Objective To study the macrophage immune response after the percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) under the ultrasound guide. Methods Eighty-nine cases of primary hepatic carcinoma patients were treated by PMCT. At the time of the fourth week after PMCT and before PMCT, the patients were given percutaneous biopsy under ultrasound guide. And the samples were stained by immunohistochemical methods. Then the infiltration of macrophage on local treatment areas were compared before and after the treatment. Moreover the function of immunocytes were observed by electronic microscope. Results The infiltration of macrophage increased significantly in post-PMCT as compared with that in pre-PMCT. And there were more protuberance from the macrophage and much more lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium observed by electronic microscope. Conclusion The local macrophage cellular immunity can be more improved after the primary hepatic carcinoma treated by PMCT.

Background and purpose:Tumour cell is recognized and rejected by immunocytes.The local infiltration of immunocytes and the clinical curative effect after the percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy(PMCT) is worthy of further study.We investigated the local immune response after PMCT under ultrasound guidance and evaluated if the local immune response had any influence on the prognosis of patients.Methods:89 cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated by PMCT.At the time of the fourth week after PMCT and before PMCT,the patients were given percutaneous biopsy under ultrasound guidance.And the samples were stained by immunohistochemical methods.Then the infiltration of CD4+、CD57+ and CD68+ of local treatment areas were compared before and after the treatment of PMCT.Meanwhile,the patients underwent follow-up to survey the possibility of recrudescence.Moreover,the authors analyzed the relation between the infiltration of immunocytes and recrudescence.Results:A few CD4、CD57 and CD68 positive cells were observed in the cancer stoma and tissues surroundings the liver before PMCT.After PMCT,the immunocytes of CD4、CD57 and CD68 positive cells were significantly increased both in the cancer and the adjacent liver tissue.These immunocytes were enlarged in size.The infiltration of CD4+、CD57+ and CD68+ increased significantly in post-PMCT as compared with those of pre-PMCT(P

Objective To analyze the clinical value of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) in the treatment of obstructive jaundice.Methods A total of 479 patients with obstructive jaundice were enrolled in PLA General Hospital from July 2015 to July 2017 underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage,the preoperative serum total bilirubin was 92 ～ 614 μmol/L,the target bile duct was 2 ～ 16 mm in diameter.The PTBD was ultrasound guided.Results All of the 479 patients underwent PTBD successfully,and 99.6％ showed evident alleviation of jaundice postoperatively.Conclusions Ultrasoundguided PTBD is an effective method for reducing jaundice for preoperative or palliative treatment in patients with obstructive jaundice.The method of operation is worthy of further study.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical application of gray scale and color Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of hepatic malignant cystic tumors.

METHODSCharacteristics of gray scale and color Doppler sonography were studied in 16 cases of malignant hepatic tumors confirmed by pathology. Tumor size, shape, number of lesion, thickness of cystic wall and echogenecity of the lesion were observed with gray scale sonography. Blood supply of the tumor and its velocity were observed with Color Doppler sonography.

RESULTSOne single lesion was common in primary malignancy while multiple lesions signified metastasis. Sonographic findings revealed that the shape of the tumor was spheroid in 8 cases, irregular in 5 and leaf-shaped in 3, with the diameter varying from 1.9 cm to 13.6 cm. Sonography showed malignant cystic tumor with irregular thick wall in 15 cases, multiple septa in 7 cases and papillary projections in 6 on gray scale. Color Doppler flow signal was detected in the irregular thick wall, multiple septa or papillary projections in 14 cases, of which the arterial blood flow signals were demonstrated in 13.

CONCLUSIONColor Doppler is able to clearly detect the blood flow signals in the irregular thick wall, multiple septa or papillary projections, providing an important sign for the diagnosis of hepatic malignant cystic tumors.

Adult ; Aged ; Cysts ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the long-term results of percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) for primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

METHODSFrom May 1994 to May 2000, 177 hepatocellular carcinoma patients with 265 nodules underwent PMCT with ultrasound (US) guidance. The tumor size varied from 1.5 to 8.7 cm (median 4.12 + 1.9 cm). Follow-up examination was carried out with colour US, CT, MRI and AFP. 184 nodules were re-biopsied during the follow up of 5 - 74 months (median 29 months).

RESULTSAfter PMCT, colour Doppler flow signals disappeared in 92.0% (207/225) of patients. No enhancement was observed in 88.5% (138/156) by CT and 88.9% (32/36) by MRI. Re-biopsy of 184 nodules showed complete necrosis in 92.4% (170/184). Six resected lesions showed complete tumor necrosis in 5 and subtotal necrosis in 1. The 1- to 5-year survival rates were 90.1%, 76.9%, 68.3%, 64.2% and 57.8%, respectively. The survival rates of the well differentiated lesions were better than those of the poorly ones (P < 0.05). But there was not statistical significance between the moderately and the well differentiated ones. The new lesions development rates in 1 to 5 years were 26.1%, 37.8%, 43.5%, 48.6% and 58.9%, respectively. However, there was no severe complication.

