AIM: To explore the way and the feasible time of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplanting to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rats, and to investigate the migration of OECs after transplanted to EAE and the possible mechanism of inducing the protective effect. METHODS: The Lewis rats, which were divided into MOG group and GPSCH group according to the induction by MOG~Igd and GPSCH separately, were used to made EAE model. The animals in MOG group were divided into 3 subsets: OECs blank group (MOG0 group, 4 rats );OECs transplantation by vena caudalis (MOG1 group, 7 rats);OECs transplantation by lateral cerebral ventricle (MOG2 group, 4 rats). The animals in GPSCH group were also divided into 2 subsets: OECs blank group (GPSCH0 group, 4 rats);OECs transplanted by vena caudalis (GPSCH1 group, 4 rats). OECs transplanted through different ways in peak incidence, then the rats were measured to determine whether the symptom was ameliorated. Two weeks after transplantion, the rats were killed and the methods of histofluorescence and histopathology (HE staining and Luxol fast blue staining) were used to examine the distribution of the labeled OECs in EAE rats' bodies and to explore whether there was some amelioration in histology. RESULTS: After OECs transplantation by vena caudalis or lateral cerebral ventricle, the rats' symptom improved. Compared to OECs blank groups, there was significant difference in clinical scores (F=18.470, P<0.01;t=-7.147, P<0.01). No significant difference between MOG1 group and MOG2 group was observed (P>0.05). The labeled OECs entered into the brain through the broken blood-brain-barrier after transplantation by vena caud-alis, the labeled OECs near the subpial area and around the lesions were found. OECs transplantation by the way of lateral cerebral ventricle showed great migration potential, the cells moved towards to the lesions extensively. No significant difference between OECs transplantation group and OECs blank group in histopathology (HE staining and LFB staining) was observed (P>0.05), and the same thing also happened between MOG1 group and MOG2 group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The transplantation of adult rats' OECs improves the EAE rats' symptom at some degree by the ways of vena caudalis or lateral cerebral ventricle.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ulinastatin on Th1/Th2 cell balance in a rat model of stress-induced gastric ulcer (GU).Methods Twenty-four male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 180-220 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),stress-induced GU group (group GU) and ulinastatin group (group U).The rats were subjected to water-immersion and restraint stress for 3.5 h to establish GU model in S and U groups.At 10 min before water-immersion,normal saline 0.4 ml and ulinastatin 100 000 U/kg were injected via the tail vein in GU and U groups,respectively.After GU model was established,the abdomen was opened after anesthesia.The whole stomach was exposed,and the gastric mucosal damage was evaluated under microscope,ulcer index (UI) was recorded,and the pathological changes of the gastric mucous membrane were observed.Spleen samples were obtained to detect T-bet,Gata-3,interferon-γ (IFN-γ),and interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA expression by RT-PCR.The ratio of T-bet mRNA expression/Gata-3 mRNA expression (T-bet/Gata-3) was calculated.Results Compared with group C,T-bet mRNA expression was significantly down-regulated,Gata-3 mRNA expression was up-regulated,T-bet/Gata-3 ratio was decreased,UI was increased,and no significant changes were found in IFN-γ and IL-4 mRNA expression in GU group,and UI was increased,and no significant changes were found in the other parameters in group U.Compared with group GU,the ratio of T-bet/Gata-3 was significantly increased,and UI was decreased,and no significant changes were found in T-bet,Gata-3,IFN-γ,IL-4 mRNA expression in group U.The gastric mucosal damage was significantly mitigated in GU group as compared with group U.Conclusion The mechanism by which ulinastatin mitigates stress-induced GU may be related to correction of Th1/Th2 cell imbalance in rats.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of propofol and inhalation anesthesia on the incidence of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries.

METHODSPubMed, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang data and VIP Database (by October 2012) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing propofol and inhalation anesthesia for their impact on the incidence of early POCD in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries. After data extraction and quality evaluation, Stata 12.0 software was used for statistical data analysis.

RESULTSThirteen RCTs, including 2 comparing propofol with xenon, 7 comparing propofol with sevoflurane, and 4 comparing propofol with isoflurane were obtained, involving a total of 753 patients. The odds ratio of early POCD incidence between patients with propofol anesthesia and those with xenon anesthesia, sevoflurane anesthesia, and isoflurane anesthesia were 1.62 (95% CI 0.81-3.23, P=0.533), 0.67 (95% CI 0.39-1.14, P=0.830), and 0.20 (95% CI 0.08-0.50, P=0.925), respectively. Overall, the odds ratio of early POCD incidence between propofol anesthesia and inhalation anesthesia was 0.68 (95% CI 0.47-0.98, P=0.189). Egger's test showed a publication bias of the RCTs retrieved (P=0.011).

CONCLUSIONCompared with inhalation anesthesia, propofol anesthesia is associated with a lower incidence of early POCD in elderly patients, but this conclusion needs to be further verified by more well-designed large-scale RCTs.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Cognition Disorders ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Propofol