Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment effect between bilateral(bi-)and unilateral(uni-) sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL).Method:Four hundred and eighty cases of SSNHL were retrospective study,which were divided into two groups of bi-SSNHL(n=40) and uni-SSNHL(n=440).Clinical characteristics and treatment effects were compared of the two groups.Result:The incidence rate of bi-SSNHL was 8.3 percent and uni-SSNHL was 91.7 percent of all patients with SSNHL. Bi-SSNHL occurs more commonly in patients of old age, diabetes mellitus, and lipid panes abnormalities compared to uni-SSNHL. Twenty-eight ears in the bi-SSNHL group showed hearing recovery (35%),compared with 56.4 percent of patients with uni-SSNHL.Conclusion:Bi-SSNHL and uni-SSNHL may have a completely different clinical characteristics and treatment effect,that implies a different pathophysiology and prognosis. Recognition their different clinical characteristics and treatment effect between bilateral and unilateral SSNHL can help in counseling and managing the patients and correctly evaluate the prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ADV-TK gene in its inhibition of the recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection in a nude mouse model. Methods In the two experimental groups, GFP-labelled ADV-TK gene transfection was determined 24 h after injection in one-each mouse. Nude mice with inplanted intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma underwent curative tumor resection, in the end of the operation ADV-TK gene was injected in incisional margin (11 mice) or retroperitoneally (11 mice). Ganciclovir at a dosage of 50 μg/10 g bw was given in the next day after resection. Mice in control group did not receive ADV-TK gene injection. After six weeks, mice were sacrificed. Results 1. It was showed that organs were all transfected by ADV-TK gene.2. Compared with the control group in which the recurrent tumor number of (8.7±6.5) ,tumor volume of (2933±597) mm3, and recurrence involved liver lobes of (4.3±2.2), that was (0.0±0.0), (0.0±0.0) mm3, and (0.0±0.0)(X2 = 3.05 all P<0.01) in incisional margin gene injection group, and (2.2±1.3), (265±109) mm3, and (2.1±1.3) (X2= 5.32, all P<0.01 ) respectively in intraperitoneally gene injection group.3. Compared with the control group in which the lung metastasis rate of (10/10)、number of distant organ involved by metastasis of (7.2±5.3 ), and serum AFP level of (1322±702), that was (2/10) , (3.2±1.5) and (322±102), (X2=4.33, all P<0.01) in incisional margin group, and ( 1/10)、( 1.8±1.2 ), and (268±133 ) ( X2=7.15, all P<0.01 ) in retroperitoneal group, respectively. Conclusions ADV-TK gene inhibits recurrence and metastasis of HCC after curative resection in this nude mouse model.

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible relationship between erectile dysfunction (ED) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) in men, and to assess the positive effect of Sildenafil on the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) from BPH while treating ED.

METHODSThirty-two patients with ED and BPH were offered oral Sildenafil and reviewed before and six months after the administration of Sildenafil by the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaires. Scores were tested by chi-square.

RESULTSIIEF-5 scores were increased by 42.36% and IPSS scores declined by 20.14%, with statistical significance (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of ED with Sildenafil appears to improve urinary symptom scores. A lower IPSS at baseline seems to predict a better response to Sildenafil therapy for ED.

Aged ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; Purines ; therapeutic use ; Sildenafil Citrate ; Sulfones ; therapeutic use ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urination Disorders ; drug therapy ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided focused ultrasound ablation (US-FUA) in the treatment of intramural, submucosal and subserosal uterine fibroids.

METHODSWe prospectively assessed the efficacy of US-FUA for treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids by determining the volume ablation ratio immediately after the treatment and evaluating the volume changes of the uterine fibroids on contrast-enhanced MRI at 6 and 12 months after the treatment. The symptom severity score (SSS) was examined before and at 6 and 12 months after the treatment.

RESULTSA total of 110 women with 145 symptomatic fibroids undergoing US-FUA between August 2011 and December 2012 were enrolled. The fibroids were located intramurally in 72 (49.7%), submucosally in 49 (33.8%) and subserosally in 24 (16.6%) patients, who had comparable mean volume ablation ratios [(93.± 13.1)% vs (94.9 ± 9.3)% vs (89.6 ± 19.3)%, P>0.05]. The volume of the treated fibroids was reduced by (47.3 ± 20.8)%, (70.3 ± 22.2)% and (47.8 ± 13.6)% at 6 months after US-FUA and by (58.9 ± 19.9)%, (82.0 ± 21.2)%, and (50.5 ± 17.8)% at 12 months, respectively, demonstrating a more obvious volume reduction for submucosal fibroids (P<0.05). The SSS scores of the 3 groups before treatment were 29.1 ± 15.2, 34.8 ± 14.5 and 26.6 ± 23.4, respectively, which decreased significantly to 18.4 ± 15.8, 15.5 ± 10.7, and 11.6 ± 11.7 at 6 months (P<0.05) and to 18.9 ± 13.2, 16.8 ± 14.0, 11.5 ± 9.1 at 12 months (P<0.05). No major complications occurred in these patients during the 12-month follow-up.