CONCLUSIONUltrasound-guided microwave coagulation is safe and effective for primary hepatocellular carcinoma. It can eliminate tumors less than 5 cm in diameter.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; mortality ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Microwaves ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo apply the membrane separation process in the concentration process of Chuanxiong Chatiao granules and to lay the foundation for its industrialized application.

METHODThe type of membrane, the optimal pressure, the optimal temperature and the optimal detergent were selected by the single factor method. A comparative study was conducted between qualities of extracts from Chuanxiong Chatiao granules by new and traditional processes.

RESULTThe type of membrane was determined to be SMN-130A2350054. The optimal pressure was 1.7 MPa. The optimal temperature was 36 degrees C and the optimal detergent was 1% sodium polyphosphate. The qualities of extracts from Chuanxiong Chatiao granules by new and traditional processes showed no difference.

CONCLUSIONThe selected membrane separation process can effectively achieve concentration and save energy. The extracts from Chuanxiong Chatiao granules by the new process show no difference with traditional processes. Therefore, it provides basis for the industrialized application of Chuanxiong Chatiao granules.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in abnormal development and pathophysiology in the brain. Although miR-20b plays essential roles in various human diseases, its function in cerebral ischemic stroke remains unclear. A cell model of oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) were constructed. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the expression of miR-20b and TXNIP. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Targetscan and Starbase were used to predict the potential targets of miR-20b. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to determine the interaction between miR-20b and TXNIP. Rescue experiments were conducted to confirm the functions of miR-20b/TXNIP axis in cerebral ischemic stroke. MiR-20b was significantly downregulated after I/R both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR-20b inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis and attenuated ischemic brain injury in rat model. Bioinformatic prediction suggested that TXNIP might be a target of miR-20b, and luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-20b negatively regulated TXNIP expression by directly binding to the 3’-UTR of TXNIP. Downregulation of TXNIP inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis in vitro and ischemic brain injury in vivo. Rescue experiments indicated that downregulation of TXNIP effectively reversed the effect of miR-20b inhibitor in neurons apoptosis after OGD/R-treatment and ischemic brain injury in a mouse model after MCAO/R-treatment. Our study demonstrated that upregulation of miR-20b protected the brain from ischemic brain injury by targeting TXNIP, extending our understanding of miRNAs in cerebral ischemic stroke.

Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in abnormal development and pathophysiology in the brain. Although miR-20b plays essential roles in various human diseases, its function in cerebral ischemic stroke remains unclear. A cell model of oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) were constructed. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the expression of miR-20b and TXNIP. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Targetscan and Starbase were used to predict the potential targets of miR-20b. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to determine the interaction between miR-20b and TXNIP. Rescue experiments were conducted to confirm the functions of miR-20b/TXNIP axis in cerebral ischemic stroke. MiR-20b was significantly downregulated after I/R both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR-20b inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis and attenuated ischemic brain injury in rat model. Bioinformatic prediction suggested that TXNIP might be a target of miR-20b, and luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-20b negatively regulated TXNIP expression by directly binding to the 3’-UTR of TXNIP. Downregulation of TXNIP inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis in vitro and ischemic brain injury in vivo. Rescue experiments indicated that downregulation of TXNIP effectively reversed the effect of miR-20b inhibitor in neurons apoptosis after OGD/R-treatment and ischemic brain injury in a mouse model after MCAO/R-treatment. Our study demonstrated that upregulation of miR-20b protected the brain from ischemic brain injury by targeting TXNIP, extending our understanding of miRNAs in cerebral ischemic stroke.

Gastrodia elata is a kind of precious traditional Chinese medicine. In artificial cultivation, it has not got rid of its dependence on forest resources. In order to maintain the balance of the ecological system and reduce the waste of resources as much as possible, based on the information from field investigation at many places, this paper introduced the new ecological circulation planting patterns of G. elata, such as "forest-G. elata" supporting planting, G. elata-edible mushroom rotation, forest-G. elata-edible mushroom three-dimensional planting, fungus material classification planting technology, and so on. In this paper, we expounded the ecological problems solved by several planting patterns in G. elata production and analyzed their shortcomings. Finally, based on the exis-ting models, a complete ecological planting system of G. elata was summarized. This planting system emphasizes: ① The follow-up forests should be started before the planting of G. elata. And the economic forests were used to cultivation of G. elata. ② The classified utilization of fungus-growing materials. The leaves were used to cultivate germination bacteria of G. elata, the small branches were used to cultivate protocorm and juvenile tuber, the large branches were used to cultivate immature tuber, and the tree trunk was used to cultivate mature tuber. ③ Recycle utilization G. elata fungus material. The old fungus materials were used to produce strains or cultivate edible fungus. This design project not only solves the problems of the source of G. elata fungus material, the efficient utilization of fungus material and land resources, but also enriches the industrial structure. Using limited time and land resources to obtain greater economic benefits. It has certain guiding significance for poverty alleviation and ecological improvement.
Agaricales ; Bacteria ; Gastrodia ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Tubers