Objective:To observe the protection of polysaccharide GEP-2 from Gastrodia elata on the immunity-mediated liver injury induced by BCG+LPS in mice.Methods:BCG and LPS were adopted to establish BCG+LPS liver injury model in mice. The contents of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathion reductase (GSH-Px) and malondiadehyde (MDA) consistent of liver homogenate in mice were measured by colorimetric method. The content of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)and interleukin-1( IL-1)in serum were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and T-and B-lymphocyte proliferation were measured by MTT.Results:Polysaccharide GEP-2 from Gastrodia elata (25,50,100 mg/kg) could obviously reduce the high level of ALT and AST,and serum TNF-? and IL-1 either.It inhibited high level of MDA, increased the low activity of SOD and GSH-Px in liver homogenate,and enhanced T-and B-lymphocyte proliferation.Conclusion:Polysaccharide GEP-2 from Gastrodia elata had apparently protective effects on the immunity liver injury in mice induced by BCG+LPS.

Objective To observe the protection effect of Polysaccharide GEP-2 from Gastrodia elata on carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)and alcoholic liver injury in mice.Methods CCl4 and alcohol were adopted to establish CCl4 and alcoholic liver injury model in mice respectively.Colorimetric method was used to assay the content of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and the content of triglyceride(TG)in alcoholic liver injury,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondiadehyde(MDA)consistent of liver homogenate in mice,and observe liver tissue pathological section.Results Polysaccharide GEP-2 from Gastrodia elata(25,50,100 mg/kg)administration obviously reduced the high level of ALT and AST in serum and the content of TG in alcoholic liver injury,inhibit the high level of MDA and increase the low activity of SOD in liver homogenate.Patholory inspection result indicated that Polysaccharide GEP-2 from Gastrodia elata exert notable influence on CCl4 and alcoholic liver injury in mice.Conclusion Polysaccharide GEP-2 from Gastrodia elata has apparently protective effects on CCl4 and alcoholic induced liver injury in mice.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.