Objective To observe the effects of olfactory lamina propria (OLP) transplantation and ganglioside GM1 treatment on spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats.Methods Totally 50 healthy pure breed female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats after spinal cord hemiseetion were randomly divided into 5 groups and were given different treatments: (OLP + GM1) treatment group (group A), GM1 treatment group (group B), OLP treatment group (group C), spinal cord injury but without treatment group (group D) and healthy control group (group E). The recovery of neurological function was evaluated by somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and pathological examination after surgery. Results In group A, in some rats an escaping response in right hind leg occurred, but in other groups, the motor function was not significantly improved. Histological examination showed that transplanted olfactory lamina propria survived in the transplantation area and expanded on certain routes. NF positive nerve fibers passed through the transplantation area. Compared with group B, C, D, the N1-wave latency was(4.71±0. 72)ms 4 weeks after operation(P<0. 01), and the NF density was(7. 31±0. 26) ×104/mm28 weeks after operation in group A(P<0. 05). Conclusions Olfactory lamina propria (OLP) transplantation and ganglioside GM1 treatment have a synergistic effect on SCI.

Objective To observe the changes of serum cystatin C(Cys C) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) and normal kidney function ,and evaluate the predictive value of Cys C concentration on coronary arterial lesions .Methods Serum levels of Cys C were detected in 316 patients with coronary heart disease and normal renal function .The relationship between serum 1evels of Cys C and coronary heart disease was evaluated from three aspects :the number of diseased vessels ,the severity of diseased ves‐sels and the CHD Gensini scores .Results The Cys C level in CHD group was significantly higher than that of non‐CHD group [(1 .24 ± 0 .32)mg/L vs .(1 .12 ± 0 .27)mg/L ,P<0 .01] .Serum Cys C was significantly higher in the multi‐vessel disease group than that of the single‐vessel disease group[(1 .31 ± 0 .31)mg/L vs .(1 .20 ± 0 .32)mg/L ,P<0 .01] .Serum Cys C was significantly higher in the severe coronary artery stenosis group than in the mild stenosis group [(1 .29 ± 0 .36)mg/L vs .(1 .16 ± 0 .23)mg/L , P<0 .01] .Cys C was positively correlated with the Gensini scores of coronary arterial lesion (r=0 .195 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion Cys C levels increased in patients with coronary heart disease and normal renal function .Cys C was positively correlated with the Gensini scores of coronary arterial lesion .Serum Cys C levels has certain predictive value on coronary arterial lesions in patients with CHD .

Objective:To investigate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on behavioral and psychological symptoms and quality of life in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease (AD).Methods:Forty mild and moderate patients who met the diagnostic criteria of AD in the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases from May 2017 to December 2018 in the Seventh People′s Hospital of Wenzhou City were selected and divided into the control group (20 cases) and the rTMS group (20 cases) according to random number list. The control group was treated with basic treatment while the rTMS group was treated with rTMS on the basis of the basic treatment. The scores of AD assessment scale-cognitive section (ADAS-cog), mini mental state examination (MMSE), neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), activity daily living (ADL), and quality of life in AD (QOL-AD) were observed and compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:There were no significant differences in ADAS-cog, MMSE, NPI, ADL, and QOL-AD scores between the rTMS group and the control group before treatment ( P>0.05). After treatment, the MMSE, ADL, and QOL-AD scores of the rTMS group were significantly higher than those of the control group: (22.80 ± 3.83) scores vs.(20.30 ± 5.49) scores, (63.05 ± 17.24) scores vs. (54.15 ± 9.20) scpres, (37.55 ± 7.94) scores vs. (31.00 ± 11.45) scores; the ADAS-cog and NPI scores were significantly lower: (18.45 ± 4.16) scores vs.(22.15 ± 5.01) scores, (57.2 ± 16.25) scores vs. (72.65 ± 39.37) scores, (27.15 ± 7.53) scores vs. (34.65 ± 14.91) scores, and there were significantly differences ( P<0.05). At the same time, the MMSE, ADL, and QOL-AD scores of the rTMS group were significantly higher than those before treatment, the ADAS-cog and NPI scores were significantly lower, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:rTMS can effectively improve the behavioral and psychological symptoms of patients with mild to moderate AD and significantly improve the quality of life.

Objective To observe the effects of transplantation of bone marrow stem cells(BMSCs)transfected with bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)on fracture healing in rats with diabetes so as to provide a new therapy for diabetic fractures.Methods Fifty male adult Wistar rats aged six weeks randomized to the control group and experimental group were all employed to establish models with diabetic fractures.Under high glucose condition,BMSCs were transfected with BMP-2 by adenovirus vector in vitro.BMSCs transfected by BMP-2 were transplanted into the fracture area of rats in the experimental group,while non-transfected BMSCs into the corresponding area of rats in the control group.X-ray examination was performed at 1,2,3,4 and 6 weeks after transplantation.Bony calluses were collected for HE staining and gray scales of BMP-2 in calluses were determined by immunohistochemical method.Meanwhile,serum levels of BMP-2 were measured by ELtSA.Results The gray scales of BMP-2 in the calluses were 83±3 in the experimental group and 118±4 in the control group at four weeks(P＜0.01).The serum concentrations of BMP-2 were(203.80±8.96)ng/L in the experimental group and(139.15±4.19)ng/L in the control group at four weeks(P＜0.01).Conclusion Transplantation of BMSCs transfected by BMP-2 promotes fracture healing in diabetic rats.

