main dangerous factors in the death cause for CVD.

From October 1985 to April 1989, free flaps using post tibial vessel of the healthy leg as a bridgework were applied to 7 cases of extensive traumatic wounds, including damage of main vessels, exposure of bone and large soft tissue defect, of the lower limbs. Success was obtained in all cases. The operative method, indication, selection of the skin donor area and the key factor of operative success were introduced and discussed in the article.

Objective To investigate the applied value of combined flap that was anastomosed a set of blood vessels. Methods This team includs 26 cases, all cases were injured in traffic accident. The wound parts were knee, calf or ankle. All skin defaults was combined with osseous exposure, chronic inflammation and the wound area was huge. So all cases were terminal repair. After drastically debriding,the wound was repaired through transplanting combined flap that was anastomosed a set of blood vessels. The 6 types flaps were selected. It demonstrates signs of adequate circulation. Its longest was 70 cm, its largest was 42 cm x 42 cm. Results All flaps were alive, the wounds were closed up, the fractures were healed up, the feet or calves were reserved. All above was condition for function reservation. Conclusion THe applying of combined flap that anastomosed a set of blood vessels could substitutes the built-up flaps that was anastomosed a group of blood vessels. The procedure have spent smaller time, and have higher successful ratio. So it would be prone to applying and popularizing in clinical.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and stroke. Stimulants such as ephedrine and caffeine and their herbal counterparts have been proved effective in reducing body mass; however, their use is controversial due to the undesired effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find a tolerable and effective nutraceutical that can increase energy expenditure and/or decrease calorie intake to reduce weight.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a preparation containing node of Lotus Rhizome, green tea, and Panax notoginsengin reducing body mass and fat in obese adults.DESIGN: Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study using the volunteers as the subjects.SETTING: Institute of Natural Drug of Yunnan Baiyao Group.PARTICIPANTS: The trial was conducted in the Institute of Natural Drug of Yunnan Baiyao Group from July 5 to August 23 in 2003. Altogether 82 obese volunteers[35 men and 47 women aged 26- 50 years, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 ] were randomly assigned to treatment and placebo groups with 41 in each group.METHODS: The treatment group received 9 g pill of a dietary supplement containing a proprietary blend of node of Lotus Rhizome, green tea and Panax notoginseng every day for 7 weeks, while the placebo group received 9 g pill of rice flour every day for 7 weeks. Their body mass, percentage of body fat,absolute fat mass, BMI, waist and hip circumference, and anthropometric measurements were recorded at the beginning and the end of the study. The subjects completed daily dietary intake records on days 1 to 3 and 47 to 49. They also completed weekly activity logs throughout the study.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Final outcome indexes: body mass,percentage of body fat, BMI, waist and hip circumference; ② Replacement indexes: diet, heart rate, oxygen consumption and blood pressure; ③ Risk indexes: adverse events and side effects.RESULTS: Four subjects (1 from the treatment group and 3 from the placebo group) dropped out for personal reasons unrelated to the study. No significant changes were found in the consumption of total calories, percentage of calories ingested as carbohydrates, fat or protein, or activity levels in either group throughout the study. Body mass, percentage of body fat and BMI of the treatment group were(74.7 ± 11.4) kg, (33.0±4. 1)% and(28.5±2.7) kg/m2 before the experiment, and(73.6 ± 12.4) kg, (31.3 ±4.5)%and(27.9 ± 3.0) kg/m2 at week 7, with significant differences. Waist and hip circumference of the treatment group was obviously decreased, but did not differ significantly before and after the experiment in the placebogroup. There were no significant differences in heart rate, oxygen consumption and blood pressure between the two groups. No obvious side effects were observed in the two groups.CONCLUSION: The novel combination of node of Lotus Rhizome, green tea and Panax notoginseng can significantly reduce body mass and fat in obese adults.

Objective To investigate the effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on brain injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods Forty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes aged 22-50 yr weighing 40-64 kg undergoing elective cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20 each): control group (group C) and SGB group. Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated for BP and CVP monitoring. A catheter was inserted into left internal jugular vein under local anesthesia and advanced cephalad until resistance was met for blood sampling. Right SGB was performed with 0.25% ropivacaine 10 ml. Successful block was confirmed by ipsilateral Homer's syndrome.ECG, BP, CVP and SpO2 were monitored. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.2 mg/kg, fentanyl 5-8 μg/kg and vecuronium 0.12 mg/kg and maintained with fentanyl infusion at 8-10 μg· kg- 1· h- 1 and intermittent iv boluses of midazolam and vecuronium. Blood samples were collected for determination of plasma NO, ET-1, S100β protein and NSE concentrations and NOS activity immediately after left internal jugular vein was retrogradely catheterized (T0 ), at 30 min of CPB (T1), 10 min after release of aortic cross clamp (T2 ), 6 and 24 h after operation (T3 ,T4 ). The patients' cognitive function was assessed by using mini-mental state examination (MMSE) the day before operation and on 1st and 7th day after operation. Results The plasma ET-1, S100β protein and NSE concentrations were significantly increased during and after operation at T1-3 as compared with baseline values at T0 in both groups and were significantly lower in group SGB than in group C. Plasma NO concentration was significantly increased during CPB at T1 as compared with the baseline at T0 in both groups but was significant higher after CPB at T2 but lower after operation at T3,4 in gToup SGB than in group C. The NOS activity was significantly higher during operation at T1,2 in group SGB than in group C. The cognitive function was significantly better at 1st postoperative day in group SGB than in group C. Compared with the baseline value,NO/ET-1 ratio was significantly decreased during and after operation in group C,but no significant change in NO/ET-1 ratio was found in group SGB. Conclusion SGB can attenuate brain injury induced by CPB by improving cerebral perfusion through maintenance of relative balance of NO/ET-1.