CONCLUSIONUS-FUA can yield high ablation ratios for intramural, submucosal and subserosal fibroids and result in significant volume reduction and symptomatic improvement at 6 and 12 months after the treatment, suggesting its value as a new noninvasive option for fibroid treatment in patients who wish to preserve the uterus.

Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Treatment Outcome ; Uterine Neoplasms ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of combined treatment of hormone therapy with strontium-89 for pain from bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

METHODSSixteen patients with metastasis prostate cancer received hormone therapy with strontium-89 chloride (89Sr), and 4 of them received radiotherapy.

RESULTSThe pain was relieved. Relief occurred in 75.6% of the patients for 3 months, 80.5% for 6 months and 63.4% for 9 months.

CONCLUSIONHormone therapy enhances the effect of 89Sr without obvious toxicity. The combined treatment not only significantly raises pain palliation, prolongs pain-free survival, but improves the patients life quality.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Androgen Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Bone Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; secondary ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain, Intractable ; therapy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; therapy ; Strontium ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment effect between bilateral (bi-) and unilateral (uni-) sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). METHOD: Four hundred and eighty cases of SSNHL were retrospective study, which were divided into two groups of bi-SSNHL (n = 40) and uni-SSNHL (n = 440). Clinical characteristics and treatment effects were compared of the two groups. RESULT: The incidence rate of bi-SSNHL was 8.3 percent and uni-SSNHL was 91.7 percent of all patients with SSNHL. Bi-SSNHL occurs more commonly in patients of old age, diabetes mellitus, and lipid panes abnormalities compared to uni-SSNHL. Twenty-eight ears in the bi-SSNHL group showed hearing recovery (35%), compared with 56.4 percent of patients with uni-SSNHL. CONCLUSION Bi-SSNHL and uni-SSNHL may have a completely different clinical characteristics and treatment effect, that implies a different pathophysiology and prognosis. Recognition their different clinical characteristics and treatment effect between bilateral and unilateral SSNHL can help in counseling and managing the patients and correctly evaluate the prognosis.
Adult ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Bilateral ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Hearing Loss, Unilateral ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo understand the infection of AIDS， syphilis， and gonorrhea in men who have sex with men （MSM）， and the factors influencing the acceptance of gonorrhea testing in Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture （Dehong Prefecture）， Yunnan Province. MethodsAcross-sectional survey was conducted to describe and analyze the acceptance of AIDS， syphilis， and gonorrhea testing among MSM tracked in Dehong Prefecture in 2018. ResultsA total of 385 MSM were included in the analysis， with a 100.0% HIV and syphilis testing rate. The HIV antibody positivity rate was 10.6% （41/385） and the positivity rate of syphilis antibody was 14.8%（57/385）. Only 30.4% of the subjects were willing to test for gonorrhea， and 13.7%（16/117）of them were test positive. Further multifactorial analysis revealed that local MSM and syphilis co-infected individuals were more likely to be tested for gonorrhea （aOR=2.48， 95%CI=1.33-4.65， P=0.004； aOR=2.59， 95%CI=1.43-4.71， P=0.002）. ConclusionThe positive rates of AIDS， syphilis and gonorrhea in MSM population in Dehong Prefecture are relatively high. Integrated interventions of STD/AIDS and gonorrhoea detection should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the clinical pathologic features of a distinct variant of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) characterized by neuronal loss of layer four.Methods Between 2005 and 2017,approximately 3 000 surgeries were performed for the treatment of intractable epilepsy at Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University and Yuquan Hospital,Tsinghua University.Retrospective analysis of clinic-pathological data of patients with epilepsy surgery was made and histological manifestations of neuronal loss of cortical layer four were included in this study.Results In this cohort,25 patients (22 males and three females) were identified with early onset pharmaco-resistant epilepsy and regionally circumscribed neuronal loss of cortical layer four in surgical specimens from the occipital lobe.Histologically,except for neuronal loss in cortical layer four in all cases,glial scar lesions were found in some patients.Thus the histology of those cases can be subdivided into two groups:group A (13 cases):neuronal loss of cortical layer four without glial scar lesions;and group B (12 cases):neuronal loss of cortical layer four with glial scar lesions.Due to the prominent horizontal disorganization of cortical layering and lack of any other microscopically visible principle lesion,group A should be classified hitherto as FCD International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) type Ⅰ b,however,group B with scar lesions and cortical dysplasia around the main leision,should be classified as FCD ILAE type Ⅲd.This retrospective analysis of clinical histories revealed a perinatal distress in 20 patients (80％),suggesting an acquired pathomechanism.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormal signals in the occipital lobe in all patients,and signal changes suggestive of encephalomalacia were found in 18 patients.Surgical treatment achieved favorable seizure control (Engel class Ⅰ and Ⅱ) in 18 patients (75％ among 24 available follow up).Comparion of the two groups with age at epilepsy onset (group A:5.00±2.76,group B:5.01±3.78),the proportion of perinatal distress (group A:11/13,group B:9/12) and the follow-up results (favorable seizure control of the two groups was 9/13,9/11 respectively) showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.Conculsion Neuronal loss of cortical layer four in the occipital lobe should be classified as a distinct variant of FCD ILAE type Ⅲd.