Objective:To analyze the costs and effectiveness of five common screening modes and genetic screening for thalassemia in China in order to find the optimal way and provide evidence for the implementation of thalassemia prevention and control projects in Hunan Province.Methods:From June 2020 to April 2021, 12 971 couples from 14 cities and autonomous prefectures in Hunan Province were selected as the study population. The diagnosis of thalassemia was based on the results of genetic testing. Results of routine blood test and hemoglobin electrophoresis were collected and analyzed. The efficacy of five screening modes, at the cut-off value of <80 fl or 82 fl for the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), was analyzed by positive predictive value, negative predictive value, Jorden index and cost-effectiveness ratio. Sensitivity analysis was used to assess the feasibility of genetic screening at different costs after fixing the costs of routine blood and hemoglobin electrophoresis. The five thalassemia screening models are as follows: Mode 1: The woman had a blood routine test first. If the result was positive, the spouse required a blood routine test. If both results were positive, a thalassemia gene test should be offered to the couple. Mode 2: Both husband and wife were screened by blood routine and hemoglobin electrophoresis. If one or both of them were positive, both would be tested for thalassemia gene. Mode 3: The couple received blood routine tests initially. If either was positive, both should receive hemoglobin electrophoresis testing. If either was positive, both parties will conduct thalassemia gene testing. Mode 4: The woman was screened by blood routine and hemoglobin electrophoresis. If any one of them was positive, the woman would be tested for thalassemia gene. If the gene test result was positive, the spouse should receive thalassemia gene. Mode 5: Both spouses conducted a blood routine test. If either was positive, both would conduct hemoglobin electrophoresis test. If both were positive, both spouses should receive thalassemia gene testing. Gene testing mode: The woman would be tested for thalassemia, and her spouse would have thalassemia test too if her result was positive.Results:When using MCV<80 fl as the cut-off for diagnosing thalassemia, the Youden indices of the five prenatal screening modes in Hunan Province were 0.551, 0.639, 0.898, 0.555 and 0.356, while when using MCV<82 fl as the cut-off, the Youden indices were 0.549, 0.629, 0.851, 0.548 and 0.356. When the MCV cut-off value was <80 fl, the missed diagnosis rates of the five screening modes were 44.44%, 0.00, 0.00, 18.52% and 62.96%, and the cost-effectiveness ratios were 21 709, 250 939, 76 870, 138 463 and 92 860 yuan (RMB)/couple, respectively. When the price of genetic testing was lower than 55 yuan (RMB), the cost-effectiveness ratio of genetic screening was lower than that of Mode 3.Conclusions:MCV<80 fl can be considered as the positive criteria in blood routine screening for thalassemia in Hunan Province, and the cost-effectiveness ratio of Mode 3 (the couple received blood routine tests initially. If either was positive, both should receive hemoglobin electrophoresis testing. If either was positive, both parties will conduct thalassemia gene testing) is the best. Genetic screening has certain advantages with the decreasing price.

Objective To compare the preparation efficiency of mouse pox and mouse hepatitis antibodies between two substrains of BALB/c and Big-BALB/c (B-BALB/c) mice, and to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the selection of laboratory animals in the preparation of monoclonal antibodies inducedin vivo through hybridoma.Methods Individuals weighing more than 5% of the weight of normal animals at 4 weeks of age (the criterion for late selection is more than 10%) were selected from a population of conventionally bred BALB/c mice and bred individually, and a subline of B-BALB/c mice was prepared after 10 generations of selection. A total of 40 BALB/c mice and 40 B-BALB/c mice aged 10 to 11 weeks, half male and half female, were selected and inoculated with the mousepox monoclonal antibody hybridoma cell line G23 or the murine hepatitis monoclonal antibody hybridoma cell line Y15 pre-treated with liquid paraffin, respectively. Mice ascites containing monoclonal antibodies were obtained by in vivo induction. The antibody titer was tested by indirect ELISA. The mice were grouped based on the sub-strains, gender and inoculation type of hybridoma to analyze the ascites production, antibody titer and antibody production, and to evaluate the antibody preparation efficiency of the two BALB/c mouse sub-strains.ResultsAfter 10 generations of breeding, the body weight of 10-week-old male and female B-BALB/c mice increased by 22.3% and 12.8%, respectively, compared with BALB/c mice of the same age. Compared with BALB/c mice, B-BALB/c mice had better tolerance and adaptation to secondary ascites collection. Compared with BALB/c mice, the ascites production and antibody titer during the preparation of antibodies in B-BALB/c mice were significantly increased, especially in the hybridoma cell line G23 vaccination group (both P＜0.000 1) . After inoculation with the hybridoma cell lines G23 or Y15, the average antibody production of B-BALB/c mice (14.99×10⁴ U and 33.22×10⁴ U) was higher than that of BALB/c mice (5.33×10⁴ U and 19.31×10⁴ U) (both P＜0.01). After inoculation with hybridoma cell line G23, the average antibody production per unit body weight of B-BALB/c mice (0.55×10⁴ U/g) was higher than that of BALB/c mice (0.23×10⁴ U/g) (P＜0.000 1). And the antibody production per unit body weight of female B-BALB/c or BALB/c mice was higher than that of male B-BALB/c or BALB/c mice (bothP＜0.01).Conclusion B-BALB/c mice can be used as an alternative to BALB/c mice in the in vivo induction of monoclonal antibody preparation, which can achieve the purpose of reducing the number of experimental animals used, lowering the labor cost, and improving the efficiency of antibody preparation.