OBJECTIVETo determine the incidence and risk factors of HCV infection among heroin addicts who were receiving methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province.

METHODSAll heroin addicts who were HCV negative at the initiation of MMT in June 2005 through March 2012, in Dehong prefecture, were included in this cohort analysis. HCV incidence was calculated and related risk factors determined by using Cox proportional hazard regression model.

RESULTSA total of 2390 MMT clinic attendants were qualified for this cohort study by March 2012. 731(30.6%) of them had never received any follow-up HCV testing so were recognized as loss to follow-up. The other 1659 (69.4%) participants had received at least one follow-up HCV testing and were observed for a total of 3509.12 person-years(py). During this period 99 new HCV infections or HCV sero-converters were identified. The overall HCV incidence was 2.82/100 py and was 3.62/100 py for 2006, 5.36/100 py for 2007, 6.71/100 py for 2008, 2.56/100 py for 2009, 1.90/100 py for 2010, and 0.44/100 py for 2011, respectively. Results from multiple regression analysis, using Cox proportional hazard model, indicated that after controlling for confounding variables, those who were unemployed, being injecting drug users(IDUs)or HIV positive at entry into the MMT program were more likely to be newly infected with HCV or HCV sero-converted during the follow-up period than those who were peasants, non-IDUs or HIV negative at entry into the MMT program(HR = 2.02, 95% CI:1.18-3.48; HR = 9.05, 95% CI:5.49-14.93; HR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.37-3.56), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of HCV infection among MMT clinic attendants was decreasing since 2009 in Dehong prefecture. Those who were unemployed, injecting drug users and HIV positive were at higher risk of HCV infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Drug Users ; Female ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Methadone ; therapeutic use ; Risk Factors ; Substance-Related Disorders ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; virology

OBJECTIVETo study the HIV incidence and risk factors among sero-negative spouses of HIV patients in Dehong prefecture of Yunnan province.

METHODSA cohort of sero-negative spouses of the HIV patients had been developed and followed up since November, 2005. HIV new infections and related behaviors had been investigated every six months.

RESULTSBy the end of June, 2008, 790 sero-negative spouses of HIV patients had been recruited, of whom 702 were followed-up for at least one time. During the total 1202.35 person-years, 31 new HIV infections were identified, with an overall incidence of 2.58/100 person-years. The HIV incidence rates were 2.22/100 person-years in 2006, 2.95/100 person-years in 2007 and 2.74/100 person-years in 2008. Data from the Cox proportional hazard regression model indicated that those who resided in Yingjiang county [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.37, 95%CI: 1.48 - 12.90, P = 0.008], ever using drugs (HR = 3.49, 95%CI: 1.09 - 11.18, P = 0.035), or having an HIV-infected spouse who never exposed to antiretroviral treatment (HR = 3.60, 95%CI: 1.41 - 9.16, P = 0.007) were at higher risk for HIV infection.

CONCLUSIONSero-negative spouses of HIV patients in Dehong prefecture of Yunnan province had a relatively high incidence of HIV new infection during 2006-2008. More efforts should put on those people living in these areas, having a history of drug use or having an HIV-infected spouse who had never been exposed to antiretroviral treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; HIV Seronegativity ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; Spouses ; Young Adult